Select variable

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[q1] What is your attitude towards Finland's EC membership?

[q2] How firm a view do you have on the issue?

[q3] To what extent does your attitude towards the EC membership depend on the outcome for certain negotiation goals (i.e. future of Finland's neutrality, transition periods for agriculture)?

[q4] Do you believe that Finland is able to achieve this type of dispensations or transition periods?

[q5] How interested are you personally in issues concerning the Finnish EU membership and the development of the European integration?

[q6] How well informed do you consider yourself to be on these issues? How much do you think you know about them?

[q7] How certain are you that you will vote in the referendum on Finland's EU membership?

[q8] In your opinion, how likely is it that Finland joins the EU within the next few years?

[q9_1] What is you attitude towards the possibility that the following principles of the Treaty of Maastrict, deepening the European integration, would apply to Finland: Common foreign policy of the member states

[q9_2] What is you attitude towards the possibility that the following principles of the Treaty of Maastrict, deepening the European integration, would apply to Finland: Common security and defence policy

[q9_3] What is you attitude towards the possibility that the following principles of the Treaty of Maastrict, deepening the European integration, would apply to Finland: Common economic policy of the member states

[q9_4] What is you attitude towards the possibility that the following principles of the Treaty of Maastrict, deepening the European integration, would apply to Finland: Single currency of the member states (ecu)

[q9_5] What is you attitude towards the possibility that the following principles of the Treaty of Maastrict, deepening the European integration, would apply to Finland: Common EC nationality (in addition to own nationality)

[q10_1] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: General living conditions in Finland

[q10_2] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Standard of living and material welfare

[q10_3] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Steady development of national economy

[q10_4] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Employment

[q10_5] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Export and foreign trade

[q10_6] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Vigour of business life in general

[q10_7] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Competition in business life

[q10_8] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Interest level

[q10_9] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Level of taxation

[q10_10] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Wage level

[q10_11] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Price level in general

[q10_12] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Food prices

[q10_13] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Quality of food

[q10_14] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Arts and culture

[q10_15] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Education

[q10_16] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Science and research activities

[q10_17] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Social security

[q10_18] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Public health services

[q10_19] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Work environment and working conditions

[q10_20] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Environmental protection

[q10_21] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Disparity between population groups in the standard of living

[q10_22] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Disparity between Finnish regionsin the standard of living

[q10_23] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Citizens' legal protection

[q10_24] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Gender equality

[q10_25] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: National sovereignty

[q10_26] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Finnish security policy

[q10_27] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Finland's relationship to Russia

[q10_28] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Nordic co-operation

[q10_29] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Finnish image abroad

[q10_30] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Finland as a target for foreign investments

[q10_31] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: General spiritual and intellectual climate in Finland

[q10_32] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Public morals in general

[q10_33] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Functioning of democracy

[q10_34] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Citizens' possibilities to influence things

[q10_35] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Level of crime

[q10_36] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Degree of bureaucracy

[q10_37] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Religious/spiritual life

[q10_38] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Circumstances of managerial, professional and intermediate level employees

[q10_39] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Circumstances of workers

[q10_40] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Circumstances of farmers

[q10_41] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Circumstances of pensioners and the retired

[q10_42] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Circumstances of the self-employed and entrepreneurs

[q10_43] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Circumstances of children and families with children

[q10_44] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Circumstances of women

[q10_45] What kind of effect Finland's EC membership would have on: Your own circumstances and life in general

[q11_1] Even though joining the EC may mean tough times for Finland, things would be even more difficult if we stayed outside the EC

[q11_2] Instead of the joining the EC, Finland should promote closer cooperation with Russia and other parts of the former Soviet Union

[q11_3] There is no point worrying over what will happen to Finnish agriculture in the EC, since even without the EC membership our agriculture must be reformed

[q11_4] Recently, the significance of neutrality has changed so much that strict adherence to it makes no sense any more

[q11_5] The final decision on whether Finland should join the EC should be made after a consultative referendum, according to the majority opinion

[q11_6] EC membership would disrupt the peace of Finnish society and destroy the traditional Finnish way of life

[q11_7] Spokesmen for the EC membership are intentionally spreading false information in order to make citizens favourable to the membership

[q11_8] Opposition to the EC membership is based more on emotions than knowledge

[q11_9] It actually makes no difference whether the Finnish laws are made in the Finnish Parliament or in the EC as long as they are just and well-considered

[q11_10] EC membership forces Finns to comply with many norms and detailed regulations which we do not want or need

[q11_11] An application for EC membership is an insult to those who fought for and won independence for Finland

[q11_12] Effective environmental protection in Europe is possible only through the co-operation of EC member states

[q11_13] Civil servants and politicians participating in the EC membership negotiations are thinking only of the interests of business, forgetting the interests of ordinary citizens

[q11_14] Opposing the EC membership is useless because Finland will join the EC sooner or later anyway

[q11_15] By joining the EC, Finland increases its scope for action both in the East and in the West

[q11_16] The EEA contract (European Economic Area) is perfectly sufficient, Finland needs no deeper integration

[q11_17] Finland should make an independent decision on whether to join the EC. The decisions of other Nordic countries applying for the membership should have no bearing

[q11_18] EC membership fees are much too high when compared with the advantages

[q11_19] There is enough reliable information within everybody's reach concerning Finland's EC membership

[q11_20] Compared with Finland, social security in many EC countries is as good or better

[q11_21] EC membership gives Finland more influence over European matters than the EEA contract

[q11_22] EC membership would force Finnish women to give up working outside home

[q11_23] Instead of being neutral, the Finnish media is restricting the publication of material opposing the EC membership

[q11_24] Development of the EC will decelerate and become more difficult in the future

[q11_25] The decision to join the EC should be made by the President and Parliament. They have been elected to be the decision-making bodies

[q11_26] Even as an EC member, Finland will maintain its national distinctiveness

[q11_27] The decision to join the EC is the most important and far-reaching political decision in decades

[q11_28] The Parliament should honour the outcome of the consultative referendum even if the difference between YES and NO votes would be marginal

[q11_29] The Parliament should honour the outcome of the consultative referendum even if the turnout percentage would be considerably low

[q11_30] The EC membership would weaken the position and influence of the trade unions

[q11_31] As a result of the EC membership, foreign cheap labour would replace domestic labour force and worsen the unemployment situation in Finland

[q11_32] EC membership would increase flexibility in the labour market, and more and more things would be agreed upon directly at workplaces

[q11_33] In Finland's EC negotiations, far too much emphasis is put on agricultural matters

[q11_34] If I got a job within the EC area which matched my professional skills, I would be ready to leave Finland

[q11_35] EC's more liberal alcohol policy and pricing of alcohol beverages should be followed also in Finland

[q11_36] Finland should not allow the free sale of summer houses and waterfronts to foreigners

[q11_37] Subvention from EC structural funds would mean substantial financial aid to the poorest parts of Finland

[q11_38] The fundamental question in Finland's EC membership is not the economy or even the level of sovereignty, but whether we want to be a part of the East or the West

[q11_39] If Finland joined the EC, Finnish trade unions would have an influence on important issues related to working life at the international level

[q11_40] As a neighbour of the unstable Russia, it is safer for Finland to be an EC member than to be outside it

[q11_41] If Finland stays outside the EC, the position of its export industry will weaken at its primary market area

[q11_42] Finland's EC membership poses a threat to my home province's future

[q11_43] EC membership is no security political life insurance. On the contrary, it would create new tension in our eastern border

[11_44] If suggestions put forward in certain EC circles of diminishing the voice of the small member states come true, my attitude towards Finland's EC membership will become significantly more negative

[q11_45] Finland should call a time-out in the EC membership issue and wait to see what the EC turns out to be

[q11_46] EC membership would enliven Finnish economy and quicken economic recovery

[q11_47] Finland must in all circumstances be able to answer for its own safety. Others cannot help

[q11_48] In the future, Finland's most important export markets will be comprised of the Far East and other regions of strong economic growth, not of the declining EC-Europe

[q11_49] Despite its own problems, the EC is nevertheless the only power which can guide and control European development

[q11_50] In the long run, the EC will in practise cover the whole of Europe, including the former socialist countries

[q11_51] The Finnish countryside has to remain populated, regardless of cost

[q12_1] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Open about its goals and activities

[q12_2] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Promotes peace in Europe

[q12_3] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Takes environmental protection seriously

[q12_4] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Democratic

[q12_5] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Withholds things

[q12_6] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Reduces disparity in welfare and the standard of living between European countries

[q12_7] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Acts on the terms of powerful countries

[q12_8] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Disregards citizens's opinions

[q12_9] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Necessary to prevent Germany’s intention to gain supremacy

[q12_10] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Overemphasises economic values, neglects social values

[q12_11] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Responsible

[q12_12] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Bureaucratic

[q12_13] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Efficiently managed

[q12_14] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Promotes the welfare of Europe as a whole

[q12_15] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Develops rapidly

[q12_16] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Standardizes the culture and social conditions of different countries too much

[q12_17] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Constitutes a threat to the existence of small states

[q12_18] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Modern-day Soviet Union, utopia doomed to failure

[q12_19] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Promotes interaction between the citizens of different countries

[q12_20] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Unreliable contracting party which one cannot even get rid of

[q12_21] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: System which enhances co-operation and distribution of work,beneficial for all

[q12_22] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Functions well only when the economy is strong, is disunited during economically difficult times

[q12_23] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Strengthens Europe's position in global competition

[q12_24] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Declining system/becoming out-dated

[q12_25] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Part of an inescapable development towards global integration

[q12_26] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Promotes the interests of business and financial community, not those of ordinary people

[q12_27] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Firm supporter of the Western civilisation and value system

[q12_28] How well does the following correspond with your own views of the EC: Constitutes a threat to national cultures

[q13_1] How important do you consider it to be that Finland reaches its goals in EC membership negotiations regarding: Agricultural policy

[q13_2] How important do you consider it to be that Finland reaches its goals in EC membership negotiations regarding: Regional policy

[q13_3] How important do you consider it to be that Finland reaches its goals in EC membership negotiations regarding: Policy of neutrality

[q13_4] How important do you consider it to be that Finland reaches its goals in EC membership negotiations regarding: Customs policy

[q13_5] How important do you consider it to be that Finland reaches its goals in EC membership negotiations regarding: Issues related to employment pension

[q13_6] How important do you consider it to be that Finland reaches its goals in EC membership negotiations regarding: Foreign ownership of summer cottages (holiday home ownership)

[q13_7] How important do you consider it to be that Finland reaches its goals in EC membership negotiations regarding: Hunting and fishing issues

[q13_8] How important do you consider it to be that Finland reaches its goals in EC membership negotiations regarding: Alcohol policy

[bv1] Respondent's gender

[bv2] Respondent's age group

[bv3] Size of the municipality of residence

[bv4] Respondent's province of residence

[bv5] Respondent's vocational education

[bv6] Respondent's industry of employment

[bv7] Respondent's economic activity and occupational group

[bv8] Is the company you work for engaged in exporting products or services?

[bv9] Is your employer..

[bv10] Respondent's trade union membership

[bv11] If the parliamentary elections were held now, for which party would you vote?