Select variable

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[a1_1] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising municipal tax rate

[a1_2] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Borrowing/increasing borrowing

[a1_3] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Cutting down/reducing municipal services

[a1_4] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Privatising municipal services

[a1_5] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising the general level of usage/service fees

[a1_6] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Selling municipal property

[a1_7] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing/postponing construction investments, etc.

[a1_8] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Consolidation of municipalities/merging municipalities into larger entities

[a1_9] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the co-operation between municipalities without consolidations

[a1_10] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of municipal employees by firing them

[a1_11] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of administrative employees

[a1_12] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of service provision employees

[a1_13] ow effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Laying off employees

[a1_14] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing employees' salaries/increasing their working hours

[a1_15] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of elected officials/bodies

[a1_16] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Applying the principle of accountability in municipal offices and departments

[a1_17] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the state control over municipalities

[a1_18] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the state supervision over municipalities

[a1_19] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Improving the inhabitants' possibilities to influence

[a2_1] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising municipal tax rate

[a2_2] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Borrowing/increasing borrowing

[a2_3] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Cutting down/reducing municipal services

[a2_4] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Privatising municipal services

[a2_5] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising the general level of usage/service fees

[a2_6] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Selling municipal property

[a2_7] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing/postponing construction investments, etc.

[a2_8] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Consolidation of municipalities/merging municipalities into larger entities

[a2_9] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the co-operation between municipalities without consolidations

[a2_10] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of municipal employees by firing them

[a2_11] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of administrative employees

[a2_12] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of service provision employees

[a2_13] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Laying off employees

[a2_14] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing employees' salaries/increasing their working hours

[a2_15] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of elected officials/bodies

[a2_16] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Applying the principle of accountability in municipal offices and departments

[a2_17] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the state control over municipalities

[a2_18] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the state supervision over municipalities

[a2_19] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Improving the inhabitants' possibilities to influence

[a3_1] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Everyone can influence matters in his/her municipality of residence if he/she wants to

[a3_2] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The growth of municipal administration has exceeded the citizens' liquidity

[a3_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal managers and mayors should be elected for a fixed term

[a3_4] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: All leading local officials should be elected for a fixed term

[a3_5] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal managers and mayors should be elected by direct vote

[a3_6] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: There are far too many municipalities in our country

[a3_7] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The number of municipalities should be reduced by forced consolidations in order to improve the financial situation of municipalities and municipal services

[a3_8] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal consolidations are realised, they should be based on voluntariness

[a3_9] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipalities with large population or area should be divided into several smaller municipalities

[a3_10] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Most departments offering municipal services would need more staff to be able to serve citizens better

[a3_11] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: As many municipal departments as possible should be turned into business companies

[a3_12] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The pace and efficiency of work in municipal departments are at least as high as in other fields

[a3_13] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal offices and departments worked effectively without unnecessary bureaucracy, the number of municipal employees could be reduced to half

[a3_14] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal taxation in Finland is not excessive in relation to the selection and quality of municipal services

[a3_15] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If it has to be done, it is better to raise the municipal tax rate than to cut down municipal services

[a3_16] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: In the future, municipalities should increase rather than cut down municipal services

[a3_17] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal services should be allocated only to inhabitants who cannot afford to pay for private services

[a3_18] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It makes no difference whether municipal services are provided by the municipality itself or private companies, as long as the inhabitants have access to the services they need

[a3_19] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal self-government is a fundamental value for Finns, and it should not be undermined in any circumstances

[a3_20] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Local government could be abolished in municipalities where there is already enough service provision

[a3_21] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Finnish membership in the European Community would be a threat to the future of my municipality of residence

[a3_22] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It would be desirable if Finland joined the European Community from the viewpoint of my municipality of residence and the living conditions of its inhabitants

[a3_23] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It would be a positive thing if more foreigners moved to my municipality of residence to live and work there

[a3_24] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: All Finnish municipalities should decidedly refuse to take any more refugees

[a3_25] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Delegating municipal services to private companies or other private bodies would increase the effectiviness of the services and save the costs

[a3_26] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal services were privatised, inequality and insecurity among inhabitants would increase

[a3_27] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If Finnish municipalities are not streamlined and their economy hard-handedly reorganised soon, the majority of them will end up in a state of bankruptcy before long

[a3_28] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Local democracy would not suffer even if half of municipal elected bodies (e.g. boards) were abolished

[a4_1] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Maintenance of parks and recreation areas

[a4_2] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Public transport services

[a4_3] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Support of business life

[a4_4] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Support of housing production

[a4_5] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Sports, exercise and outdoor recreation possibilities and services

[a4_6] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Salaries of municipal officials and employees

[a4_7] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: School services

[a4_8] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Child day care

[a4_9] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Elderly care

[a4_10] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Minimum income guarantee (formerly social welfare)

[a4_11] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Street maintenance and lighting

[a4_12] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Municipal health centre services

[a4_13] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Library services

[a4_14] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Environmental protection

[a4_15] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Culture services, e.g. theatres

[a5_1] Which of the two would be a better option for your own municipality of residence?

[a5_2] Which of the two would be a better option for your own municipality of residence?

[a5_3] Which of the two would be a better option for your own municipality of residence?

[a5_4] Which of the two would be a better option for your own municipality of residence?

[a6_1] What would be a suitable amount of monthly disposable income for your family in order to barely manage in your current municipality of residence (FIM/month)?

[a6_2] What would be a suitable amount of monthly disposable income for your family in order to manage moderately well in your current municipality of residence (FIM/month)?

[a6_3] What would be a suitable amount of monthly disposable income for your family in order to manage well in your current municipality of residence (FIM/month)?

[a7] Respondent's occupational status

[a8] Respondent's employer

[c1_1] What is your attitude towards the following statement: Finland should join the European Community

[c2_1] If parliamentary elections were held now, which party or group would you vote for?

[c2_2] If parliamentary elections were held now, which party or group would be your second choice?

[c2_3] Which party or group did you vote for in last October's municipal elections?

[bv1] Respondent's gender

[bv2] Respondent's age (categorised at FSD)

[bv3] Respondent's basic education

[bv4] Respondent's vocational education

[bv5] Household's annual gross income

[bv6_1] Number of persons aged over 16 in the household (top-coded at FSD)

[bv6_2] Number of children aged 7-16 in the household (top-coded at FSD)

[bv6_3] Number of children aged 0-6 in the household (top-coded at FSD)

[bv6_4] Total number of persons in the household (top-coded at FSD)

[bv7] Respondent's household composition

[bv8_1] Economic activity and occupational status of the household head

[bv8_2] (IF RETIRED) Former economic activity and occupational status of the household head

[bv9] Who decides over your household's grocery shopping?

[bv10] Type of neighbourhood

[bv11] Respondent's province of residence (according to the pre-1997 classification)

[kk] The respondent's municipality of residence