Study title

Citizens' Pulse 5/2022

Dataset ID Number

FSD3677

Persistent identifier

urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3677

Data Type

Quantitative

Authors

• Statistics Finland
• Prime Minister's Office

Abstract

The Citizens' Pulse surveys examine Finnish attitudes and opinions in the context of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). Main themes in the surveys include the activity and communication of authorities, compliance with regulations, future expectations, trust, and the respondents' own state of mind. This collection round also included questions about the Russian invasion of Ukraine and preparing for crisis situations.

The fifth collection round of 2022 surveyed the respondents' trust in various institutions (e.g. the Finnish Government, the health care system, the media, and the Finnish Defence Forces), as well as other people. The respondents' state of mind was examined with questions on various matters relating to health, well-being, and their situation in life. The questions covered, for example, the respondents' own mental well-being, whether they were worried about the adequacy of their income, their confidence in their future, experiences of stress and togetherness, and whether they felt their lives were meaningful. Additionally, the respondents were asked to evaluate whether an atmosphere of crisis prevailed amongst Finns.

The next set of questions focused on the Russian invasion of Ukraine and crisis situations in general. In relation to the Ukraine crisis, the respondents were, for example, asked about their sense of security, worries caused by the crisis and its possible impact on the Finnish economy and their own financial situation, and whether they were concerned that the war might expand beyond Ukraine. Opinions on the economic sanctions imposed on Russia by the EU, how well authorities had been prepared for crises like the crisis in Ukraine, how well the respondents themselves had prepared for crisis situations (e.g. by stockpiling food and medicine), and whether the uncertainty caused by the Ukraine crisis had impacted the respondents' consumer behaviour were charted. The respondents were also asked whether they had noticed any cyber security issues or instances where purposefully misleading claims based on misinformation were spread on social media or online over the previous month.

On the topics of communication and dissemination of information, the respondents' opinions on the availability, reliability and accuracy of the information provided by Finnish authorities on the coronavirus crisis were charted. Compliance with coronavirus restrictions was examined by asking the respondents whether they had followed the restrictions and recommendations set by authorities for preventing transmission of the virus, including maintaining safe distances, wearing a face mask, and minimising contact with other people. The respondents were also asked how necessary they felt it was to follow measures such as wearing a mask and maintaining safe distances after receiving two or three doses of the COVID-19 vaccine.

Background variables included the respondent's gender, age group, NUTS3 region of residence, highest level of education, household composition, and perceived financial situation of household.

Keywords

COVID-19; bacterial and virus diseases; communications; dissemination of information; emotional states; health; income; international conflict; regulations; trust; war; well-being (health

Topic Classification

• Social sciences (Fields of Science Classification)
• Government, political systems and organisations (CESSDA Topic Classification)
• Social conditions and indicators (CESSDA Topic Classification)
• Social behaviour and attitudes (CESSDA Topic Classification)
• Public health (CESSDA Topic Classification)
• Conflict, security and peace (CESSDA Topic Classification)

Series

Citizens' Pulse

Distributor

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Access

The dataset is (A) openly available for all users without registration (CC BY 4.0).

Data Collector

• Statistics Finland

Time Period Covered

2022

Collection Dates

2022-05-11 – 2022-05-16

Nation

Finland

Geographical Coverage

Finland

Analysis/Observation Unit Type

Individual

Universe

People aged 15-74 residing in mainland Finland

Time Method

Longitudinal: Trend/Repeated cross-section

Sampling Procedure

Probability: Stratified

The sample for the fifth collection round of 2022 was formed of the target persons aged 15 to 74 living in mainland Finland who had responded to Statistics Finland's Labour Force Survey (rounds 3 and 5), Consumer Confidence Survey (round 2), or Finnish Travel Survey between 24 March and 5 May 2022, and for whom a current telephone number could be found. The sample size was 2,589 persons. The persons included in the sample for Citizens' Pulse had expressed their willingness to respond to an additional survey when responding to the three surveys mentioned above. The samples for the Labour Force Survey, Consumer Confidence Survey and Finnish Travel Survey are drawn as stratified random samples from Statistics Finland's population database, which is based on the Central Population Register.

An invitation to participate in the study and a personal direct link to a Webropol survey were sent to the respondents by text message. The text message also contained a link to the Statistics Finland data collection webpage, where the participants were informed about, for instance, data protection. The data collection page includes a link to the privacy notice. Reminder messages were sent to those who had not yet responded two days after the first text message and on the last day of data collection.

Collection Mode

Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)

Research Instrument

Structured questionnaire

Response Rate

44.3

Data File Language

Downloaded data package may contain different language versions of the same files.

The data files of this dataset are available in the following languages: Finnish and English.

FSD translates quantitative data into English on request, free of charge. More information on ordering data translation.

Number of Cases and Variables

62 variables and 1148 cases.

Data Version

1.0

Completeness of Data and Restrictions

Men responded to the survey less often than women. For age groups, people aged between 20 and 29 responded least often. The response rate was slightly lower for respondents who had completed only primary and lower secondary education than for those who had attained tertiary level education.

The data delivered to FSD did not contain responses to open-ended questions.

Weighting

The data contain a weight variable [paino] which weights the data to correspond to the target population (people aged 15-74 residing in mainland Finland). Statistics Finland based the weight on population information from the end of January 2022 (4,081,151 persons). The weight variable is an expansion weight which aims to correct for non-response bias. Expansion weights expand the sample to correspond to the population. The sum of the expansion weights equals to the number of people aged 15-74 living in mainland Finland in the population. The mean of the expansion weights, 3,555, indicates how many people in the population each respondent roughly represents. The starting point for the weighting was the creation of a base weight, i.e. the inverse of a sampling unit's inclusion probability. Because there was nonresponse, the original sample size was replaced by the actual sample in the data (=number of respondents) and thus the base weight was 4,081,151/1,148. In calibration, the base weights were altered so that correct population distributions could be produced according to the calibration variables used. The calibration variables included gender, NUTS2 major region, age (10-year grouping), and level of education. The weights were calibrated with the CALMAR2 SAS macro program.

Citation Requirement

The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.

Bibliographical Citation

Statistics Finland & Prime Minister's Office: Citizens' Pulse 5/2022 [dataset]. Version 1.0 (2022-08-04). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3677

Deposit Requirement

Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.

Disclaimer

The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.

Related Materials

Kansalaispulssi 5/2022. Tutkimusseloste 18.5.2022 [verkkodokumentti]. Helsinki: Tilastokeskus.Tietovarannot/Tiedonkeruupalvelut. https://www.stat.fi/static/media/uploads/tup/htpalvelut/kansalaispulssi/kansalaispulssi_05_2022_tutkimusseloste.pdf [viitattu 4.8.2022]

Related Publications

Kansalaispulssi 5/2022. Tutkimusseloste 18.5.2022 [verkkodokumentti]. Helsinki: Tilastokeskus.Tietovarannot/Tiedonkeruupalvelut. https://www.stat.fi/static/media/uploads/tup/htpalvelut/kansalaispulssi/kansalaispulssi_05_2022_tutkimusseloste.pdf [viitattu 4.8.2022]

Kansalaispulssi 19.5.2022. Kansalaispulssi: 35. kierros. Verkkokysely 11.5.-16.5.2022. 15-74-vuotiaat mannersuomalaiset. [verkkodokumentti]. Helsinki: Valtioneuvosto. VNK Strategiaosasto. https://valtioneuvosto.fi/ajankohtaista/kansalaispulssi/yhteenvedot [viitattu 1.12.2022].