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    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>DDI description: Multiple Rights to Study of Higher Education Students 2019</titl>
        <parTitl xml:lang="fi">DDI-kuvailu: Korkeakouluopiskelijoiden moninkertaiset opinto-oikeudet 2019</parTitl>
        <IDNo agency="FSD">3389</IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer abbr="FSD">Finnish Social Science Data Archive</producer>
        <copyright>Finnish Social Science Data Archive</copyright>
        <prodPlac>Finnish Social Science Data Archive</prodPlac>
      </prodStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version date="2020-06-29" type="mef_eng">1.0.0</version>
      </verStmt>
      <biblCit>Multiple Rights to Study of Higher Education Students 2019 [metadata]. Metadata version 1.0.0 (2020-06-29). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3389; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3389</biblCit>
      <holdings location="Finnish Social Science Data Archive FSD" URI="https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3389" />
    </citation>
    <notes xml:lang="fi">FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records), joiden tekijä on Suomen yhteiskuntatieteellinen tietoarkisto (Finnish Social Science Data Archive), on lisensoitu Creative Commons 1.0 Yleismaailmallinen (CC0 1.0) -lisenssillä.
      <ExtLink URI="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.fi" />
    </notes>
    <notes xml:lang="en">FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records) by Suomen yhteiskuntatieteellinen tietoarkisto (Finnish Social Science Data Archive) are licensed under a Creative Commons 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) license.
      <ExtLink URI="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en" />
    </notes>
    <notes xml:lang="sv">FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records) av Finlands samhällsvetenskapliga dataarkiv (Finnish Social Science Data Archive) är licensierade under en Creative Commons 1.0 Universiell (CC0 1.0) licens.
      <ExtLink URI="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.sv" />
    </notes>
  </docDscr>
  <stdyDscr>
    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>Multiple Rights to Study of Higher Education Students 2019</titl>
        <parTitl xml:lang="fi">Korkeakouluopiskelijoiden moninkertaiset opinto-oikeudet 2019</parTitl>
        <IDNo agency="FSD">3389</IDNo>
        <IDNo agency="URN">urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3389</IDNo>
        <IDNo agency="DOI">10.60686/t-fsd3389</IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <rspStmt>
        <AuthEnty>Research Foundation for Studies and Education (Otus)</AuthEnty>
      </rspStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer abbr="SYL">National Union of University Students in Finland</producer>
        <copyright>In accordance with the agreement between FSD and the depositor.</copyright>
      </prodStmt>
      <distStmt>
        <distrbtr abbr="FSD" URI="https://www.fsd.tuni.fi/">Finnish Social Science Data Archive</distrbtr>
        <distDate date="2020-09-17" />
      </distStmt>
      <serStmt ID="S8" URI="https://services.fsd.tuni.fi/catalogue/series/8?lang=en">
        <serName>Individual datasets</serName>
        <serInfo>
          <p>Individual datasets that do not belong to any series.</p>
        </serInfo>
      </serStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version date="2020-06-29" type="main_data">1.0</version>
      </verStmt>
      <biblCit>Research Foundation for Studies and Education (Otus): Multiple Rights to Study of Higher Education Students 2019 [dataset]. Data version 1.0 (2020-06-29). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3389; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3389</biblCit>
      <holdings location="Finnish Social Science Data Archive FSD" URI="https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3389" />
    </citation>
    <stdyInfo>
      <subject>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">education</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">educational certificates</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">graduates</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">higher education institutions</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">qualifications</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">tertiary education</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">upper secondary education</keyword>
        <topcClas vocab="OKM" vocabURI="http://www.yso.fi/onto/okm-tieteenala/conceptscheme">Social sciences</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.cessda.cv:TopicClassification:4.2.3">Higher and further education</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.cessda.cv:TopicClassification:4.2.3">Social and occupational mobility</topcClas>
      </subject>
      <abstract>
        <p>The survey charted the reasons and factors behind higher education students having multiple rights to study in tertiary education in Finland. In this study, the notion of multiple rights to study covers simultaneous, consecutive or unconnected (at several points in time) rights to study in higher education institutions. The study was funded by the National Union of University Students in Finland (SYL).</p>
        <p>First, the respondents' social background was charted with statements concerning, for example, whether their parents had always encouraged them to study, whether their relatives had higher education degrees and whether their family thought that studying in higher education required exceptional talent. The respondents were asked about their reasons for starting their first higher education studies (e.g. it was important for their parents that they applied to higher education, they didn't have a clear idea of what they wanted to study, their friends applied to the same higher education institution).</p>
        <p>Next, the respondents' reasons for acquiring a second right to study were examined. Reasons relating to studying included, for example, feeling that the first studies were too difficult and finding a more interesting field of study. Reasons relating to working life and employment included, among others, preferring to be a student over being unemployed and wanting to develop vocational or professional skills. Reasons relating to family, housing and life in general included, for example, feeling a strong calling to the new field of study and wanting to study in the same place where a spouse or partner lived.</p>
        <p>Finally, the respondents were asked whether they had more than two rights to study in higher education, how many study credits they had received during their entire higher education studies, and whether they had at present or in the past had a study right for postgraduate studies (doctoral studies) or in a higher education institution abroad. The respondents were also asked to what extent they agreed or disagreed with statements concerning various reasons for applying to higher education (e.g. supporting the welfare and well-being of others, parents' disappointment in not acquiring a higher education degree).</p>
        <p>Background variables included the respondent's gender, age group (categorised based on year of birth) and information on the respondent's upper secondary education. Additionally, the highest level of education of the respondent's parents as well as their occupation during the respondent's last year in basic education were charted.</p>
      </abstract>
      <sumDscr>
        <timePrd event="start" date="1950" />
        <timePrd event="end" date="2019" />
        <collDate event="start" date="2019-03-01" />
        <collDate event="end" date="2019-03-31" />
        <nation abbr="FI">Finland</nation>
        <geogCover>Finland</geogCover>
        <anlyUnit>Individual
          <concept vocab="DDI Analysis Unit" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:AnalysisUnit:2.1.3">Individual</concept>
        </anlyUnit>
        <universe clusion="I">Persons who were attending university students in March 2019 and who have had more than one right to study in higher education, with at least one right to study in Finnish higher education institutions</universe>
        <dataKind>Quantitative</dataKind>
      </sumDscr>
    </stdyInfo>
    <method>
      <dataColl>
        <timeMeth>Cross-section
          <concept vocab="DDI Time Method" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:TimeMethod:1.2.3">CrossSection</concept>
        </timeMeth>
        <dataCollector abbr="Otus" affiliation="Research Foundation for Studies and Education">Salminen, Tuukka</dataCollector>
        <dataCollector abbr="Otus" affiliation="Research Foundation for Studies and Education">Murto, Virve</dataCollector>
        <sampProc>Non-probability: Availability
          <concept vocab="DDI Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:SamplingProcedure:2.0.2">Nonprobability.Availability</concept>
        </sampProc>
        <sampProc>
          <p>An open link to the questionnaire was shared by the National Union of University Students in Finland (SYL) through student unions. The link was sent to higher education students registered as attending students. 786 respondents participated in the quantitative study, and 692 respondents consented to the archiving of the anonymised data at FSD.</p>
        </sampProc>
        <collMode>Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)
          <concept vocab="DDI Mode of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:ModeOfCollection:5.0.1">SelfAdministeredQuestionnaire.CAWI</concept>
        </collMode>
        <resInstru>Structured questionnaire
          <concept vocab="DDI Type of Instrument" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:TypeOfInstrument:1.1.2">Questionnaire.Structured</concept>
        </resInstru>
        <weight>The data contain a weight variable that weights the data to be representative of the presumed gender distribution in the population. The presumption is based on information on the gender distribution of higher education students between 2015 and 2017, received from the Finnish National Board of Education's Vipunen education statistics service.</weight>
      </dataColl>
      <stdyClas type="A">Detailed and specific data description in Finnish and English. The data are checked and processed in detail. If necessary, the data are anonymised.</stdyClas>
    </method>
    <dataAccs>
      <setAvail>
        <accsPlac URI="https://www.fsd.tuni.fi/">Finnish Social Science Data Archive</accsPlac>
        <complete>Open-ended responses were not delivered to FSD.</complete>
      </setAvail>
      <useStmt>
        <restrctn>The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.</restrctn>
        <citReq>The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.</citReq>
        <deposReq>Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.</deposReq>
        <disclaimer>The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.</disclaimer>
      </useStmt>
      <notes>To prevent identification of participants, the following variables were categorised by the researcher: t_2 denoting year of birth, a_5 denoting municipality of residence at the time of graduation from upper secondary education, a_7 denoting second upper secondary education degree, a_4, a_8, c_17, d_27, e_41 and f_46 denoting when the respondent started or completed their studies in upper secondary and higher education, and t_9ab and t_10ab denoting the highest level of education and occupation of the respondent's parents.</notes>
    </dataAccs>
    <othrStdyMat>
      <relMat>Salminen, Tuukka &amp; Murto, Virve (2019). Monta opinto-oikeutta: Tutkimus useamman opinto-oikeuden hankkimiseen johtaneista syistä ja tekijöistä [verkkodokumentti]. Opiskelun ja koulutuksen tutkimussäätiö Otus sr (6/2019). https://syl.fi/syl_moninkertaiset_opinto-oikeudet_raportti/ [viitattu 30.6.2020].</relMat>
      <relPubl xml:lang="fi">Salmi, Mari (2022). "Ahdistaa, tuntuu että muut pärjäävät ja itse en selviä". Opiskelijoiden kokema epävarmuus opintoalavalintaansa kohtaan. Kasvatustieteiden ja kulttuurin tiedekunnan pro gradu -tutkielma. Tampere: Tampereen yliopisto. https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202204273875
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>"Ahdistaa, tuntuu että muut pärjäävät ja itse en selviä". Opiskelijoiden kokema epävarmuus opintoalavalintaansa kohtaan.</titl>
            <IDNo agency="URN">URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202204273875</IDNo>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2022" />
          </distStmt>
          <holdings URI="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:tuni-202204273875" />
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
      <relPubl xml:lang="fi">Salminen, Tuukka &amp; Murto, Virve (2019). Monta opinto-oikeutta: Tutkimus useamman opinto-oikeuden hankkimiseen johtaneista syistä ja tekijöistä [verkkodokumentti]. Opiskelun ja koulutuksen tutkimussäätiö Otus sr (6/2019). https://syl.fi/syl_moninkertaiset_opinto-oikeudet_raportti/ [viitattu 30.6.2020].
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Monta opinto-oikeutta: Tutkimus useamman opinto-oikeuden hankkimiseen johtaneista syistä ja tekijöistä</titl>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2019" />
          </distStmt>
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
      <relPubl xml:lang="fi">Varpe, Beata (2025) Moninkertaiset kouluttautujat: Koulutusmotiivit toiseen korkeakoulututkintoon haettaessa. Pro gradu ‑tutkielma, Turun yliopisto.
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Moninkertaiset kouluttautujat: Koulutusmotiivit toiseen korkeakoulututkintoon haettaessa</titl>
            <IDNo agency="URN">URN:NBN:fi-fe20251209116229</IDNo>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2025" />
          </distStmt>
          <holdings URI="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe20251209116229" />
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
      <relPubl xml:lang="fi">Vikeväinen, Essi (2025). Korkeakouluopiskelijoiden moninkertaiset opinto-oikeudet 2019. Matemaattisten tieteiden tutkinto-ohjelman kandidaatintyö, Oulun Yliopisto.
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Korkeakouluopiskelijoiden moninkertaiset opinto-oikeudet 2019</titl>
            <IDNo agency="URN">URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202505223835</IDNo>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2025" />
          </distStmt>
          <holdings URI="urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202505223835" />
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