Select variable

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_pro] FSD processing level

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[q1_1] No party promotes issues that are important to me

[q1_2] In the future, science and technology will be able to solve most present-day problems

[q1_3] The contribution of older employees in Finnish workplaces is needlessly underrated

[q1_4] Nowadays in Finland, men and women are equal enough

[q1_5] Improving economic welfare to a yet higher level will increase psychological distress

[q1_6] If women could participate and influence corporate decision making more it would benefit society as a whole

[q1_7] It is a privilege to be a Finn

[q1_8] Climate change is the biggest threat of our time. In order to prevent it, every country must take immediate and effective measures

[q1_9] Political parties are drifting further and further away from the problems of ordinary citizens

[q1_10] Finland's aging and diminishing population means that Finland needs to make immigration easier

[q1_11] It is always worth voting, even though ordinary citizens cannot influence politics

[q1_12] It would be good if the party system in Finland developed towards a two-party system

[q1_13] I am willing to accept a lower standard of living to reduce pollution and environmental problems

[q1_14] Inheritance tax should be abolished in Finland.

[q1_15] If the Finns had more a positive attitude to entrepreneurship it would benefit society as a whole

[q1_16] It makes no difference which parties will be in the government after the next elections, politics will not change

[q1_17] If employees could participate and influence corporate decision making more it would would benefit society as a whole

[q1_18] If more foreigners worked in Finland, our country would benefit from the useful international influences they bring

[q1_19] A sixth nuclear power station should be built in Finland

[q1_20] Nowadays, policy-makers get more information about public opinion through voluntary organisations than through political parties

[q1_21] Economic growth is the only way to continuous well-being

[q1_22] In the future, Finland's pension systems will become insolvent and 'already earnt' pensions cannot be paid

[q1_23] In Finland, the interests of employees and employers are largely convergent

[q1_24] It is good that right-wing and left-wing parties can be in the same government in Finland.

[q1_25] Economic and industrial activities are unduly constricted on the grounds of nature conservation

[q1_26] Even though the safety net comprised of public services is important, private business is the driving force of welfare in society

[q1_27] Nowadays in Finland, it is far too easy to take early retirement

[q1_28] Finland should not increase its dependence on Russian energy.

[q1_29] Finns should effectively protect their unique culture from the ever increasing internationalisation

[q1_30] The Finnish non-socialist parties should follow Sweden's example and join forces and co-operate closely in elections.

[q1_31] People used to be happier than they are now

[q1_32] By aiming at continuous economic growth mankind will slowly destroy the environment and eventually itself

[q1_33] Finnish media has too strong an influence on public opinion

[q1_34] In five years, many things will be better in Finland than they are now

[q1_35] The standard of living in our country is so high that we must have resources to take better care of the elderly, the sick, the disabled, and the less well-off fellow citizens

[q1_36] Finland should join NATO

[q1_37] Things would change for the better relatively fast, if only the right parties and politicians would get into power

[q1_38] Companies seeking profit are not suited to provide public services

[q1_39] I am interested in politics and follow it actively

[q1_40] Competitiviness of our export industry is vital to employment and through it to general welfare in Finland

[q1_41] Welfare society should be developed in a closer co-operation with the private sector

[q1_42] Economic and social inequality between different population groups has grown too much in our country

[q1_43] Nowadays, Finnish industry and commerce act responsibly in environmental matters

[q1_44] What is essential in public services is their availability to everyone, not which body provides them

[q1_45] People work so hard and under such pressure in Finnish workplaces that many will suffer early burn-out

[q1_46] Different interest groups have too much influence on the political decision making in our country

[q1_47] Finnish society has succumbed too much to market forces and selfish profit seeking

[q1_48] The small proportion of women in leading positions in working life is due to the fact that women are not as ambitious as men

[q1_49] Finland should participate in international tax competition more, and lower income, corporation and capital taxes considerably

[q1_50] The so-called globalisation development of the international economy will lead to increasing global welfare

[q1_51] If we let income disparity grow in our country, economic activity would increase drastically

[q1_52] Globalisation means that Finland will lose an increasing amount of jobs to so-called cheap labour countries

[q1_53] Finland should abolish compulsory military service and found a professional army

[q1_54] Increasing dissatisfaction and criticism among the Finns does not mean that matters are getting worse in Finland but rather that we want more than before

[q1_55] The USA acts correctly in world politics and deserves the support of the Finns

[q1_56] Even though Russia has its own problems, the Finns have no reason to take a negative attitude to their large neighbour

[q1_57] It is fair that the foreign top experts persuaded to move to Finland pay a lower income tax than ordinary Finnish citizens

[q1_58] The success of an individual is determined mainly by his/her own actions and willpower, not by society or circumstances

[q1_59] Powers of the president have been reduced too much in Finland

[q1_60] Most of our public services should be privatised to improve efficiency

[q1_61] Increasingly, I feel European, in addition to being Finnish

[q1_62] Finnish people's wariness towards foreigners is wise guardedness, not ignorance or racism

[q1_63] Finland needs strong leaders who can restore order, discipline and respect for proper values

[q1_64] Democracy functions so well in Finland that there are no grounds for talking about citizens' lack of influence

[q1_65] Nowadays, market economy in Finland functions for the benefit of all citizens

[q1_66] Even though good social security and public services are costly, Finnish welfare state is always good value for money

[q2_1] Government actions should be emphasised on: Improvement of employment/reduction of unemployment

[q2_2] Government actions should be emphasised on: National economy, prudent management of finances

[q2_3] Government actions should be emphasised on: Reduction of the national debt

[q2_4] Government actions should be emphasised on: Privatisation of public enterprises, selling shares to investors

[q2_5] Government actions should be emphasised on: Reduction of taxation

[q2_6] Government actions should be emphasised on: Reducing poverty and social exclusion

[q2_7] Government actions should be emphasised on: Developing social security in general

[q2_8] Government actions should be emphasised on: Promotion of NATO membership

[q2_9] Government actions should be emphasised on: Improvement of health care services, securing access to health care

[q2_10] Government actions should be emphasised on: Developing and investing in education

[q2_11] Government actions should be emphasised on: Environmental conservation

[q2_12] Government actions should be emphasised on: Status of employees, development of working life

[q2_13] Government actions should be emphasised on: Promoting and strengthening business activity and conditions

[q2_14] Government actions should be emphasised on: Increasing labour market flexibility

[q2_15] Government actions should be emphasised on: Preventing the misuse of social security benefits

[q2_16] Government actions should be emphasised on: Reducing the problems of growth centres

[q2_17] Government actions should be emphasised on: Reducing the problems of rural and remote areas

[q2_18] Government actions should be emphasised on: Combatting crime

[q2_19] Government actions should be emphasised on: Promoting immigration into Finland

[q2_20] Government actions should be emphasised on: Promoting economic competition

[q2_21] Government actions should be emphasised on: EU issues, increased activity in developing the Union

[q2_22] Government actions should be emphasised on: Regulating and controlling business

[q2_23] Government actions should be emphasised on: Securing the economy and services of municipalities

[q2_24] Government actions should be emphasised on: Development co-operation, helping developing countries

[q2_25] Government actions should be emphasised on: Promoting gender equality

[q3_1] Amount of influence at present: Trade unions

[q3_2] Amount of influence at present: Parliament

[q3_3] Amount of influence at present: The European Union (EU)

[q3_4] Amount of influence at present: Government

[q3_5] Amount of influence at present: Church

[q3_6] Amount of influence at present: Municipal decision makers

[q3_7] Amount of influence at present: Conservationists

[q3_8] Amount of influence at present: Market forces

[q3_9] Amount of influence at present: Judicial system

[q3_10] Amount of influence at present: Banks

[q3_11] Amount of influence at present: Family

[q3_12] Amount of influence at present: Police

[q3_13] Amount of influence at present: Political parties

[q3_14] Amount of influence at present: Armed forces

[q3_15] Amount of influence at present: Large companies

[q3_16] Amount of influence at present: President

[q3_17] Amount of influence at present: Mass media

[q3_18] Amount of influence at present: Employers' organisations

[q3_19] Amount of influence at present: Civil servants

[q3_20] Amount of influence at present: Individual citizens

[q3_21] Amount of influence at present: Civic organisations in general

[q3_22] Amount of influence at present: Universities

[q4_1] Taxation in Finland is too severe

[q4_2] If income taxes were lowered, employment would improve

[q4_3] Lowering taxes would threaten the financing of necessary welfare services

[q4_4] High income taxation forces many skilled people to move out of Finland

[q4_5] If a highly paid person moves abroad to earn more money, so be it

[q4_6] Unless income taxation is lowered, big corporations will move their head offices abroad

[q4_7] Taxation in Finland is reasonable considering the social security it provides

[q4_8] Taxation is aimed at different sources of income (e.g. wages, capital income) fairly enough

[q4_9] At different income levels, income taxation (progressive taxation) is fair nowadays

[q4_10] Corporate taxation is too high in Finland

[q4_11] Capital income taxation is too high in Finland

[q4_12] Income tax (inc. pension) is too high in Finland

[q4_13] Lower taxes would motivate people to work and become entrepreneurs

[q4_14] Safety and public services of Finnish society are good value for the taxpayers' money

[q4_15] Taxation reduces income disparities between different population groups too much

[q4_16] Nowadays, tax evasion and black economy are very common and large-scale in Finland

[q4_17] Tax evasion is a serious crime, punishments for it should be more severe

[q4_18] Finland's total tax ratio should be lowered to the average level of the EU countries

[q4_19] Greater efficiency would guarantee good public services with lighter taxation

[q4_20] High tax burden is part of the Nordic welfare society, therefore it has to be accepted

[q4_21] If taxes were lowered, the Finns could afford to pay for services which are free now

[q4_22] Labour taxation should be lowered and the tax burden on consumption increased

[q4_23] Tax cuts increase business activities and employment, which would increase total tax revenue

[q4_24] Taxation should not be lowered if it leads to the weakening of social security and public services

[q4_25] I pay unfairly high taxes

[q4_26] By paying taxes I'm of use to society and bear my responsibility for its development

[q4_27] Reform of our tax system is politically impossible

[q5a_1] The most desirable composition for a coalition government: Main parties of the coalition are the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) and the Centre Party of Finland (KESK)

[q5a_2] The most desirable composition for a coalition government: Main parties of the coalition are the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) and the National Coalition Party (KOK)

[q5a_3] The most desirable composition for a coalition government: Main parties of the coalition are the Centre Party of Finland (KESK) and the National Coaliltion Party (KOK), no left-wing parties

[q5a_4] The most desirable composition for a coalition government: A so-called 'rainbow government' (a broad spectrum of parties ranging from left to right)

[q5a_5] The most desirable composition for a coalition government: Can't say

[q5b_1] The least desirable composition for a coalition government: Main parties of the coalition are the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) and the Centre Party of Finland (KESK)

[q5b_2] The least desirable composition for a coalition government: Main parties of the coalition are the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) and the National Coalition Party (KOK)

[q5b_3] The least desirable composition for a coalition government: Main parties of the coalition are the Centre Party of Finland (KESK) and the National Coaliltion Party (KOK), no left-wing parties

[q5b_4] The least desirable composition for a coalition government: A so-called 'rainbow government' (a broad spectrum of parties ranging from left to right)

[q5b_5] The least desirable composition for a coalition government: Can't say

[q5c_1] The most likely composition for a coalition government: Main parties of the coalition are the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) and the Centre Party of Finland (KESK)

[q5c_2] The most likely composition for a coalition government: Main parties of the coalition are the Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) and the National Coalition Party (KOK)

[q5c_3] The most likely composition for a coalition government: Main parties of the coalition are the Centre Party of Finland (KESK) and the National Coaliltion Party (KOK), no left-wing parties

[q5c_4] The most likely composition for a coalition government: A so-called 'rainbow government' (a broad spectrum of parties ranging from left to right)

[q5c_5] The most likely composition for a coalition government: Can't say

[q6] Which party should the next prime minister represent?

[q7_1] The development of society should be emphasised on: Appreciating the individual and supporting initiative

[q7_2] The development of society should be emphasised on: Social and economic equality

[q7_3] The development of society should be emphasised on: Respect for traditional values

[q7_4] The development of society should be emphasised on: Ability to undertake bold reforms

[q7_5] The development of society should be emphasised on: Pluralism, tolerance, and liberalism

[q7_6] The development of society should be emphasised on: Freedom of competition and entrepreneurship

[q7_7] The development of society should be emphasised on: State and municipal ownership of and participation in business

[q7_8] The development of society should be emphasised on: Individual responsibility for one's own welfare

[q7_9] The development of society should be emphasised on: Social responsibility and care for individuals

[q8_1] The role of the mother equips one with the skills needed in managerial work, because it is so challenging

[q8_2] Women usually consider their decisions more carefully than men

[q8_3] Women have brought humane values to decision making processes in business life and society

[q8_4] Female politicians are just as tough and calculating as their male co-workers

[q8_5] Gender quotas (e.g. in the management of an enterprise) are an efficient way to promote equality between men and women

[q8_6] Gender quotas for women are a wrong way to promote the status or careers of women

[q8_7] Economic life has much to learn from how women have ascended the political ladder

[q8_8] The status of women is better in Finland than in the EU countries on average

[q8_9] Women often advance their careers just because they are women

[q8_10] A woman must be much better than a man in order to reach the same status

[q8_11] It is wrong that women still do not always receive the same pay as men doing the same work

[q8_12] The role of women has always been of decisive importance in developing Finnish society

[q9a] What is your attitude to Finland's EU membership nowadays?

[q9b] What is your attitude to the replacement of the Finnish currency with euro at the beginning of 2002?

[q9c] What is your attitude to the EU's enlargement to Eastern and Central Europe and the Baltic States in the spring of 2004?

[bv1] Respondent's gender

[bv2] Respondent's age group

[bv3] Size of municipality of residence

[bv4] Respondent's location of residence - Municipality type

[bv5] Respondent's basic education

[bv6] Respondent's vocational education

[bv7] Respondent's industry of employment

[bv8] Respondent's location of residence - County

[bv9] Respondent's occupational group

[bv10] Respondent's federation of trade unions membership

[bv11] If parliamentary elections were held now, which political party would you vote for?

[bv12] Self-designated social class