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    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>DDI description: Citizens' Opinion: Attitudes towards Swedish Language, Swedish-Speaking Finns and Culture in Swedish 2021</titl>
        <parTitl xml:lang="fi">DDI-kuvailu: Kansalaismielipide: Suhtautuminen ruotsin kieleen, suomenruotsalaisiin ja ruotsinkieliseen kulttuuriin 2021</parTitl>
        <IDNo agency="FSD">3976</IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer abbr="FSD">Finnish Social Science Data Archive</producer>
        <copyright>Finnish Social Science Data Archive</copyright>
        <prodPlac>Finnish Social Science Data Archive</prodPlac>
      </prodStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version date="2025-07-31" type="mef_eng">1.0.0</version>
      </verStmt>
      <biblCit>Citizens' Opinion: Attitudes towards Swedish Language, Swedish-Speaking Finns and Culture in Swedish 2021 [metadata]. Metadata version 1.0.0 (2025-07-31). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [producer and distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3976; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3976</biblCit>
      <holdings location="Finnish Social Science Data Archive FSD" URI="https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3976" />
    </citation>
    <notes xml:lang="fi">FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records), joiden tekijä on Suomen yhteiskuntatieteellinen tietoarkisto (Finnish Social Science Data Archive), on lisensoitu Creative Commons 1.0 Yleismaailmallinen (CC0 1.0) -lisenssillä.
      <ExtLink URI="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.fi" />
    </notes>
    <notes xml:lang="en">FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records) by Suomen yhteiskuntatieteellinen tietoarkisto (Finnish Social Science Data Archive) are licensed under a Creative Commons 1.0 Universal (CC0 1.0) license.
      <ExtLink URI="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en" />
    </notes>
    <notes xml:lang="sv">FSD:n aineistokuvailut (FSD metadata records) av Finlands samhällsvetenskapliga dataarkiv (Finnish Social Science Data Archive) är licensierade under en Creative Commons 1.0 Universiell (CC0 1.0) licens.
      <ExtLink URI="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.sv" />
    </notes>
  </docDscr>
  <stdyDscr>
    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>Citizens' Opinion: Attitudes towards Swedish Language, Swedish-Speaking Finns and Culture in Swedish 2021</titl>
        <parTitl xml:lang="fi">Kansalaismielipide: Suhtautuminen ruotsin kieleen, suomenruotsalaisiin ja ruotsinkieliseen kulttuuriin 2021</parTitl>
        <IDNo agency="FSD">3976</IDNo>
        <IDNo agency="URN">urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3976</IDNo>
        <IDNo agency="DOI">10.60686/t-fsd3976</IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <rspStmt>
        <AuthEnty>Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion (FIRIPO)</AuthEnty>
        <AuthEnty affiliation="Åbo Akademi University">Karv, Thomas
          <ExtLink URI="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5222-9558" role="PID" title="ORCID">0000-0002-5222-9558</ExtLink>
        </AuthEnty>
        <AuthEnty affiliation="Åbo Akademi University">Lindell, Marina
          <ExtLink URI="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6353-1525" role="PID" title="ORCID">0000-0002-6353-1525</ExtLink>
        </AuthEnty>
      </rspStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <copyright>In accordance with the agreement between FSD and the depositor.</copyright>
        <grantNo agency="Academy of Finland">345714</grantNo>
        <grantNo agency="The Swedish Cultural Foundation in Finland" />
      </prodStmt>
      <distStmt>
        <distrbtr abbr="FSD" URI="https://www.fsd.tuni.fi/">Finnish Social Science Data Archive</distrbtr>
        <distDate date="2025-07-31" />
      </distStmt>
      <serStmt ID="S90" URI="https://services.fsd.tuni.fi/catalogue/series/90?lang=en">
        <serName>FIRIPO Citizens' Opinion</serName>
        <serInfo>
          <p>Citizens' Opinion (in Finnish) is a survey panel focusing on society and politics. Members of the panel participate in different online surveys a few times each year. The panel is administered by Åbo Akademi University's Social Science Research Institute and is part of the Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion (FIRIPO) funded by the Academy of Finland. The recruiting of members for the panel began in 2019, and the panel currently has thousands of participants. The Citizens' Opinion panel offers possibilities to track developments in public opinion over time and makes it possible to react swiftly to current events and launch quick surveys that examine public opinion with a representative sample.</p>
        </serInfo>
      </serStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version date="2025-06-03" type="main_data">1.0</version>
      </verStmt>
      <biblCit>Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion (FIRIPO) &amp; Karv, Thomas (Åbo Akademi University) &amp; Lindell, Marina (Åbo Akademi University): Citizens' Opinion: Attitudes towards Swedish Language, Swedish-Speaking Finns and Culture in Swedish 2021 [dataset]. Data version 1.0 (2025-06-03). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3976; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3976</biblCit>
      <holdings location="Finnish Social Science Data Archive FSD" URI="https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3976" />
    </citation>
    <stdyInfo>
      <subject>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">attitudes</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">bilingualism</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">culture</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">cultural events</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">education</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">language</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">minority language users</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">minority languages</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">opinions</keyword>
        <keyword vocab="ELSST" vocabURI="https://elsst.cessda.eu/id">teaching</keyword>
        <topcClas vocab="OKM" vocabURI="http://www.yso.fi/onto/okm-tieteenala/conceptscheme">Social sciences</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.cessda.cv:TopicClassification:4.2.3">Language and linguistics</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.cessda.cv:TopicClassification:4.2.3">Cultural activities and participation</topcClas>
      </subject>
      <abstract>
        <p>The study examined the attitudes of Finnish-speaking individuals toward Finland-Swedes, the Swedish language, and Swedish-speaking culture in Finland. The data was collected as part of the Citizens' Opinion Panel, which is part of the national infrastructure for measuring public opinion (The Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion, FIRIPO).</p>
        <p>In the survey, respondents were first asked to express their views on various statements regarding Finland-Swedes, the Swedish language, and Swedish-language education. They were also asked to assess their own proficiency in Swedish. The survey then explored respondents' participation in Swedish-language cultural events, focusing on how frequently and what types of events they had attended. Finally, respondents were asked for their opinions on how Swedish-language education and cultural events compare to their Finnish-language counterparts.</p>
        <p>The dataset includes background variables such as gender, level of education, statistical municipal classification, age group, mother tongue, and region.</p>
      </abstract>
      <sumDscr>
        <timePrd event="single" date="2021" />
        <collDate event="start" date="2021-11-01" />
        <collDate event="end" date="2021-11-22" />
        <nation abbr="FI">Finland</nation>
        <geogCover>Finland</geogCover>
        <anlyUnit>Individual
          <concept vocab="DDI Analysis Unit" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:AnalysisUnit:2.1.3">Individual</concept>
        </anlyUnit>
        <universe clusion="I">Finnish-speaking individuals aged 18 and over residing in Finland</universe>
        <dataKind>Quantitative</dataKind>
      </sumDscr>
    </stdyInfo>
    <method>
      <dataColl>
        <timeMeth>Cross-section
          <concept vocab="DDI Time Method" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:TimeMethod:1.2.3">CrossSection</concept>
        </timeMeth>
        <dataCollector>Citizens' Opinion</dataCollector>
        <sampProc>Mixed probability and non-probability
          <concept vocab="DDI Sampling Procedure" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:SamplingProcedure:2.0.2">MixedProbabilityNonprobability</concept>
        </sampProc>
        <sampProc>
          <p>The majority of the panel was recruited using probability sampling. Some participants were recruited through other means, such as social media. The survey was sent only to Finnish-speaking panel members, meaning that Swedish-speaking members were excluded from the sample.</p>
        </sampProc>
        <collMode>Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)
          <concept vocab="DDI Mode of Collection" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:ModeOfCollection:5.0.1">SelfAdministeredQuestionnaire.CAWI</concept>
        </collMode>
        <resInstru>Structured questionnaire
          <concept vocab="DDI Type of Instrument" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/urn/urn:ddi:int.ddi.cv:TypeOfInstrument:1.1.2">Questionnaire.Structured</concept>
        </resInstru>
        <weight>The dataset includes a weighting variable (vikt), which is a raking weight calculated based on gender, native language, education level (primary, secondary, higher education), age group, and region. The weighting adjusts the distribution of the data to better reflect that of the target population. The weights are capped so that the maximum weight assigned to any individual case is 5.</weight>
      </dataColl>
      <anlyInfo>
        <respRate>73,7</respRate>
      </anlyInfo>
      <stdyClas type="A">Detailed and specific data description in Finnish and English. The data are checked and processed in detail. If necessary, the data are anonymised.</stdyClas>
    </method>
    <dataAccs>
      <setAvail>
        <accsPlac URI="https://www.fsd.tuni.fi/">Finnish Social Science Data Archive</accsPlac>
      </setAvail>
      <useStmt>
        <specPerm ID="eng_common_specPerm_7-FSD3976">The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.</specPerm>
        <restrctn>The dataset is (D) available only by permission from the data depositor/creator.</restrctn>
        <citReq>The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.</citReq>
        <deposReq>Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.</deposReq>
        <disclaimer>The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.</disclaimer>
      </useStmt>
      <notes>To prevent identification of respondents, the researchers have removed open-ended responses from the dataset.</notes>
      <notes type="TIIPII">To prevent identification of respondents, the municipality variable was removed from the dataset at FSD.</notes>
    </dataAccs>
    <othrStdyMat>
      <relStdy>FSD4017 Citizens' Opinion: Attitudes towards Swedish Language, Swedish-Speaking Finns and Culture in Swedish 2023
        <ExtLink URI="https://services.fsd.uta.fi/catalogue/FSD4017?lang=en&amp;study_language=en" />
      </relStdy>
      <relPubl xml:lang="sv">Karv, Thomas &amp; Backström, Jenny (2022) Kulturkonsumtion, språkrelationer och inställning till det svenska i Finland under pandemitider. Institutet för samhällsforskning (Samforsk), Åbo Akademi. https://www.barometern.fi/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Kulturkonsumtion-sprakrelationer-och-installning-till-det-svenska-i-Finland-under-pandemitider.pdf [viitattu 6.6.2025]
        <citation>
          <titlStmt>
            <titl>Kulturkonsumtion, språkrelationer och inställning till det svenska i Finland under pandemitider</titl>
          </titlStmt>
          <distStmt>
            <distDate date="2022" />
          </distStmt>
        </citation>
      </relPubl>
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