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    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>DDI description: Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA) Survey 2021-2022</titl>
        <parTitl xml:lang="fi">DDI-kuvailu: Ikääntyneiden alueellinen terveys- ja elinolosuhdekysely (GERDA) 2021-2022</parTitl>
        <IDNo agency="FSD">3819</IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer abbr="FSD">Finnish Social Science Data Archive</producer>
        <copyright>Finnish Social Science Data Archive</copyright>
        <prodPlac>Finnish Social Science Data Archive</prodPlac>
      </prodStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version date="2024-06-06" type="mef_eng">1.0.0</version>
      </verStmt>
      <biblCit>Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA) Survey 2021-2022 [metadata]. Metadata version 1.0.0 (2024-06-06). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3819; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3819</biblCit>
      <holdings location="Finnish Social Science Data Archive FSD" URI="https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3819" />
    </citation>
    <notes xml:lang="fi">FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records), joiden tekijä on Suomen yhteiskuntatieteellinen tietoarkisto (Finnish Social Science Data Archive), on lisensoitu Creative Commons 1.0 Yleismaailmallinen (CC0 1.0) -lisenssillä.
      <ExtLink URI="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.fi" />
    </notes>
    <notes xml:lang="en">FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records) by Suomen yhteiskuntatieteellinen tietoarkisto (Finnish Social Science Data Archive) are licensed under a Creative Commons 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) license.
      <ExtLink URI="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en" />
    </notes>
    <notes xml:lang="sv">FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records) av Finlands samhällsvetenskapliga dataarkiv (Finnish Social Science Data Archive) är licensierade under en Creative Commons 1.0 Universiell (CC0 1.0) licens.
      <ExtLink URI="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.sv" />
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  <stdyDscr>
    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA) Survey 2021-2022</titl>
        <parTitl xml:lang="fi">Ikääntyneiden alueellinen terveys- ja elinolosuhdekysely (GERDA) 2021-2022</parTitl>
        <IDNo agency="FSD">3819</IDNo>
        <IDNo agency="URN">urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3819</IDNo>
        <IDNo agency="DOI">10.60686/t-fsd3819</IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <rspStmt>
        <AuthEnty>Åbo Akademi University</AuthEnty>
        <AuthEnty>Novia University of Applied Sciences</AuthEnty>
        <AuthEnty>Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences</AuthEnty>
        <AuthEnty>Åland University of Applied Sciences</AuthEnty>
        <AuthEnty>Umeå University</AuthEnty>
      </rspStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <copyright>In accordance with the agreement between FSD and the depositor.</copyright>
        <grantNo agency="Svensk-Österbottniska Samfundet" />
        <grantNo agency="Högskolestiftelsen i Österbotten" />
        <grantNo agency="Vaasan Aktiasäätiö" />
        <grantNo agency="The Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland" />
        <grantNo agency="Regional Council of South Ostrobothnia" />
        <grantNo agency="Government of Åland" />
      </prodStmt>
      <distStmt>
        <distrbtr abbr="FSD" URI="https://www.fsd.tuni.fi/">Finnish Social Science Data Archive</distrbtr>
        <distDate date="2024-06-06" />
      </distStmt>
      <serStmt ID="S8" URI="https://services.fsd.tuni.fi/catalogue/series/8?lang=en">
        <serName>Individual datasets</serName>
        <serInfo>
          <p>Individual datasets that do not belong to any series.</p>
        </serInfo>
      </serStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version date="2024-05-28" type="main_data">1.0</version>
      </verStmt>
      <biblCit>Åbo Akademi University &amp; Novia University of Applied Sciences &amp; Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences &amp; Åland University of Applied Sciences &amp; Umeå University: Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA) Survey 2021-2022 [dataset]. Data version 1.0 (2024-05-28). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3819; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3819</biblCit>
      <holdings location="Finnish Social Science Data Archive FSD" URI="https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3819" />
    </citation>
    <stdyInfo>
      <subject>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">ageing</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">care of dependants</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">COVID-19</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">elderly</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">health</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">hobbies</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">interpersonal relations</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">old age</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">participation</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">quality of life</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">well-being (health)</keyword>
        <topcClas vocab="OKM" vocabURI="http://www.yso.fi/onto/okm-tieteenala/conceptscheme">Social sciences</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.cessda.cv:TopicClassification:4.2.3">General health and well-being</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.cessda.cv:TopicClassification:4.2.3">Elderly</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.cessda.cv:TopicClassification:4.2.3">Social conditions and indicators</topcClas>
      </subject>
      <abstract>
        <p>The data includes a survey collected by the Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA), which has mapped the health and living conditions of Finnish people aged 65 and over. The themes of the survey include activities, civic engagement, social contacts and well-being.</p>
        <p>First, respondents reported on their social contacts and their use of the internet. Next, respondents were asked what activities they do and would like to do, and whether the pandemic has affected their activities. They were then asked about being an informal carer and about their financial situation.</p>
        <p>Next, respondents assessed the society's attitude towards older people, and their own perception of their age. Respondents reported on their voting activity and their trust in various social institutions and people in their immediate circle. Respondents were asked to describe the characteristics of the area where they live and their views on welfare technologies. Finally, questions were asked on health, well-being, quality of life and functional capacity.</p>
        <p>The background variables in the data are gender, age, mother tongue, region of residence, and highest level of education.</p>
      </abstract>
      <sumDscr>
        <timePrd event="start" date="2021" />
        <timePrd event="end" date="2022" />
        <collDate event="start" date="2021">Autumn 2021</collDate>
        <collDate event="end" date="2022">Spring 2022</collDate>
        <nation abbr="FI">Finland</nation>
        <geogCover>Finland</geogCover>
        <geogCover>South Ostrobothnia</geogCover>
        <geogCover>Ostrobothnia</geogCover>
        <geogCover>the Åland Islands</geogCover>
        <anlyUnit>Individual
          <concept vocab="DDI Analysis Unit" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:AnalysisUnit:2.1.3">Individual</concept>
        </anlyUnit>
        <universe clusion="I">Persons born in 1930, 1935, 1940, 1945, 1950 and 1955 in Ostrobothnia, South Ostrobothnia and Åland Islands</universe>
        <dataKind>Quantitative</dataKind>
      </sumDscr>
    </stdyInfo>
    <method>
      <dataColl>
        <timeMeth>Longitudinal: Cohort/Event-based
          <concept vocab="DDI Time Method" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:TimeMethod:1.2.3">Longitudinal.CohortEventBased</concept>
        </timeMeth>
        <dataCollector>Åbo Akademi University</dataCollector>
        <dataCollector>Novia University of Applied Sciences</dataCollector>
        <dataCollector>Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences</dataCollector>
        <dataCollector>Åland University of Applied Sciences</dataCollector>
        <dataCollector>Umeå University</dataCollector>
        <sampProc>Total universe/Complete enumeration
          <concept vocab="DDI Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:SamplingProcedure:2.0.2">TotalUniverseCompleteEnumeration</concept>
        </sampProc>
        <sampProc>Probability: Systematic random
          <concept vocab="DDI Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:SamplingProcedure:2.0.2">Probability.SystematicRandom</concept>
        </sampProc>
        <sampProc>
          <p>In Ostrobothnia and Åland, the survey was sent to everyone born in 1930, 1935, 1940, 1945, 1950 and 1955, except in the city of Vaasa (Ostrobothnia), where every second person was selected. In South Ostrobothnia, approximately every second person born in 1930, 1935, 1940, 1945, 1950 and 1955 was selected. Questionnaires were not sent to elderly people living permanently in intensive care housing, hospitals or nursing homes. The questionnaire was sent in Finnish or Swedish, depending on the recipient's mother tongue indicated in the population register.</p>
          <p>The questionnaire were mailed to 14,602 recipients and a total of 6,926 analysable responses were received. The response rate was 47%. In Ostrobothnia, a total of 7 272 people were sent questionnaires, of which 3,363 responded. The response rate was 46%. In South Ostrobothnia, questionnaires were sent to a total of 5,981 recipients, with 2,732 responses. The response rate was 46%. In Åland, questionnaires were sent to a total of 1,349 people, of whom 831 responded. The response rate was 62%.</p>
        </sampProc>
        <collMode>Self-administered questionnaire: Paper
          <concept vocab="DDI Mode of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:ModeOfCollection:5.0.1">SelfAdministeredQuestionnaire.Paper</concept>
        </collMode>
        <resInstru>Structured questionnaire
          <concept vocab="DDI Type of Instrument" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:TypeOfInstrument:1.1.2">Questionnaire.Structured</concept>
        </resInstru>
        <weight>There are no weight variables in the data.</weight>
      </dataColl>
      <anlyInfo>
        <respRate>47</respRate>
        <dataAppr>In Ostrobothnia, South Ostrobothnia and Åland, separate questionnaires with minor differences have been used. The data are organised according to the questionnaire used in South Ostrobothnia.</dataAppr>
      </anlyInfo>
      <stdyClas type="A">Detailed and specific data description in Finnish and English. The data are checked and processed in detail. If necessary, the data are anonymised.</stdyClas>
    </method>
    <dataAccs>
      <setAvail>
        <accsPlac URI="https://www.fsd.tuni.fi/">Finnish Social Science Data Archive</accsPlac>
      </setAvail>
      <useStmt>
        <restrctn>The dataset is (D) available only by permission from the data depositor/creator.</restrctn>
        <citReq>The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.</citReq>
        <deposReq>Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.</deposReq>
        <disclaimer>The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.</disclaimer>
      </useStmt>
      <notes>Researchers have removed the exact municipal information from respondents from Åland.</notes>
      <notes type="TIIPII">To prevent identification of respondents, the municipality variable has been categorised by FSD.</notes>
    </dataAccs>
    <othrStdyMat>
      <relPubl xml:lang="sv">Boman, E. (2023). Hälsa och livsvillkor bland äldre män och kvinnor på Åland 2022. Del 1. Socioekonomiska variabler och hälsa i allmänhet - med inriktning på fysisk hälsa, aktivitet och sjukdomar samt användning av vård, tjänster och välfärdsteknologi. Högskolan på Ålands publikationsserie nr 2023:1.
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Hälsa och livsvillkor bland äldre män och kvinnor på Åland 2022. Del 1. Socioekonomiska variabler och hälsa i allmänhet - med inriktning på fysisk hälsa, aktivitet och sjukdomar samt användning av vård, tjänster och välfärdsteknologi</titl>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2023" />
          </distStmt>
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
      <relPubl xml:lang="sv">Boman, E. (2023). Hälsa och livsvillkor bland äldre män och kvinnor på Åland 2022. Del 2. Psykisk hälsa med inriktning på förutsättningar för psykiskt välbefinnande, kriser, ensamhet, nedstämdhet samt alkoholkonsumtion. Högskolan på Ålands publikationsserie nr 2023:2.
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Hälsa och livsvillkor bland äldre män och kvinnor på Åland 2022. Del 2. Psykisk hälsa med inriktning på förutsättningar för psykiskt välbefinnande, kriser, ensamhet, nedstämdhet samt alkoholkonsumtion</titl>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2023" />
          </distStmt>
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
      <relPubl xml:lang="sv">Boman, E. (2023). Hälsa och livsvillkor bland äldre män och kvinnor på Åland 2022. Del 3. En delrapport med fokus på åldersuppfattning och diskriminering, fötroende för samhällsinstitutioner, delaktighet och närståendevård. Högskolan på Ålands publikationsserie nr 2023:3.
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Hälsa och livsvillkor bland äldre män och kvinnor på Åland 2022. Del 3. En delrapport med fokus på åldersuppfattning och diskriminering, fötroende för samhällsinstitutioner, delaktighet och närståendevård</titl>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2023" />
          </distStmt>
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
      <relPubl xml:lang="en">Nyqvist, F., Nilsson, I., Näsman, M. &amp; Olofsson, B. (2023). The association between leisure engagement and loneliness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Nordic population-based study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. doi:10.1177/14034948231171964
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>The association between leisure engagement and loneliness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Nordic population-based study</titl>
            <IDNo agency="DOI">10.1177/14034948231171964</IDNo>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2023" />
          </distStmt>
          <holdings URI="https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948231171964" />
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
      <relPubl xml:lang="en">Vaartio-Rajalin H., Snellman F., Gustafsson Y., Rauhala A. &amp; Viklund E. (2023). Understanding Health, Subjective Aging, and Participation in Social Activities in Later Life: A Regional Finnish Survey. Journal of Applied Gerontology. doi: 10.1177/07334648231214940
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Understanding Health, Subjective Aging, and Participation in Social Activities in Later Life: A Regional Finnish Survey</titl>
            <IDNo agency="DOI">10.1177/07334648231214940</IDNo>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2023" />
          </distStmt>
          <holdings URI="https://doi.org/10.1177/07334648231214940" />
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
      <relPubl xml:lang="fi">Valkama, K., Turunen, K.,Tuuri, H. &amp; Katajavirta, M. (2022). Toimintakykyä tukemaan - yli 65-vuotiaiden eteläpohjalaisten näkemyksiä hyvinvoinnistaan: maakunnallinen selvitys ikääntyneiden tilanteesta palveluja tarjoavien yritysten tueksi. Seinäjoen ammattikorkeakoulun julkaisusarja B. Raportteja ja selvityksiä. https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2022112266416
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          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Toimintakykyä tukemaan - yli 65-vuotiaiden eteläpohjalaisten näkemyksiä hyvinvoinnistaan: maakunnallinen selvitys ikääntyneiden tilanteesta palveluja tarjoavien yritysten tueksi</titl>
            <IDNo agency="URN">URN:NBN:fi-fe2022112266416</IDNo>
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            <distDate date="2022" />
          </distStmt>
          <holdings URI="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2022112266416" />
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
      <relPubl xml:lang="en">Åkerman, S., Nyqvist, F., Nygård, M., Snellman, F. &amp; Olofsson, B. (2025). Risk factors for loneliness among older informal caregivers in regions of Finland and Sweden: a longitudinal study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948241308029
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Risk factors for loneliness among older informal caregivers in regions of Finland and Sweden: a longitudinal study</titl>
            <IDNo agency="DOI">10.1177/14034948241308029</IDNo>
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          <holdings URI="https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948241308029" />
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    <labl>More information and an up-to-date list of publications on the Gerontological Regional Database (GERDA) website</labl>
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