Select variable

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_pro] FSD processing level

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[nro] identification number

[q1_1] No party promotes issues that are important to me

[q1_2] In future, science and technology will be able to solve most present-day problems

[q1_3] Finland's EMU membership, starting in 1999, will be an asset to our country's development

[q1_4] Nowadays in Finland, men and women are equal enough

[q1_5] The contribution of older employees in Finnish workplaces is needlessly underrated

[q1_6] Stock options for corporate managers is the right way to motivate them to good performance and improve corporate profitability

[q1_7] It is a privilege to be a Finn

[q1_8] In order to succeed Finland must in future focus on global (worldwide) cooperation and trade, EU membership alone is not enough

[q1_9] Political parties are drifting further and further away from the problems of ordinary citizens

[q1_10] Finland's aging and diminishing population means that Finland needs to make immigration easier

[q1_11] Mass unemployment will become a permanent feature of Finland and it will produce a large class of marginalised citizens in our society

[q1_12] Nokia's success in the world market shows that Finland has what it takes to develop into a major player in high-tech exports

[q1_13] I am willing to accept a lower standard of living to reduce pollution and environmental problems

[q1_14] I am so attached to my own region of residence that I would not move anywhere else

[q1_15] If Finns had more a positive attitude to entrepreneurship, the whole society would benefit

[q1_16] The turn of the millennium is a significant event, which will set mankind's development into a new direction

[q1_17] If employees could participate and influence corporate decision-making more, the whole society would benefit

[q1_18] If more foreigners worked in Finland, our country would benefit from the useful international influences they bring

[q1_19] The best way to increase Finland's electric power production is to construct a new nuclear power plant

[q1_20] Nowadays, decision-makers get more information about public opinion through civic organizations than through political parties

[q1_21] Economic growth is the only way to continuous well-being

[q1_22] Mergers between large Finnish and Swedish corporations are the only way to ensure competitiveness of our companies

[q1_23] In Finland, the intrests of employees and employers are largely convergent

[q1_24] Migration to growing urban areas should be curbed even if it required costly regional support measures

[q1_25] Economic and industrial activities are unduly constricted on the grounds of nature conservation

[q1_26] Instead of declining areas, Finland should support growing city centres, which function as promoters of employment and growth

[q1_27] Nowadays in Finland, it is far too easy to take early retirement

[q1_28] Finland suffers from a worrying trend of ownership concentration

[q1_29] Finns should effectively protect their unique culture from the ever increasing internationalisation

[q1_30] Obedience to the law / willingness to obey laws and regulations (taxes, traffic etc.) has decreased worryingly in our country

[q1_31] People used to be happier than they are now

[q1_32] By aiming at continuous economic growth mankind will slowly destroy the environment and eventually itself

[q1_33] Finnish media has too strong an influence on public opinion

[q1_34] In order to lower the crime rate penalties should be notably more severe

[q1_35] Finland should restrict foreign ownership

[q1_36] Finland should join NATO

[q1_37] Unemployment could be significantly reduced by promoting labour market flexibility

[q1_38] Even though getting a job is difficult in our country, it is always worthwhile to get an education

[q1_39] I am interested in politics and follow it actively

[q1_40] Competitiviness of our export industry is vital to employment and through it to general welfare in Finland

[q1_41] So-called animal activists are for the right cause, even though their actions break the law

[q1_42] Russia struggling with political and economic difficulties is a greater threat to Finland than the former Soviet Union was

[q1_43] Even though there are risks involved in genetic engineering (altering genome of species), genetic research will greatly benefit all humankind

[q1_44] Nowadays, Finnish industry and commerce act responsibly in environmental matters

[q1_45] The signs of a new economic recession are already present, although they are not officially recognised

[q1_46] People work so hard and under such pressure in Finnish workplaces that many will suffer early burn-out

[q1_47] Finnish society has succumbed too much to market forces and selfish profit seeking

[q1_48] It doesn't make a difference which parties form the government after the next parliamentary elections, the present policy is not going to change

[q1_49] Most of our public services should be privatized to improve efficiency

[q1_50] Increasingly, I feel European, in addition to being Finnish

[q1_51] Our present welfare system, which is based on public services, will not function in future and we must transfer to a system based on private services and activity

[q1_52] Finnish people's wariness towards foreigners is wise guardedness, not ignorance or racism

[q1_53] Finland needs strong leaders who can restore order, discipline and respect for proper values

[q1_54] Democracy functions so well in Finland that there is no need to talk about citizens' lack of influence

[q1_55] Nowadays, market economy in Finland functions for the benefit of all citizens

[q1_56] Even though good social security and public services are costly, Finnish welfare state is always good value for money

[q2_1] Amount of influence at present: Trade unions

[q2_2] Amount of influence at present: Parliament

[q2_3] Amount of influence at present: EU

[q2_4] Amount of influence at present: Government

[q2_5] Amount of influence at present: Church

[q2_6] Amount of influence at present: Municipal decision makers

[q2_7] Amount of influence at present: Conservationists

[q2_8] Amount of influence at present: Market forces

[q2_9] Amount of influence at present: Judicial system

[q2_10] Amount of influence at present: Banks

[q2_11] Amount of influence at present: Family

[q2_12] Amount of influence at present: Police

[q2_13] Amount of influence at present: Political parties

[q2_14] Amount of influence at present: Armed forces

[q2_15] Amount of influence at present: Large companies

[q2_16] Amount of influence at present: President

[q2_17] Amount of influence at present: Mass media

[q2_18] Amount of influence at present: Employers' organizations

[q2_19] Amount of influence at present: Civil servants

[q2_20] Amount of influence at present: Individual citizens

[q2_21] Amount of influence at present: Civic organizations in general

[q2_22] Amount of influence at present: Universities

[q3_1] Change over the past ten years: Finland's position among European countries

[q3_2] Change over the past ten years: Market economy system and its development

[q3_3] Change over the past ten years: Functioning of democracy, citizens' possibilities to influence

[q3_4] Change over the past ten years: Working conditions, atmosphere in workplaces

[q3_5] Change over the past ten years: Security of work and livelihood; economic security

[q3_6] Change over the past ten years: External security; Finland's security policy position

[q3_7] Change over the past ten years: Internal security, crime and violence rate

[q3_8] Change over the past ten years: Income and well-being disparities between population groups

[q3_9] Change over the past ten years: State of nature and environment

[q3_10] Change over the past ten years: Material well-being, standard of living

[q3_11] Change over the past ten years: Spiritual well-being, individual happiness

[q3_12] Change over the past ten years: Society's morals

[q3_13] Change over the past ten years: Functioning of the legal system

[q3_14] Change over the past ten years: Business conditions

[q3_15] Change over the past ten years: Quality of media; the way it operates

[q3_16] Change over the past ten years: Social security coverage and level

[q3_17] Change over the past ten years: Educational system, level / development of education

[q3_18] Change over the past ten years: Technological development and its impact on society

[q3_19] Change over the past ten years: Status of national culture

[q3_20] Change over the past ten years: Finnish citizens' self-esteem

[q4_1] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Urban environment and lifestyle

[q4_2] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: More international environment, multiculturalism

[q4_3] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Educational opportunities (for myself or my children)

[q4_4] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Opportunity to pursue a variety of hobbies

[q4_5] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Search for employment and livelihood

[q4_6] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Career and promotion opportunities

[q4_7] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Leisure facilities, entertainment opportunities

[q4_8] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Good transport and travel connections (domestic and international)

[q4_9] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Opportunity to meet all kinds of people

[q4_10] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Information connections, opportunities to get information

[q4_11] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Shopping facilities, specialized shops

[q4_12] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Health and social services

[q4_13] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Cultural services, active cultural life

[q4_14] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Better financial status of cities / local tax rate

[q4_15] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Different political atmosphere, ideological motives

[q4_16] Has an effect on migration to cities in Finland: Force of circumstances, impossible to make a living in remote areas

[q5_1] Views on the Finnish mass media: Professional, journalistically high quality

[q5_2] Views on the Finnish mass media: Has become better over the past few years

[q5_3] Views on the Finnish mass media: Has become too superficial, concentrates too much on entertaining

[q5_4] Views on the Finnish mass media: Different news media have become less distinctive, too similar

[q5_5] Views on the Finnish mass media: Promotes freedom of speech and pluralism effectively

[q5_6] Views on the Finnish mass media: Has become too commercial

[q5_7] Views on the Finnish mass media: Fast and efficient means of communication

[q5_8] Views on the Finnish mass media: Media ownership has become too concentrated

[q5_9] Views on the Finnish mass media: On the side of ordinary people, against the ruling classes

[q5_10] Views on the Finnish mass media: Emphasizes sensations instead of factual issues

[q5_11] Views on the Finnish mass media: Biased, expresses the opinions of journalists

[q5_12] Views on the Finnish mass media: Aims at objectivity (impartial), seeks the truth

[q5_13] Views on the Finnish mass media: Gives adequate information over social issues

[q5_14] Views on the Finnish mass media: Has a lot of influence and uses it

[q5_15] Views on the Finnish mass media: If compared internationally, has good quality

[q5_16] Views on the Finnish mass media: Has take the role of a judge too far

[q5_17] Views on the Finnish mass media: Has often gone too far in pursuing people

[q5_18] Views on the Finnish mass media: Too uncritical, on the side of decision-makers

[q5_19] Views on the Finnish mass media: Personalizes politics at the expense of factual issues

[q5_20] Views on the Finnish mass media: Applies constructive criticism, brings forth only genuine social evils

[q5_21] Views on the Finnish mass media: Forces public figures to act on the terms of mass media

[q5_22] Views on the Finnish mass media: Is thin-skinned, cannot accept criticism

[q5_23] Views on the Finnish mass media: Will revenge on those who dare to criticize it

[q5_24] Views on the Finnish mass media: Simplifies complex issues into simple 'yes or no' questions

[q5_25] Views on the Finnish mass media: Cares more about how the news will sell than how important it is

[q5_26] Views on the Finnish mass media: Has improved the ethics of politics and economy through its alertness

[q5_27] Views on the Finnish mass media: Has taken a negative stand against commerce and business

[q6_1] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Better standard of living, better consumption opportunities

[q6_2] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Chance to experience and learn new things, improve oneself

[q6_3] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Inner peace, spiritual harmony and balance

[q6_4] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Opportunity to enjoy culture and art

[q6_5] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Better social security, security of subsistence

[q6_6] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': More leisure time, better recreational opportunities

[q6_7] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Opportunity to travel, experience different countries and cultures

[q6_8] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Secure and permanent job

[q6_9] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Interesting and demanding job

[q6_10] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Less stress, haste and strain at work

[q6_11] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Career advancement opportunities, to get ahead in life

[q6_12] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Better social participation and influence opportunities

[q6_13] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Living close to nature, interaction with nature

[q6_14] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Leaving the rat race of consumer and competitive society

[q6_15] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Spirituality, close connection to God

[q6_16] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Better social ethics and morals

[q6_17] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Close family life

[q6_18] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Close friends and other good relationships

[q6_19] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Possibility to privacy, to have more time for oneself

[q6_20] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Good health, strength to get on in life

[q6_21] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Finding suitable role models and values for oneself

[q6_22] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Greater individual freedom, less patronizing society

[q6_23] Views on the aspects of 'Better life': Greater solidarity between fellow-citizens

[q7_1] View on technology and computerization: Indispensable for Finland to keep up with global competition

[q7_2] View on technology and computerization: ITC industry's importance in Finland's exports increases in the future

[q7_3] View on technology and computerization: Improves/renews Finland's image abroad

[q7_4] View on technology and computerization: Unites the world/makes the world smaller, abolishes the borders

[q7_5] View on technology and computerization: Brings different nations and cultures closer to each other (e.g. Internet)

[q7_6] View on technology and computerization: Makes more jobs disappear than it creates

[q7_7] View on technology and computerization: Creates inequality, divides citizens into two groups: those with and those without technological skills

[q7_8] View on technology and computerization: Availability of information and communication networks creates equality

[q7_9] View on technology and computerization: Increases citizens' knowledge level and possibilities to access information

[q7_10] View on technology and computerization: Increases work productivity

[q7_11] View on technology and computerization: Enhances social life, brings people closer to each other

[q7_12] View on technology and computerization: Communication through machines alienates people from each other

[q7_13] View on technology and computerization: Leads to an increase in working from home (teleworking)

[q7_14] View on technology and computerization: Is risky, will leave the society at the mercy of technological systems

[q7_15] View on technology and computerization: E-business will replace other traditional ways of business

[q7_16] View on technology and computerization: Improves direct ways of participation and influence (among others e-mail)

[q7_17] View on technology and computerization: Endangers privacy, increases control of citizens (among others data registers)

[q7_18] View on technology and computerization: Eases everyday life in many ways (among others bank connections at home)

[q7_19] View on technology and computerization: I am personally interested in computers and information technology

[q7_20] View on technology and computerization: I use computer in everyday life (at home or at work)

[q7_21] View on technology and computerization: I spend my free time with computers (e.g. Internet)

[q7_22] View on technology and computerization: I use mobile phone regularly (for business or private matters)

[bv1] Respondent's sex

[bv2] Respondent's age group

[bv3] Size of the respondent's place of residence

[bv4] Respondent's dwelling area

[bv5] Respondent's basic education

[bv6] Respondent's vocational education

[bv7] Respondent's employment sector

[bv8] Respondent's province of residence

[bv9] Respondent's occupational group

[bv10] Respondent's federation of trade unions membership

[bv11] If the parliamentary elections were held now, which party would you vote for?

[bv12] Respondent's socio-economic group

[bv13] Language