DDI description: Finnish Local Government Barometer 1992: Inhabitants DDI-kuvailu: Kunnallisalan ilmapuntari 1992: kuntalaiset 1147 Finnish Social Science Data Archive Finnish Social Science Data Archive Finnish Social Science Data Archive 3.0.0 Finnish Local Government Barometer 1992: Inhabitants [metadata]. Metadata version 3.0.0 (2023-11-01). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd1147; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD1147 FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records), joiden tekijä on Suomen yhteiskuntatieteellinen tietoarkisto (Finnish Social Science Data Archive), on lisensoitu Creative Commons 1.0 Yleismaailmallinen (CC0 1.0) -lisenssillä. FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records) by Suomen yhteiskuntatieteellinen tietoarkisto (Finnish Social Science Data Archive) are licensed under a Creative Commons 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) license. FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records) av Finlands samhällsvetenskapliga dataarkiv (Finnish Social Science Data Archive) är licensierade under en Creative Commons 1.0 Universiell (CC0 1.0) licens. Finnish Local Government Barometer 1992: Inhabitants Kunnallisalan ilmapuntari 1992: kuntalaiset 1147 urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD1147 10.60686/t-fsd1147 Foundation for Municipal Development Foundation for Municipal Development In accordance with the agreement between FSD and the depositor. Finnish Social Science Data Archive Finnish Local Government Barometers

The Foundation for Municipal Development conducts annual surveys covering opinions on local (municipal) democracy, local government, local economy and services. Respondents are generally local inhabitants, municipal managers and the chairpersons of municipal boards. The data enable comparison between the opinions of the inhabitants on the one hand, and the managers and chairpersons on the other. The surveys also study municipal managers' views on the policies of the Government of Finland and the functionality of local co-operation. The survey series was launched in 1992. The FSD collections cover data from 1992 to 2010.

3.0 3.0 Foundation for Municipal Development: Finnish Local Government Barometer 1992: Inhabitants [dataset]. Data version 3.0 (2023-11-01). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd1147; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD1147 financial resources informal economy local finance local government local government services local taxation municipal government political power privatization public services Social sciences Government, political systems and organisations Political behaviour and attitudes

The survey studies citizens' views on the financial situation of the Finnish municipalities, local democracy, municipal government, and the production of services. The respondents were asked to assess the different means of improving the financial situation of Finnish municipalities, both in general and from the standpoint of their home municipality. They also responded to statements concerning municipal decision-making, administration, consolidation of municipalities, number of civil servants, bureaucracy, efficiency, production of public services, public service privatisation, and the refugees. In addition, the respondents were asked how the municipalities could save money if they had to cut down expenses, and who in real life uses power in municipal decision-making.

Background variables included the respondent's sex, age, basic education, vocational training, income bracket, phase of life, political views, occupational group, number of family members, occupational group of the head of the family, type of locality, municipality of residence, and the province of residence.

Finland Finland Individual Individual Finns aged 15 or over the Åland Islands Quantitative Longitudinal: Trend/Repeated cross-section Longitudinal.TrendRepeatedCrossSection Gallup Finland Probability: Multistage Probability.Multistage

The sample was collected in three phases. In the first phase, the target persons were divided by province. Then, within each province, the target persons were divided according to community type: communities were grouped in different types so that cities were divided to big and small according to population size, and rural communities in three classes according to industrial structure. In the third phase, a group of starting points were designated for each of the selected municipalities in relation to their population. Starting point method was used, and each randomly selected point resulted in six interviews. From each household the person who matched the gender and age requirements stated in the selection card was interviewed.

Face-to-face interview Interview.FaceToFace Structured questionnaire Questionnaire.Structured There are no weight variables in the data. Categorisations of the question concerning household income are different in the original and archived data. Detailed and specific data description in Finnish and English. The data are checked and processed in detail. If necessary, the data are anonymised. Finnish Social Science Data Archive The data does not contain question b6 (e.g. How much money should your household have at its disposal monthly in order to make ends meet in your present municipality?). The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study. The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication. Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi. The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data. To prevent identification of respondents, the variable denoting postal code was removed from the data during archiving. Variables bv6_1 - bv6_4 denoting number of children and household size were top-coded and variable bv2 denoting the respondent's age was categorised. Blomberg, Helena & Kroll, Christian (1999). Who wants to preserve the "Scandinavian welfare state"? Attitudes to welfare services among the citizens and local government elites in Finland 1992-96. In: The end of welfare state? Responses to state retrenchment (eds. Svallfors, S. & Taylor-Gooby, P.). London: Routledge. ESA studies in European Society. Who wants to preserve the "Scandinavian welfare state"? Attitudes to welfare services among the citizens and local government elites in Finland 1992-96 Blomberg, Helena & Kroll, Christian (2003). Kuntalaiset, paikalliset päättäjät ja hyvinvointipalvelut 1990-luvulla. Teoksessa: Laman varjo ja nousun huuma (toim. Olli Kangas). Helsinki: Kansaneläkelaitos. Sosiaali- ja terveysturvan tutkimuksia; 72. Kuntalaiset, paikalliset päättäjät ja hyvinvointipalvelut 1990-luvulla Kansalaismielipide ja kunnat: ilmapuntari 1992 (1992). Helsinki: Kunnallisalan kehittämissäätiö. Polemia-sarja; 1. Kansalaismielipide ja kunnat: ilmapuntari 1992 daF1147e.sav 1029 157 SPSS Portable [fsd_no] FSD study number FSD study number 1029 1147 1147 1147.00 .000 [fsd_vr] FSD edition number FSD edition number 1029 3.0 3.0 3.000 .0000 [fsd_id] FSD case id FSD case id 1029 1 1029 515.00 297.191 [v1_1] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising municipal tax rate How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising municipal tax rate 1029 1 5 2.56 1.000 1 Very effective 151 2 Fairly effective 353 3 Not very effective 365 4 Not effective at all 122 5 Can't say 38 [v1_2] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Borrowing/increasing borrowing How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Borrowing/increasing borrowing 1029 1 5 3.05 .878 1 Very effective 49 2 Fairly effective 188 3 Not very effective 498 4 Not effective at all 255 5 Can't say 39 [v1_3] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Cutting down/reducing municipal services How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Cutting down/reducing municipal services 1029 1 5 2.58 .940 1 Very effective 112 2 Fairly effective 402 3 Not very effective 350 4 Not effective at all 139 5 Can't say 26 [v1_4] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Privatising municipal services How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Privatising municipal services 1029 1 5 2.58 1.088 1 Very effective 141 2 Fairly effective 416 3 Not very effective 290 4 Not effective at all 102 5 Can't say 80 [v1_5] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising the general level of usage/service fees How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising the general level of usage/service fees 1029 1 5 2.63 .953 1 Very effective 91 2 Fairly effective 411 3 Not very effective 355 4 Not effective at all 130 5 Can't say 42 [v1_6] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Selling municipal property How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Selling municipal property 1029 1 5 2.64 1.046 1 Very effective 134 2 Fairly effective 351 3 Not very effective 349 4 Not effective at all 137 5 Can't say 58 [v1_7] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing/postponing construction investments, etc. How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing/postponing construction investments, etc. 1029 1 5 2.36 1.089 1 Very effective 246 2 Fairly effective 365 3 Not very effective 276 4 Not effective at all 90 5 Can't say 52 [v1_8] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Consolidation of municipalities/merging municipalities into larger entities How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Consolidation of municipalities/merging municipalities into larger entities 1029 1 5 2.54 1.175 1 Very effective 199 2 Fairly effective 373 3 Not very effective 252 4 Not effective at all 116 5 Can't say 89 [v1_9] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the co-operation between municipalities without consolidations How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the co-operation between municipalities without consolidations 1029 1 5 2.31 1.084 1 Very effective 203 2 Fairly effective 509 3 Not very effective 194 4 Not effective at all 39 5 Can't say 84 [v1_10] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of municipal employees by firing them How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of municipal employees by firing them 1029 1 5 2.75 1.007 1 Very effective 123 2 Fairly effective 274 3 Not very effective 415 4 Not effective at all 175 5 Can't say 42 [v1_11] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of administrative employees How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of administrative employees 1029 1 5 2.12 .975 1 Very effective 286 2 Fairly effective 447 3 Not very effective 218 4 Not effective at all 43 5 Can't say 35 [v1_12] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of service provision employees How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of service provision employees 1029 1 5 3.06 .875 1 Very effective 47 2 Fairly effective 179 3 Not very effective 518 4 Not effective at all 239 5 Can't say 46 [v1_13] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Laying off employees How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Laying off employees 1029 1 5 2.95 .898 1 Very effective 59 2 Fairly effective 223 3 Not very effective 492 4 Not effective at all 216 5 Can't say 39 [v1_14] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing employees' salaries/increasing their working hours How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing employees' salaries/increasing their working hours 1029 1 5 2.86 .997 1 Very effective 87 2 Fairly effective 289 3 Not very effective 384 4 Not effective at all 223 5 Can't say 46 [v1_15] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of elected officials/bodies How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of elected officials/bodies 1029 1 5 2.56 1.133 1 Very effective 174 2 Fairly effective 369 3 Not very effective 309 4 Not effective at all 86 5 Can't say 91 [v1_16] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Applying the principle of accountability in municipal offices and departments How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Applying the principle of accountability in municipal offices and departments 1029 1 5 2.26 1.226 1 Very effective 313 2 Fairly effective 386 3 Not very effective 189 4 Not effective at all 31 5 Can't say 110 [v1_17] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the state control over municipalities How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the state control over municipalities 1029 1 5 2.82 1.147 1 Very effective 88 2 Fairly effective 380 3 Not very effective 333 4 Not effective at all 86 5 Can't say 142 [v1_18] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the state supervision over municipalities How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the state supervision over municipalities 1029 1 5 3.17 1.086 1 Very effective 58 2 Fairly effective 224 3 Not very effective 366 4 Not effective at all 246 5 Can't say 135 [v1_19] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Improving the inhabitants' possibilities to influence How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Improving the inhabitants' possibilities to influence 1029 1 5 2.22 1.072 1 Very effective 271 2 Fairly effective 432 3 Not very effective 220 4 Not effective at all 43 5 Can't say 63 [v2_1] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising municipal tax rate How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising municipal tax rate 1029 1 4 2.36 .672 1 Completely acceptable 89 2 Somewhat acceptable 500 3 Not acceptable at all 416 4 Can't say 24 [v2_2] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Borrowing/increasing borrowing How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Borrowing/increasing borrowing 1029 1 4 2.48 .638 1 Completely acceptable 42 2 Somewhat acceptable 492 3 Not acceptable at all 456 4 Can't say 39 [v2_3] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Cutting down/reducing municipal services How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Cutting down/reducing municipal services 1029 1 4 2.28 .719 1 Completely acceptable 128 2 Somewhat acceptable 518 3 Not acceptable at all 349 4 Can't say 34 [v2_4] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Privatising municipal services How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Privatising municipal services 1029 1 4 2.07 .827 1 Completely acceptable 262 2 Somewhat acceptable 496 3 Not acceptable at all 213 4 Can't say 58 [v2_5] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising the general level of usage/service fees How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising the general level of usage/service fees 1029 1 4 2.29 .716 1 Completely acceptable 127 2 Somewhat acceptable 510 3 Not acceptable at all 361 4 Can't say 31 [v2_6] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Selling municipal property How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Selling municipal property 1029 1 4 2.05 .832 1 Completely acceptable 277 2 Somewhat acceptable 484 3 Not acceptable at all 212 4 Can't say 56 [v2_7] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing/postponing construction investments, etc. How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing/postponing construction investments, etc. 1029 1 4 1.89 .820 1 Completely acceptable 368 2 Somewhat acceptable 443 3 Not acceptable at all 179 4 Can't say 39 [v2_8] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Consolidation of municipalities/merging municipalities into larger entities How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Consolidation of municipalities/merging municipalities into larger entities 1029 1 4 2.09 .917 1 Completely acceptable 310 2 Somewhat acceptable 400 3 Not acceptable at all 238 4 Can't say 81 [v2_9] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the co-operation between municipalities without consolidations How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the co-operation between municipalities without consolidations 1029 1 4 1.75 .919 1 Completely acceptable 508 2 Somewhat acceptable 358 3 Not acceptable at all 76 4 Can't say 87 [v2_10] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of municipal employees by firing them How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of municipal employees by firing them 1029 1 4 2.40 .740 1 Completely acceptable 113 2 Somewhat acceptable 435 3 Not acceptable at all 436 4 Can't say 45 [v2_11] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of administrative employees How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of administrative employees 1029 1 4 1.81 .751 1 Completely acceptable 374 2 Somewhat acceptable 501 3 Not acceptable at all 125 4 Can't say 29 [v2_12] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of service provision employees How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of service provision employees 1029 1 4 2.55 .666 1 Completely acceptable 55 2 Somewhat acceptable 396 3 Not acceptable at all 532 4 Can't say 46 [v2_13] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Laying off employees How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Laying off employees 1029 1 4 2.41 .706 1 Completely acceptable 97 2 Somewhat acceptable 452 3 Not acceptable at all 445 4 Can't say 35 [v2_14] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing employees' salaries/increasing their working hours How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing employees' salaries/increasing their working hours 1029 1 4 2.44 .732 1 Completely acceptable 114 2 Somewhat acceptable 386 3 Not acceptable at all 494 4 Can't say 35 [v2_15] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of elected officials/bodies How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of elected officials/bodies 1029 1 4 1.98 .846 1 Completely acceptable 313 2 Somewhat acceptable 488 3 Not acceptable at all 163 4 Can't say 65 [v2_16] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Applying the principle of accountability in municipal offices and departments How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Applying the principle of accountability in municipal offices and departments 1029 1 4 1.74 .921 1 Completely acceptable 509 2 Somewhat acceptable 368 3 Not acceptable at all 59 4 Can't say 93 [v2_17] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the state control over municipalities How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the state control over municipalities 1029 1 4 2.12 .954 1 Completely acceptable 281 2 Somewhat acceptable 482 3 Not acceptable at all 132 4 Can't say 134 [v2_18] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the state supervision over municipalities How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the state supervision over municipalities 1029 1 4 2.51 .858 1 Completely acceptable 120 2 Somewhat acceptable 394 3 Not acceptable at all 385 4 Can't say 130 [v2_19] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Improving the inhabitants' possibilities to influence How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Improving the inhabitants' possibilities to influence 1029 1 4 1.46 .780 1 Completely acceptable 684 2 Somewhat acceptable 264 3 Not acceptable at all 29 4 Can't say 52 [v3_1] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Everyone can influence matters in his/her municipality of residence if he/she wants to To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Everyone can influence matters in his/her municipality of residence if he/she wants to 1029 1 5 2.41 .984 1 Strongly agree 194 2 Agree 390 3 Disagree 293 4 Strongly disagree 138 5 Can't say 14 [v3_2] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The growth of municipal administration has exceeded the citizens' liquidity To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The growth of municipal administration has exceeded the citizens' liquidity 1029 1 5 1.87 1.019 1 Strongly agree 417 2 Agree 462 3 Disagree 74 4 Strongly disagree 18 5 Can't say 58 [v3_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal managers and mayors should be elected for a fixed term To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal managers and mayors should be elected for a fixed term 1029 1 5 1.55 .894 1 Strongly agree 647 2 Agree 267 3 Disagree 65 4 Strongly disagree 27 5 Can't say 23 [v3_4] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal managers and mayors should be elected by direct vote To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal managers and mayors should be elected by direct vote 1029 1 5 2.10 1.129 1 Strongly agree 396 2 Agree 305 3 Disagree 201 4 Strongly disagree 84 5 Can't say 43 [v3_5] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: There are far too many municipalities in our country To what extent do you agree with the following statement: There are far too many municipalities in our country 1029 1 5 2.55 1.294 1 Strongly agree 252 2 Agree 309 3 Disagree 245 4 Strongly disagree 94 5 Can't say 129 [v3_6] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The number of municipalities should be reduced by forced consolidations in order to improve the financial situation of municipalities and municipal services To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The number of municipalities should be reduced by forced consolidations in order to improve the financial situation of municipalities and municipal services 1029 1 5 2.71 1.201 1 Strongly agree 175 2 Agree 311 3 Disagree 285 4 Strongly disagree 157 5 Can't say 101 [v3_7] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal consolidations are realised, they should be based on voluntariness To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal consolidations are realised, they should be based on voluntariness 1029 1 5 1.83 1.051 1 Strongly agree 485 2 Agree 362 3 Disagree 101 4 Strongly disagree 30 5 Can't say 51 [v3_8] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipalities with large population or area should be divided into several smaller municipalities To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipalities with large population or area should be divided into several smaller municipalities 1029 1 5 3.42 .931 1 Strongly agree 31 2 Agree 129 3 Disagree 342 4 Strongly disagree 429 5 Can't say 98 [v3_9] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Most departments offering municipal services would need more staff to be able to serve citizens better To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Most departments offering municipal services would need more staff to be able to serve citizens better 1029 1 5 2.92 1.063 1 Strongly agree 110 2 Agree 233 3 Disagree 377 4 Strongly disagree 247 5 Can't say 62 [v3_10] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: As many municipal departments as possible should be turned into business companies To what extent do you agree with the following statement: As many municipal departments as possible should be turned into business companies 1029 1 5 2.61 1.194 1 Strongly agree 172 2 Agree 394 3 Disagree 237 4 Strongly disagree 120 5 Can't say 106 [v3_11] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The pace and efficiency of work in municipal departments are at least as high as in other fields To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The pace and efficiency of work in municipal departments are at least as high as in other fields 1029 1 5 2.84 1.107 1 Strongly agree 113 2 Agree 308 3 Disagree 309 4 Strongly disagree 224 5 Can't say 75 [v3_12] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal offices and departments worked effectively without unnecessary bureaucracy, the number of municipal employees could be reduced to half To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal offices and departments worked effectively without unnecessary bureaucracy, the number of municipal employees could be reduced to half 1029 1 5 2.04 1.019 1 Strongly agree 334 2 Agree 449 3 Disagree 156 4 Strongly disagree 46 5 Can't say 44 [v3_13] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal taxation in Finland is not excessive in relation to the selection and quality of municipal services To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal taxation in Finland is not excessive in relation to the selection and quality of municipal services 1029 1 5 2.57 1.025 1 Strongly agree 111 2 Agree 450 3 Disagree 305 4 Strongly disagree 93 5 Can't say 70 [v3_14] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If it has to be done, it is better to raise the municipal tax rate than to cut down municipal services To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If it has to be done, it is better to raise the municipal tax rate than to cut down municipal services 1029 1 5 2.58 1.072 1 Strongly agree 158 2 Agree 365 3 Disagree 312 4 Strongly disagree 137 5 Can't say 57 [v3_15] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: In the future, municipalities should increase rather than cut down municipal services To what extent do you agree with the following statement: In the future, municipalities should increase rather than cut down municipal services 1029 1 5 2.79 1.065 1 Strongly agree 103 2 Agree 321 3 Disagree 371 4 Strongly disagree 153 5 Can't say 81 [v3_16] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal services should be allocated only to inhabitants who cannot afford to pay for private services To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal services should be allocated only to inhabitants who cannot afford to pay for private services 1029 1 5 2.46 1.117 1 Strongly agree 224 2 Agree 344 3 Disagree 275 4 Strongly disagree 134 5 Can't say 52 [v3_17] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It makes no difference whether municipal services are provided by the municipality itself or private companies, as long as the inhabitants have access to the services they need To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It makes no difference whether municipal services are provided by the municipality itself or private companies, as long as the inhabitants have access to the services they need 1029 1 5 2.49 1.131 1 Strongly agree 197 2 Agree 395 3 Disagree 249 4 Strongly disagree 116 5 Can't say 72 [v3_18] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal self-government is a fundamental value for Finns, and it should not be undermined in any circumstances To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal self-government is a fundamental value for Finns, and it should not be undermined in any circumstances 1029 1 5 2.25 1.156 1 Strongly agree 282 2 Agree 428 3 Disagree 187 4 Strongly disagree 44 5 Can't say 88 [v3_19] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Local government could be abolished in municipalities where there is already enough service provision To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Local government could be abolished in municipalities where there is already enough service provision 1029 1 5 3.12 1.055 1 Strongly agree 64 2 Agree 209 3 Disagree 406 4 Strongly disagree 235 5 Can't say 115 [v3_20] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Finnish membership in the European Community would be a threat to the future of my municipality of residence To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Finnish membership in the European Community would be a threat to the future of my municipality of residence 1029 1 5 3.15 1.145 1 Strongly agree 104 2 Agree 176 3 Disagree 325 4 Strongly disagree 305 5 Can't say 119 [v3_21] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It would be desirable if Finland joined the European Community from the viewpoint of my municipality of residence and the living conditions of its inhabitants To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It would be desirable if Finland joined the European Community from the viewpoint of my municipality of residence and the living conditions of its inhabitants 1029 1 5 2.75 1.303 1 Strongly agree 188 2 Agree 324 3 Disagree 219 4 Strongly disagree 153 5 Can't say 145 [v3_22] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It would be a positive thing if more foreigners moved to my municipality of residence to live and work there To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It would be a positive thing if more foreigners moved to my municipality of residence to live and work there 1029 1 5 3.08 1.045 1 Strongly agree 80 2 Agree 225 3 Disagree 316 4 Strongly disagree 349 5 Can't say 59 [v3_23] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: All Finnish municipalities should decidedly refuse to take any more refugees To what extent do you agree with the following statement: All Finnish municipalities should decidedly refuse to take any more refugees 1029 1 5 2.76 1.184 1 Strongly agree 190 2 Agree 229 3 Disagree 317 4 Strongly disagree 221 5 Can't say 72 [v3_24] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Delegating municipal services to private companies or other private bodies would increase the effectiviness of the services and save the costs To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Delegating municipal services to private companies or other private bodies would increase the effectiviness of the services and save the costs 1029 1 5 2.39 1.145 1 Strongly agree 207 2 Agree 463 3 Disagree 201 4 Strongly disagree 65 5 Can't say 93 [v3_25] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal services were privatised, inequality and insecurity among inhabitants would increase To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal services were privatised, inequality and insecurity among inhabitants would increase 1029 1 5 2.64 1.180 1 Strongly agree 160 2 Agree 369 3 Disagree 301 4 Strongly disagree 80 5 Can't say 119 [v3_26] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If Finnish municipalities are not streamlined and their economy hard-handedly reorganised soon, the majority of them will end up in a state of bankruptcy before long To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If Finnish municipalities are not streamlined and their economy hard-handedly reorganised soon, the majority of them will end up in a state of bankruptcy before long 1029 1 5 2.30 1.149 1 Strongly agree 245 2 Agree 464 3 Disagree 186 4 Strongly disagree 38 5 Can't say 96 [v3_27] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Local democracy would not suffer even if half of municipal elected bodies (e.g. boards) were abolished To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Local democracy would not suffer even if half of municipal elected bodies (e.g. boards) were abolished 1029 1 5 2.31 1.158 1 Strongly agree 270 2 Agree 392 3 Disagree 228 4 Strongly disagree 54 5 Can't say 85 [v4_1] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Maintenance of parks and recreation areas If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Maintenance of parks and recreation areas 1029 1 4 2.19 .599 1 A lot 91 2 Somewhat 668 3 Not at all 255 4 Can't say 15 [v4_2] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Public transport services If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Public transport services 1029 1 4 2.59 .616 1 A lot 36 2 Somewhat 389 3 Not at all 570 4 Can't say 34 [v4_3] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Support of business life If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Support of business life 1029 1 4 2.22 .799 1 A lot 177 2 Somewhat 511 3 Not at all 278 4 Can't say 63 [v4_4] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Support of housing production If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Support of housing production 1029 1 4 2.50 .674 1 A lot 59 2 Somewhat 445 3 Not at all 479 4 Can't say 46 [v4_5] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Sports, exercise and outdoor recreation possibilities and services If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Sports, exercise and outdoor recreation possibilities and services 1029 1 4 2.02 .702 1 A lot 230 2 Somewhat 561 3 Not at all 225 4 Can't say 13 [v4_6] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Salaries of municipal officials and employees If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Salaries of municipal officials and employees 1029 1 4 2.11 .734 1 A lot 189 2 Somewhat 577 3 Not at all 225 4 Can't say 38 [v4_7] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: School services If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: School services 1029 1 4 2.66 .568 1 A lot 37 2 Somewhat 292 3 Not at all 687 4 Can't say 13 [v4_8] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Child day care If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Child day care 1029 1 4 2.76 .506 1 A lot 23 2 Somewhat 213 3 Not at all 777 4 Can't say 16 [v4_9] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Elderly care If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Elderly care 1029 1 4 2.85 .414 1 A lot 15 2 Somewhat 129 3 Not at all 876 4 Can't say 9 [v4_10] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Minimum income guarantee (formerly social welfare) If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Minimum income guarantee (formerly social welfare) 1029 1 4 2.38 .696 1 A lot 96 2 Somewhat 477 3 Not at all 424 4 Can't say 32 [v4_11] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Street maintenance and lighting If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Street maintenance and lighting 1029 1 4 2.10 .622 1 A lot 144 2 Somewhat 649 3 Not at all 227 4 Can't say 9 [v4_12] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Municipal health centre services If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Municipal health centre services 1029 1 4 2.60 .585 1 A lot 34 2 Somewhat 363 3 Not at all 614 4 Can't say 18 [v4_13] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Library services If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Library services 1029 1 4 2.32 .669 1 A lot 91 2 Somewhat 546 3 Not at all 365 4 Can't say 27 [v4_14] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Environmental protection If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Environmental protection 1029 1 4 2.57 .623 1 A lot 44 2 Somewhat 385 3 Not at all 571 4 Can't say 29 [v4_15] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Culture services, e.g. theatres If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Culture services, e.g. theatres 1029 1 4 2.02 .744 1 A lot 249 2 Somewhat 529 3 Not at all 228 4 Can't say 23 [v5_1] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Municipal manager/mayor How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Municipal manager/mayor 1029 1 5 1.95 1.061 1 Very much 388 2 Fairly much 455 3 Fairly little 109 4 Very little 6 5 Can't say 71 [v5_2] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Municipal officials How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Municipal officials 1029 1 5 2.33 1.001 1 Very much 159 2 Fairly much 549 3 Fairly little 218 4 Very little 33 5 Can't say 70 [v5_3] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Local/city council How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Local/city council 1029 1 5 1.97 1.049 1 Very much 367 2 Fairly much 474 3 Fairly little 107 4 Very little 14 5 Can't say 67 [v5_4] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Local/city government How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Local/city government 1029 1 5 1.83 1.024 1 Very much 435 2 Fairly much 468 3 Fairly little 56 4 Very little 3 5 Can't say 67 [v5_5] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Boards and directorates How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Boards and directorates 1029 1 5 2.55 .996 1 Very much 94 2 Fairly much 491 3 Fairly little 310 4 Very little 57 5 Can't say 77 [v5_6] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Banks How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Banks 1029 1 5 2.09 1.104 1 Very much 338 2 Fairly much 437 3 Fairly little 156 4 Very little 23 5 Can't say 75 [v5_7] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Industrial and other enterprises How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Industrial and other enterprises 1029 1 5 2.58 1.087 1 Very much 128 2 Fairly much 430 3 Fairly little 313 4 Very little 60 5 Can't say 98 [v5_8] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Regional/local newspapers How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Regional/local newspapers 1029 1 5 2.95 .930 1 Very much 36 2 Fairly much 287 3 Fairly little 473 4 Very little 157 5 Can't say 76 [v5_9] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Political parties' local organisations How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Political parties' local organisations 1029 1 5 2.90 1.039 1 Very much 54 2 Fairly much 338 3 Fairly little 405 4 Very little 121 5 Can't say 111 [v5_10] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Entrepreneur organisations How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Entrepreneur organisations 1029 1 5 3.05 .935 1 Very much 16 2 Fairly much 258 3 Fairly little 526 4 Very little 112 5 Can't say 117 [v5_11] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Trade unions How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Trade unions 1029 1 5 2.89 .976 1 Very much 63 2 Fairly much 275 3 Fairly little 485 4 Very little 120 5 Can't say 86 [v5_12] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Agricultural producer organisations How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Agricultural producer organisations 1029 1 5 2.97 1.011 1 Very much 55 2 Fairly much 275 3 Fairly little 440 4 Very little 160 5 Can't say 99 [v5_13] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Church/congregations How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Church/congregations 1029 1 5 3.07 .915 1 Very much 37 2 Fairly much 216 3 Fairly little 487 4 Very little 218 5 Can't say 71 [v5_14] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Sports clubs How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Sports clubs 1029 1 5 3.32 .879 1 Very much 21 2 Fairly much 149 3 Fairly little 412 4 Very little 374 5 Can't say 73 [v5_15] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Residents' associations/village committees How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Residents' associations/village committees 1029 1 5 3.36 .821 1 Very much 16 2 Fairly much 105 3 Fairly little 478 4 Very little 355 5 Can't say 75 [v5_16] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Various single issues groups, e.g. conservationists How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Various single issues groups, e.g. conservationists 1029 1 5 3.46 .787 1 Very much 12 2 Fairly much 82 3 Fairly little 432 4 Very little 430 5 Can't say 73 [v5_17] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Local state authorities How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Local state authorities 1029 1 5 2.74 1.056 1 Very much 76 2 Fairly much 404 3 Fairly little 362 4 Very little 81 5 Can't say 106 [v5_18] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Inhabitants of the municipality How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Inhabitants of the municipality 1029 1 5 3.40 .768 1 Very much 13 2 Fairly much 86 3 Fairly little 457 4 Very little 419 5 Can't say 54 [v5b_1] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Municipal manager/mayor Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Municipal manager/mayor 1029 0 1 .41 .491 0 Not mentioned 611 1 Mentioned 418 [v5b_2] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Municipal officials Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Municipal officials 1029 0 1 .29 .455 0 Not mentioned 728 1 Mentioned 301 [v5b_3] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Local/city council Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Local/city council 1029 0 1 .26 .439 0 Not mentioned 761 1 Mentioned 268 [v5b_4] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Local/city government Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Local/city government 1029 0 1 .30 .457 0 Not mentioned 723 1 Mentioned 306 [v5b_5] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Boards and directorates Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Boards and directorates 1029 0 1 .10 .305 0 Not mentioned 922 1 Mentioned 107 [v5b_6] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Banks Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Banks 1029 0 1 .48 .500 0 Not mentioned 539 1 Mentioned 490 [v5b_7] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Industrial and other enterprises Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Industrial and other enterprises 1029 0 1 .11 .314 0 Not mentioned 915 1 Mentioned 114 [v5b_8] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Regional/local newspapers Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Regional/local newspapers 1029 0 1 .04 .189 0 Not mentioned 991 1 Mentioned 38 [v5b_9] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Political parties' local organisations Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Political parties' local organisations 1029 0 1 .12 .322 0 Not mentioned 908 1 Mentioned 121 [v5b_10] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Entrepreneur organisations Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Entrepreneur organisations 1029 0 1 .02 .124 0 Not mentioned 1013 1 Mentioned 16 [v5b_11] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Trade unions Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Trade unions 1029 0 1 .07 .258 0 Not mentioned 955 1 Mentioned 74 [v5b_12] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Agricultural producer organisations Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Agricultural producer organisations 1029 0 1 .06 .240 0 Not mentioned 966 1 Mentioned 63 [v5b_13] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Church/congregations Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Church/congregations 1029 0 1 .05 .219 0 Not mentioned 977 1 Mentioned 52 [v5b_14] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Sports clubs Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Sports clubs 1029 0 1 .04 .191 0 Not mentioned 990 1 Mentioned 39 [v5b_15] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Residents' associations/village committees Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Residents' associations/village committees 1029 0 1 .00 .062 0 Not mentioned 1025 1 Mentioned 4 [v5b_16] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Various single issues groups, e.g. conservationists Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Various single issues groups, e.g. conservationists 1029 0 1 .02 .131 0 Not mentioned 1011 1 Mentioned 18 [v5b_17] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Local state authorities Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Local state authorities 1029 0 1 .08 .271 0 Not mentioned 947 1 Mentioned 82 [v5b_18] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Inhabitants of the municipality Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Inhabitants of the municipality 1029 0 1 .00 .054 0 Not mentioned 1026 1 Mentioned 3 [v5c_1] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Municipal manager/mayor Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Municipal manager/mayor 1029 0 1 .02 .135 0 Not mentioned 1010 1 Mentioned 19 [v5c_2] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Municipal officials Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Municipal officials 1029 0 1 .05 .209 0 Not mentioned 982 1 Mentioned 47 [v5c_3] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Local/city council Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Local/city council 1029 0 1 .09 .281 0 Not mentioned 940 1 Mentioned 89 [v5c_4] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Local/city government Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Local/city government 1029 0 1 .02 .154 0 Not mentioned 1004 1 Mentioned 25 [v5c_5] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Boards and directorates Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Boards and directorates 1029 0 1 .09 .290 0 Not mentioned 934 1 Mentioned 95 [v5c_6] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Banks Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Banks 1029 0 1 .01 .098 0 Not mentioned 1019 1 Mentioned 10 [v5c_7] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Industrial and other enterprises Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Industrial and other enterprises 1029 0 1 .08 .266 0 Not mentioned 950 1 Mentioned 79 [v5c_8] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Regional/local newspapers Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Regional/local newspapers 1029 0 1 .05 .213 0 Not mentioned 980 1 Mentioned 49 [v5c_9] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Political parties' local organisations Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Political parties' local organisations 1029 0 1 .03 .168 0 Not mentioned 999 1 Mentioned 30 [v5c_10] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Entrepreneur organisations Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Entrepreneur organisations 1029 0 1 .16 .366 0 Not mentioned 865 1 Mentioned 164 [v5c_11] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Trade unions Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Trade unions 1029 0 1 .12 .329 0 Not mentioned 902 1 Mentioned 127 [v5c_12] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Agricultural producer organisations Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Agricultural producer organisations 1029 0 1 .07 .263 0 Not mentioned 952 1 Mentioned 77 [v5c_13] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Church/congregations Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Church/congregations 1029 0 1 .08 .275 0 Not mentioned 944 1 Mentioned 85 [v5c_14] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Sports clubs Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Sports clubs 1029 0 1 .09 .291 0 Not mentioned 933 1 Mentioned 96 [v5c_15] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Residents' associations/village committees Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Residents' associations/village committees 1029 0 1 .42 .494 0 Not mentioned 593 1 Mentioned 436 [v5c_16] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Various single issues groups, e.g. conservationists Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Various single issues groups, e.g. conservationists 1029 0 1 .27 .442 0 Not mentioned 755 1 Mentioned 274 [v5c_17] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Local state authorities Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Local state authorities 1029 0 1 .03 .160 0 Not mentioned 1002 1 Mentioned 27 [v5c_18] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Inhabitants of the municipality Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Inhabitants of the municipality 1029 0 1 .70 .460 0 Not mentioned 313 1 Mentioned 716 [bv1] Respondent's gender Respondent's gender 1029 1 2 1.48 .500 1 Female 533 2 Male 496 [bv2] Respondent's age (categorised at FSD) Respondent's age (categorised at FSD) 1029 1 16 5.70 3.398 [bv3] Respondent's basic education Respondent's basic education 1029 1 4 1.92 .825 1 Primary education or less, 2-3 yrs of lower secondary 383 2 Lower secondary education 350 3 Upper secondary education (matriculation examination) 287 4 Other 9 [bv4] Respondent's vocational education Respondent's vocational education 1029 1 6 2.59 1.342 1 No vocational education 296 2 Vocational course or equivalent 207 3 Vocational school or equivalent 258 4 College level vocational education 170 5 University education 84 6 Other 14 [bv5] Within which of the following income brackets does your gross household income fall (total income of all household members before taxes)? Within which of the following income brackets does your gross household income fall (total income of all household members before taxes)? 1029 1 11 4.92 3.219 1 Under 60,000 FIM/year or under 5,000 FIM/month 139 2 60,001-90,000 FIM/year or 5,001-7,500 FIM/month 128 3 90,001-120,000 FIM/year or 7,501-10,000 FIM/month 170 4 120,001-150,000 FIM/year or 10,001-12,500 FIM/month 134 5 150,001-180,000 FIM/year or 12,501-15,000 FIM/month 99 6 180,001-210,000 FIM/year or 15,001-17,500 FIM/month 88 7 210,001-240,000 FIM/year or 17,501-20,000 FIM/month 53 8 240,001-270,000 FIM/year or 20,001-22,500 FIM/month 31 9 270,001-300,000 FIM/year or 22,501-25,000 FIM/month 23 10 Over 300,000 FIM/year or over 25,000 FIM/month 35 11 No answer 129 [bv6_1] Number of persons aged over 16 in the household (top-coded at FSD) Number of persons aged over 16 in the household (top-coded at FSD) 1016 1 4 2.00 .826 1 282 2 522 3 146 4 4 or more 66 SYSMISS 13 [bv6_2] Number of persons aged 7-16 in the household (top-coded at FSD) Number of persons aged 7-16 in the household (top-coded at FSD) 1016 0 3 .38 .702 0 748 1 169 2 83 3 3 or more 16 SYSMISS 13 [bv6_3] Number of persons aged under 7 in the household (top-coded at FSD) Number of persons aged under 7 in the household (top-coded at FSD) 1016 0 3 .25 .601 0 839 1 109 2 58 3 3 or more 10 SYSMISS 13 [bv6_4] Total number of persons in the household (top-coded at FSD) Total number of persons in the household (top-coded at FSD) 1029 1 6 2.68 1.416 1 251 2 295 3 179 4 187 5 74 6 6 or more 43 [bv7] Respondent's household composition Respondent's household composition 1029 1 7 4.06 1.886 1 Single, living with parents 144 2 Single, aged under 35 106 3 Single, aged 35 or over 144 4 Married/cohabiting, no children 117 5 Married/cohabiting, child(ren) 329 6 Single parent/adult, living with children 47 7 Couple, children do not live at home 142 [bv8_1] Economic activity and occupational status of the household head (the person with the highest income) Economic activity and occupational status of the household head (the person with the highest income) 1029 1 8 4.58 1.704 1 Farmer, agricultural entrepreneur 59 2 Other employer, self-employed, own account worker 75 3 Higher managerial employee 142 4 Lower managerial or professional employee 146 5 Worker 290 6 Pensioner/retired 214 7 Student 62 8 Other 41 [bv8_2] (IF RETIRED) Former economic activity and occupational status of the household head (the person with the highest income) (IF RETIRED) Former economic activity and occupational status of the household head (the person with the highest income) 214 1 8 4.13 2.092 1 Farmer, agricultural entrepreneur 38 2 Other employer, self-employed, own account worker 11 3 Higher managerial employee 25 4 Lower managerial or professional employee 35 5 Worker 77 6 Pensioner/retired 0 7 Student 0 8 Other 28 SYSMISS 815 [bv9] Type of neighbourhood where the respondent lives Type of neighbourhood where the respondent lives 1029 1 5 3.18 1.216 1 Capital area 158 2 Turku, Tampere 52 3 Other city/town 427 4 Population centre in a rural area 233 5 Sparsely populated rural area 159 [bv10] Respondent's province of residence Respondent's province of residence 1029 1 11 4.70 3.306 1 Uusimaa 243 2 Turku and Pori 129 3 Häme 150 4 Kymi 45 5 Mikkeli 32 6 Kuopio 82 7 Central Finland 68 8 Vaasa 108 9 North Karelia 53 10 Oulu 75 11 Lapland 44 [bv11] Respondent's economic activity and occupational status Respondent's economic activity and occupational status 1029 1 12 5.65 2.512 1 Higher managerial occupations (salaried) 28 2 Lower managerial and professional occupations 67 3 Administrative, clerical, secretarial occupations 129 4 Worker 242 5 Large or small employer, own account worker 59 6 Farmer 44 7 Student, pupil 148 8 Pensioner/retired 206 9 Housewife 32 10 Unemployed 53 11 Other 19 12 No answer 2 [bv12] Respondent's employer type Respondent's employer type 1029 1 6 3.18 1.837 1 Private company 340 2 Municipality/municipal federation 120 3 Government/state/state-owned company 69 4 Other 51 5 Not in employment 414 6 No answer 35 [bv13] Which political party or group did you vote for in the last parliamentary elections? Which political party or group did you vote for in the last parliamentary elections? 960 1 22 8.19 8.043 1 Centre Party of Finland (KESK) 180 2 Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) 173 3 National Coalition Party (KOK) 137 4 Left Alliance (VAS) 39 5 Swedish People's Party in Finland (RKP) 16 6 Green League (VIHR) 59 7 Christian League of Finland (SKL) 28 8 Finnish Rural Party (SMP) 21 9 Liberal Party (LKP) 6 10 Ecological Party (EKO) 5 11 Party for Pensioners and Green Mutual Responsibility (EVY) 3 12 Humanity Party (IPU) 2 13 Women's Movement (NAISL) 1 14 For Peace and Socialism - Communist Workers' Party (KTP) 5 15 Constitutional Party of Finland (POP) 1 16 Finnish Pensioner's Party (SEP) 2 17 Independent Pensioners of Finland (RSES) 3 18 Some other group 2 19 Didn't vote 145 20 Can't say 26 21 Don't want to say 15 22 91 SYSMISS 69 [bv14] If the municipal elections were held now, which political party or group would you vote for? If the municipal elections were held now, which political party or group would you vote for? 960 1 13 6.05 4.512 1 Centre Party of Finland (KESK) 144 2 Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) 181 3 National Coalition Party (KOK) 136 4 Left Alliance (VAS) 31 5 Swedish People's Party in Finland (RKP) 12 6 Green League (VIHR) 87 7 Christian League of Finland (SKL) 31 8 Finnish Rural Party (SMP) 13 9 Liberal Party (LKP) 4 10 Some other party 17 11 Wouldn't vote 85 12 Can't say 121 13 Don't want to say 98 SYSMISS 69 [bv15] If the municipal elections were held now, which political party or group would be your second choice? If the municipal elections were held now, which political party or group would be your second choice? 960 1 13 8.17 4.281 1 Centre Party of Finland (KESK) 75 2 Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) 80 3 National Coalition Party (KOK) 74 4 Left Alliance (VAS) 32 5 Swedish People's Party in Finland (RKP) 22 6 Green League (VIHR) 111 7 Christian League of Finland (SKL) 28 8 Finnish Rural Party (SMP) 19 9 Liberal Party (LKP) 13 10 Some other party 21 11 Wouldn't vote 140 12 Can't say 218 13 Don't want to say 127 SYSMISS 69 [kk] The respondent's municipality of residence The respondent's municipality of residence 1029 5 989 385.12 293.987