Select variable

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[t1] Gender

[t3] Language

[t4] Age (in years)

[t5] Marital status

[t6] Number of adults in the household including yourself

[t7] Number of children under 18 years old in the household

[t8] How many children do you have, including those who are adults and those who do not live in your household?

[t9] What is your employment status?

[q1] Who is responsible for managing finances in your household?

[q2_1] Do you plan your or your household's income and expenses beforehand by creating a budget for the household or for yourself? Yes, I create a budget for the household on my own or with other household members

[q2_2] Do you plan your or your household's income and expenses beforehand by creating a budget for the household or for yourself? Yes, I create a personal budget for myself

[q2_3] Do you plan your or your household's income and expenses beforehand by creating a budget for the household or for yourself? I create a budget for the biggest expenses

[q2_4] Do you plan your or your household's income and expenses beforehand by creating a budget for the household or for yourself? I do not plan beforehand

[q2_5] Do you plan your or your household's income and expenses beforehand by creating a budget for the household or for yourself? Don't know

[q2_6] Do you plan your or your household's income and expenses beforehand by creating a budget for the household or for yourself? Didn't respond

[q3_1] What kinds of means do you use to plan and monitor your personal finances? I use online banking to monitor my account balance

[q3_2] What kinds of means do you use to plan and monitor your personal finances? I use online banking to monitor other personal finances (e.g. loans, investments, insurances)

[q3_3] What kinds of means do you use to plan and monitor your personal finances? I use other means to monitor my bank account balance

[q3_4] What kinds of means do you use to plan and monitor your personal finances? I use an online tool provided by my bank to plan my finances

[q3_5] What kinds of means do you use to plan and monitor your personal finances? I use my own method to keep record of income and expenses (for example, a notebook, Excel worksheet etc.)

[q3_6] What kinds of means do you use to plan and oversee your personal finances? I use personal advice services provided by my bank or other operator

[q3_7] What kinds of means do you use to plan and monitor your personal finances? Other, please specify

[q3_8] What kinds of means do you use to plan and monitor your personal finances? I don't use any of these means

[q3_9] What kinds of means do you use to plan and oversee your personal finances? Can't say

[q3_10] What kinds of means do you use to plan and oversee your personal finances? Didn't respond

[q3a] How often do you do the following? Use online banking to monitor my account balance

[q3b] How often do you do the following? Use online banking to monitor other personal finances (e.g. loans, investments, insurances)

[q3c] How often do you do the following? Use other means to monitor my bank account balance

[q3d] How often do you do the following? Use an online tool provided by my bank to plan my finances

[q3e] How often do you do the following? Use my own method to keep record of expenses and finances (for example, a notebook, Excel worksheet etc.)

[q3f] How often do you do the following? Use personal advice services provided by my bank or other operator

[q3g] How often do you do the following? Other, please specify

[q4_1] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Current account (disposal account)

[q4_2] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Time deposit account

[q4_3] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Savings account that offers higher interest than a current account (fixed-term account etc.)

[q4_4] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? PS account

[q4_5] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? ASP account

[q4_6] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Study loan

[q4_7] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Housing loan

[q4_8] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Credit card

[q4_9] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Consumer credit, including car loan

[q4_10] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Instant loans

[q4_11] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Investment fund

[q4_12] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Shares or stock / securities account

[q4_13] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Bonds investment / index loans

[q4_14] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Voluntary pension insurance

[q4_15] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Home insurance

[q4_16] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Travel insurance

[q4_17] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Accident insurance

[q4_18] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Life insurance (risk insurance)

[q4_19] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Life insurance (savings insurance)

[q4_20] Which of the following financial products do you currently have? Which of them have you had before? Medical expenses insurance

[q5a] Which of the following alternatives best describes how you have usually chosen: Deposit products

[q5b] Which of the following alternatives best describes how you have usually chosen: Housing loan

[q5c] Which of the following alternatives best describes how you have usually chosen: Investment fund

[q5d] Which of the following alternatives best describes how you have usually chosen: Consumer credit / instant loans

[q5e] Which of the following alternatives best describes how you have usually chosen: Insurance products

[q6a] What was the most important source of information when you were choosing: Deposit products

[q6b] What was the most important source of information when you were choosing: Housing loan

[q6c] What was the most important source of information when you were choosing: Investment fund

[q6d] What was the most important source of information when you were choosing: Consumer credit / instant loans

[q6e] What was the most important source of information when you were choosing: Insurance products

[q7_1] Do you think the following statement is true or false: Before buying something, you consider carefully whether you can afford it

[q7_2] Do you think the following statement is true or false: You live only for today and don't worry about tomorrow

[q7_3] Do you think the following statement is true or false: You get more pleasure from spending money right away than from saving for the future

[q7_4] Do you think the following statement is true or false: You pay your bills on time

[q7_5] Do you think the following statement is true or false: You are ready to lose some of your money when saving or investing, if there is a better chance of higher profits

[q7_6] Do you think the following statement is true or false: You monitor your personal finances carefully

[q7_7] Do you think the following statement is true or false: You set financial goals for the future and try to achieve them

[q7_8] Do you think the following statement is true or false: Money is for spending

[q7_9] Do you think the following statement is true or false: Before you sign a financial agreement, you read the terms and conditions carefully

[q7_10] Do you think the following statement is true or false: You like taking risks, and you don't try to shield yourself from hardships of life

[q8] It can happen, on occasion, that the funds at your disposal are not sufficient to cover expenses. Has this happened to you in the past 12 months?

[q9_1] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I deposited money from my savings to my current account

[q9_2] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I reduced my expenses or didn't spend at all

[q9_3] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I sold something I owned

[q9_4] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I worked overtime

[q9_5] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I took on temporary work

[q9_6] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I borrowed food or money from family or friends

[q9_7] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I borrowed money from my employer or received a salary advance

[q9_8] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I took things to a pawn shop

[q9_9] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I withdrew money from my pension insurance

[q9_10] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I overdrew my account

[q9_11] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I used a credit card

[q9_12] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I left bills unpaid

[q9_13] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I combined my existing loans

[q9_14] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I took a new loan from a bank

[q9_15] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I took a new instant loan

[q9_16] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I took a loan from an unofficial lender

[q9_17] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? I applied for social assistance

[q9_18] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? Other, please specify

[q9_19] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? Don't know/can't say

[q9_20] What did you do to make ends meet the last time your income did not cover your expenses? Doesn't want to answer

[q10_1] Have you used some of the following ways to save money in the past 12 months? Saved cash in your home or wallet

[q10_2] Have you used some of the following ways to save money in the past 12 months? Saved money to your current account

[q10_3] Have you used some of the following ways to save money in the past 12 months? Deposited money to some other account such as a savings account or a time deposit account

[q10_4] Have you used some of the following ways to save money in the past 12 months? Given money to a family member so that they can save it for you

[q10_5] Have you used some of the following ways to save money in the past 12 months? Invested money in shares/stock, funds, savings insurance or bonds

[q10_6] Have you used some of the following ways to save money in the past 12 months? Saved money in some other way

[q10_7] Have you used some of the following ways to save money in the past 12 months? Haven't actively saved money

[q10_8] Have you used some of the following ways to save money in the past 12 months? Can't say

[q10_9] Have you used some of the following ways to save money in the past 12 months? Didn't respond

[q11] If you lost your main source of income, how long would you be able to maintain your current lifestyle without borrowing money or moving house?

[q12a] How much of your net income, that is the income that is left after taxes and social contributions, do you save each month?

[q12b] How much of your net income goes into paying off loans and interest each month? Include housing loan and all other loans

[q13] How much easily disposable money do you think should be saved for a rainy day?

[q14] How much immediately disposable money do you currently have in your bank account?

[q15_1] Do you think the following statement is true or false: The purpose of insurance is to restore the insured to the same financial level as before the accident/damage

[q15_2] Do you think the following statement is true or false: Life insurance is necessary for all families with children or loans

[q15_3] Do you think the following statement is true or false: I can also save money with my life insurance

[q15_4] Do you think the following statement is true or false: A higher insurance deductible means lower insurance premiums

[q15_5] Do you think the following statement is true or false: There are many kinds of home insurances: limited, extensive and in different price ranges

[q15_6] Do you think the following statement is true or false: Taking out home insurance is worthwhile only for owner-occupied homes

[q15_7] Do you think the following statement is true or false: Home insurance compensates sudden increases in the price of electricity

[q15_8] Do you think the following statement is true or false: I pay for home insurance for five years, and there are no accidents or damages to my property. My insurance has been useless

[q16_1] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement? I know what my insurances cover

[q16_2] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement? I understand the contents and terms and conditions of different insurances

[q16_3] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statement? I can compare the features and premiums of different insurances with each other

[q17] After an accident or damage to your property has occured, when do you have to file a claim with the insurance company?

[q18] Does insurance always cover the cost of a new equivalent product, e.g. if an old bicycle is stolen, or is the replacement value of the bicycle compensated?

[q19] Let's say that your friend, who has taken out insurance from the same company as you have, exaggerates the damage that happened to them and receives a bigger compensation. How does this effect your insurance?

[q20] Are you currently or have you in the past been an entrepreneur, self-employed or an own-account worker? Which of the following describes your situation?

[q21] How long have you been or were you an entrepreneur, self-employed or an own-account worker? (in years)

[q22] How many businesses have you owned / co-owned? In this context, owning a business refers to being an entrepreneur, self-employed or an own-account worker rather than investing in shares/stock, being a member of a cooperative etc.

[q23] Do you have pension insurance for the self-employed (YEL insurance)?

[q24] How much is your annual YEL income, the income on which YEL insurance is based, which determines how much pension and social security you accumulate? If you don't know the exact sum, please give your best estimate. (in euros)

[q25] Have you reported your YEL income as...

[q26_1] Why have you reported your YEL income as lower than your actual income? The insurance premium would be too high with my actual income

[q26_2] Why have you reported your YEL income as lower than your actual income? I have private pension insurance

[q26_3] Why have you reported your YEL income as lower than your actual income? I use other means to save money for my pension

[q26_4] Why have you reported your YEL income as lower than your actual income? I estimated the income accumulated by my entrepreneurial activities wrong when taking out the insurance

[q26_5] Why have you reported your YEL income as lower than your actual income? My actual income has increased since I reported my YEL income

[q26_6] Why have you reported your YEL income as lower than your actual income? I don't think I will receive a pension that corresponds to the pension contributions

[q26_7] Why have you reported your YEL income as lower than your actual income? Other reason, please specify

[q26_8] Why have you reported your YEL income as lower than your actual income? Can't say

[q26_9] Why have you reported your YEL income as lower than your actual income? Didn't respond

[q27_1] Why have you reported your YEL income as higher than your actual income? I want to ensure a sufficient pension security

[q27_2] Why have you reported your YEL income as higher than your actual income? I want to ensure sufficient social security for myself

[q27_3] Why have you reported your YEL income as higher than your actual income? I estimated the income accumulated by my entrepreneurial activities wrong when taking out the insurance

[q27_4] Why have you reported your YEL income as higher than your actual income? My actual income has decreased since I reported my YEL income

[q27_5] Why have you reported your YEL income as higher than your actual income? My actual income is lower than the minimum limit for statutory YEL insurance

[q27_6] Why have you reported your YEL income as higher than your actual income? Other reason, please specify

[q27_7] Why have you reported your YEL income as higher than your actual income? Can't say

[q27_8] Why have you reported your YEL income as higher than your actual income? Didn't respond

[q28a_1] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through your YEL insurance? Old-age pension

[q28a_2] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through your YEL insurance? Disability pension

[q28a_3] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through your YEL insurance? Survivors' pension

[q28a_4] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through your YEL insurance? Accident insurance

[q28a_5] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through your YEL insurance? Liability insurance

[q28a_6] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through your YEL insurance? Sickness allowance

[q28b_1] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through statutory pension insurance? This includes benefits gained through both the national pension and earnings-related pension systems. Old-age pension

[q28b_2] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through statutory pension insurance? This includes benefits gained through both the national pension and earnings-related pension systems. Disability pension

[q28b_3] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through statutory pension insurance? This includes benefits gained through both the national pension and earnings-related pension systems. Survivors' pension

[q28b_4] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through statutory pension insurance? This includes benefits gained through both the national pension and earnings-related pension systems. Accident insurance

[q28b_5] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through statutory pension insurance? This includes benefits gained through both the national pension and earnings-related pension systems. Liability insurance

[q28b_6] Do you know which of the following benefits you are entitled to through statutory pension insurance? This includes benefits gained through both the national pension and earnings-related pension systems. Sickness allowance

[q29] Have you ever considered how much money in total you should save for retirement?

[q30] When you consider the level of pension you aim to have, do you feel...

[q31_1] Why do you feel you are not saving enough for retirement? I don't earn enough money

[q31_2] Why do you feel you are not saving enough for retirement? I want to spend my money now

[q31_3] Why do you feel you are not saving enough for retirement? I'm going to save more money in the future

[q31_4] Why do you feel you are not saving enough for retirement? I haven't thought about the issue

[q31_5] Why do you feel you are not saving enough for retirement? I'm not interested in financial affairs

[q31_6] Why do you feel you are not saving enough for retirement? Don't know/can't say

[q31_7] Why do you feel you are not saving enough for retirement? Didn't respond

[q32] At what age do you think a person should start planning for their retirement?

[q33_1] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? I have taken out a voluntary pension insurance

[q33_2] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? I use other means to save money for retirement

[q33_3] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? I'm going to keep working when I'm retired

[q33_4] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? I'm going to sell a house or an apartment

[q33_5] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? I'm going to sell a business

[q33_6] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? I'm going to sell some other property

[q33_7] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? I'm going to take out / have taken out a reverse mortgage

[q33_8] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? I'm going to rely on the help of my spouse, children or other relatives

[q33_9] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? My earnings-related pension is sufficient to cover my expenses during retirement, so I don't need to prepare otherwise

[q33_10] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? I haven't thought about the issue

[q33_11] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? Other, please specify

[q33_12] How have you prepared or are going to prepare for retirement? Didn't respond

[q33b] How much statutory pension do you estimate to receive per month once you retire? If you don't know the exact sum, please give your best estimate. (euros per month)

[q34a] How sure are you that you can maintain your desired standard of living in retirement?

[q34b] How well have you been able to maintain your desired standard of living in retirement?

[q35] Imagine that five brothers receive 1,000 euros as a gift. How much money would each brother get, if the money was divided equally between the brothers? (in euros)

[q36] You deposit 1,000 euros to your bank account. The annual interest rate is 1% and inflation rate 2%. No taxes are paid for the profits. In one year, can you buy more, less or the same amount as today with the money in the account?

[q37] Let's say that one night you lend your friend 25 euros, and they pay you back 25 euros the next day. What percentage of interest did they pay for their loan?

[q38_1] You deposit 100 euros to a savings account that has an annual interest rate of 2%. You don't use the account for a year. How much money is in the account at the end of the first year, interest included? (in euros)

[q38_2]You deposit 100 euros to a savings account that has an annual interest rate of 2%. You don't use the account for a year. How much money is in the account at the end of the first year, interest included? (in euros)

[q39] And how much money would be in the account in five years when the annual interest rate is 2% and taxes are not paid for the profits of the deposit?

[q40_1] Do you think the following statement is true or false: Investments that have high profits usually also have high risks

[q40_2] Do you think the following statement is true or false: High inflation equals rapid decrease of the cost of living

[q40_3] Do you think the following statement is true or false: Diversified investments constitute a higher risk for investment value decrease than a single investment

[q40_4] Do you think the following statement is true or false: Investment funds provide a secure profit which depends on past profits

[q40_5] Do you think the following statement is true or false: In the long run, the value of stocks fluctuates more than the value of bonds

[q40_6] Do you think the following statement is true or false: As the general interest rate increases, the value of bonds increases as well

[q41] In your opinion, which of the following statements is true?

[q42_1] Do you think the following statement is true or false: You can get a payment default entry right away if you don't pay bills by their due date

[q42_2] Do you think the following statement is true or false: You can lose your credit card if you get a payment default entry

[q42_3] Do you think the following statement is true or false: A payment default entry can make renting an apartment harder

[q42_4] Do you think the following statement is true or false: A potential employer can't find out whether you have a payment default entry

[q42_5] Do you think the following statement is true or false: A payment default entry can remain in the register for over 20 years

[q43] Have you had a payment default entry?

[q44] Which of the following alternatives best describes your current debt situation?

[q45_1] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Bank of Finland

[q45_2] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Court of Human Rights

[q45_3] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Finnish Financial Ombudsman Bureau (FINE)

[q45_4] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Insurance Court

[q45_5] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? District Court

[q45_6] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment (ELY)

[q45_7] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Consumer Advisory Service

[q45_8] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Consumer Disputes Board

[q45_9] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Finnish Competition and Consumer Authority

[q45_10] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Other, please specify

[q45_11] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Don't know/can't say

[q45_12] If you are not satisfied with a decision made by a bank or insurance company, and you can't agree on a solution with them, where can you appeal the decision? Didn't respond

[q46] How would you evaluate your ability to make good financial decisions for your household?

[q47_1] How satisfied are you at present with the following? Your financial circumstances

[q47_2] How satisfied are you at present with the following? Your life in general

[q48] Generally speaking, do you rather think that strangers can be trusted, or that you should be careful when dealing with strangers?

[q49_1] How much do you generally trust the following authorities? Banks

[q49_2] How much do you generally trust the following authorities? Insurance companies

[q49_3] How much do you generally trust the following authorities? Schools and teachers

[q49_4] How much do you generally trust the following authorities? The judiciary

[t10] Which of the following income brackets do you belong to? Please estimate your average annual personal gross income before taxes and including salaries and benefits

[t11] And which of the following income brackets does your household belong to? Please estimate the total average annual gross income of your household before taxes

[t12] What is the highest level of education you have attained?

[t13] And what is your housing tenure?

[bv8] Number of inhabitants in the respondent's municipality of residence

[bv9] Respondent's city of residence

[bv10] Degree of urbanisation of the municipality of residence

[bv11] Respondent's region of residence (NUTS3)

[bv44] Major region (NUTS 2)

[paino] Weight