FSD3217 European Social Survey 2016: Finnish Data
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Study title
European Social Survey 2016: Finnish Data
Dataset ID Number
FSD3217
Persistent identifier
urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3217Data Type
Quantitative
Authors
- Fitzgerald, Rory (City University. ESS ERIC Headquarters)
- ESS Core Scientific Team
- Ervasti, Heikki (University of Turku. Department of Social Research)
Other Identification/Acknowledgements
- Jokinen, Marika (Statistics Finland)
- Potila, Anna-Kaarina (Statistics Finland)
- Djerf, Kari (Statistics Finland)
- Salonen, Riku (Statistics Finland)
Abstract
The data charted attitudes, beliefs and behaviour of Finnish citizens. The survey consists of a core module repeated each collection round and rotating modules on different themes. The special themes of the 2016 collection round were climate change and well-being. The Finnish survey is funded by the Academy of Finland.
The first questions pertained to mass media, social trust (e.g. "Can people be trusted?"; "Do people help each other or only work for their own benefit?"), party preference and political participation in the previous 12 months, the state of Finnish society, national identity and European integration, immigration and multiculturalism, adoption rights of same-sex couples, and trust in institutions and decision-making bodies, such as the Parliament, the police, and the United Nations.
Views on well-being and equality were charted with questions about happiness, social relations, safety, and health. The respondents were also asked if they found themselves religious or part of a discriminated-against group, and the reasons for their discrimination were examined. It was also asked if the respondents felt that immigrants should be allowed or denied access to the country based on a variety of reasons (e.g. they had an education, they were Christian, their expertise was sought-after). Attitudes toward asylum seekers were also studied.
Views on climate change and global warming were charted with questions regarding energy efficient home appliances, energy consumption, energy availability and different energy sources, the effects of climate change, and actions required for hindering climate change.
The next theme pertained to society. Questions covered the acceptability of income disparity, the number of unemployed people, the standard of living that the unemployed and the retired have, social security benefits (their cost, their effect on equality in Finland, and if they make people lazy or unwilling to help each other), and the rights of immigrants. Some questions examined attitudes toward unemployment benefits and if they should be denied from unemployed persons who would not accept a job if offered to them. It was also asked whether a universal basic income system should be employed, and if the respondent would vote for or against a EU membership if a referendum were held.
The respondents' sociodemographic background information was charted thoroughly in this study. Among other things, they were asked about household composition, gender, age, marital status, type of residential area, the respondents' and their spouses' and parents' education level and occupation, household net income, and possible trade union membership.
One set of questions charted the respondents' values with 21 attitudinal statements based on the Schwartz Human Values Scale, and finally, the functionality of the survey and the response scales was examined with a set of test questions.
Keywords
climate change; discrimination; energy; national identity; religion; social exclusion; social security benefits; trust; values; well-being (health)
Topic Classification
- Social sciences (Fields of Science Classification)
- Political behaviour and attitudes (CESSDA Topic Classification)
- Cultural and national identity (CESSDA Topic Classification)
- Social behaviour and attitudes (CESSDA Topic Classification)
Series
ESS (European Social Survey)Distributor
Finnish Social Science Data Archive
Original Archive
Sikt - Norwegian Agency for Shared Services in Education and Research. Data Archive and distributor of ESS data for ESS ERIC.
Access
The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.
Data Collector
- Statistics Finland
Time Period Covered
2016
Collection Dates
2016-09-15 – 2017-03-08
Nation
Finland
Geographical Coverage
Finland
Analysis/Observation Unit Type
Individual
Universe
People aged 15 and over living in private residences in Finland, regardless of nationality (excluding people residing in institutions or abroad)
Time Method
Longitudinal: Trend/Repeated cross-section
Sampling Procedure
Probability: Systematic random
For the sample of the 8th round of the ESS, 3,400 people were systematically sampled from a sampling frame sorted by gender, place of residence and age. The probability of selection was the same for each unit of the target population and the sample drawn was self-weighting in respect of the selected implicit stratification variables. The sampling frame used in the study was Statistics Finland's population database, which is based on the Finnish central population register. The sampling frame excluded people who had participated in other recent survey studies conducted by Statistics Finland.
Collection Mode
Face-to-face interview: Computer-assisted (CAPI/CAMI)
Research Instrument
Structured questionnaire
Response Rate
57.67
Data File Language
Downloaded data package may contain different language versions of the same files.
The data files of this dataset are available in the following languages: Finnish.
FSD translates quantitative data into English on request, free of charge. More information on ordering data translation.
Data Version
1.0
Completeness of Data and Restrictions
Variables A1_tun, A3_tun, C21, C23, C28, and C30 were removed from the data, along with other open-ended "other, please specify"-type responses. The original id-variable and variables J1-J9 and N1-N5 with questions regarding the survey itself were also removed.
Weighting
The design weight is the same for all respondents, because the probability of selection was the same for each person in the sample. The final weight variables were calculated by a calibration method by using the CALMAR software developed by the French National Institute for Statistic and Economic Studies. The design weights were modified so that the known distributions of the population could be estimated without errors by using the so-called calibration weights. The following demographic factors were used in calibrating the weights: 1. Age and gender groups, 26 categories (5-year age groups by gender); 2. Mother tongue, three categories (Finnish and Sami; Swedish, Norwegian and Danish; others); 3. Regional State Administrative Agency areas categorised into six categories (capital area; elsewhere in Southern Finland; Southwestern Finland and the region of Åland; Eastern Finland; Western and Inland Finland; Northern Finland and Lapland); 4. Statistical grouping of municipalities, three categories (urban municipalities, semi-urban municipalities, rural municipalities).
Citation Requirement
The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.
Bibliographical Citation
Fitzgerald, Rory (City University) & ESS Core Scientific Team & Ervasti, Heikki (University of Turku): European Social Survey 2016: Finnish Data [dataset]. Version 1.0 (2018-02-09). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3217
Deposit Requirement
Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.
Special Terms and Conditions for Access
European Social Survey data is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
Disclaimer
The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.
Related Materials
Jokinen, Marika & Potila, Anna-Kaarina (2016). European Social Survey 2016. Arvot ja mielipiteet Suomessa. Työohjeet. Helsinki: Tilastokeskus.
ESS8 2016 Documentation Report (2017) [online]. ESS Data Archive. Edition 1.0. Norway: Norwegian Centre for Research Data. http://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/docs/round8/survey/ESS8_data_documentation_report_e01_0.pdf [cited 12.2.2018].
Aineistossa käytetty kansainvälinen ammattiluokitus: ISCO-08 kolminumerotasolla.
Related Publications
Vuorensyrjä, Matti & Fagerlund, Monica (2018). Poliisibarometri 2018. Kansalaisten arviot poliisin toiminnasta ja Suomen sisäisen turvallisuuden tilasta. Raportteja 130. Poliisiammattikorkeakoulu, Tampere. http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-815-344-6.
ESS8 2016 Documentation Report (2017) [online]. ESS Data Archive. Edition 1.0. Norway: Norwegian Centre for Research Data. http://www.europeansocialsurvey.org/docs/round8/survey/ESS8_data_documentation_report_e01_0.pdf [cited 12.2.2018].
Jokinen, Marika & Potila, Anna-Kaarina (2016). European Social Survey 2016. Arvot ja mielipiteet Suomessa. Työohjeet. Helsinki: Tilastokeskus.
Gustafsberg, Harri & Nyman, Markku (2018). Yksilöresilienssi ja yhteiskunnan turvallisuus. Tampere: Mentoritiimi.
Herranen, Liinu. 2019. Suomalaisten maahanmuuttoasenteet 2002-2016. Maahanmuuttoasenteiden muutokset sekä asenteisiin yhteydessä olevat tekijät. Itä-Suomen yliopisto.
Nurkkala, Pauli (2019). Sosioekonominen asema ja institutionaalinen luottamus. Jyväskylän yliopisto. Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja filosofian laitos. Kandidaatin tutkielma.
Mäkelä-Korhonen, Tiina (2019) Arjen valinnat osana ilmastotaistelua: Sosiodemografisten tekijöiden yhteys ilmastoasenteisiin ja kestävään energiankulutukseen. Pro gradu tutkielma Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto: Maatalous-metsätieteellinen tiedekunta, Taloustieteen laitos.
Tengström, Enna (2019). Iän, sukupuolen ja koetun terveyden yhteys suomalaisten poliittiseen osallistumiseen. Sosiaalipolitiikan kandidaatin tutkielma. Turun yliopisto.
Rekola, Aada (2020) Rakkautta yli luokkarajojen - Parisuhteiden muodostuminen eri yhteiskuntaluokkien välillä. Kandidaatin tutkielma. Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalitieteiden laitos.
Honkanen, Jenni (2020) Sosioekonomisen aseman yhteys suomalaisten maahanmuuttoasenteisiin. Kandidaatintutkielma. Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalitieteiden laitos.
Study description in machine readable DDI-C 2.5 format
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