Select variable

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[q1] At the moment, how interested are you in issues relating to Finland's EU membership?

[q2] How well informed do you feel you are of these issues?

[q3_a] Finland has been able to influence decision-making in the EU

[q3_b] The EU should have a common foreign policy in order to have credibility in international politics

[q3_c] Although the EU has its problems, it is nevertheless the only power that can lead and control Europe's development

[q3_d] EU decision-making should be based more on majority voting and the veto powers of individual member states should be limited

[q3_e] Climate change is the greatest environmental threat of our time and in order to prevent it, every country must take immediate and effective measures

[q3_f] Being a small country, Finland should be much more actively involved in EU policy-making to really be able to influence the Union's decisions

[q3_g] The EU should have a common defence

[q3_h] I am satisfied with the actions of our current government in EU issues

[q3_i] The EU member states should be able to influence the policy of the European Central Bank

[q3_j] Joining EMU (Economic and Monetary Union) was the right decision for Finland

[q3_k] Finland should be more active in looking out for its own national interests in the EU

[q3b_a] Finland has been able to retain its national identity even as an EU member

[q3b_b] EU membership obliges Finns to comply with many norms and regulations which we neither want nor need

[q3b_c] Finland should leave the EU altogether

[q3b_d] The EU must be the leading actor in international environmental policy

[q3b_e] International environmental agreements and regulations threaten Finland's competitiveness

[q3b_f] Swedes were wise to vote 'no' to the Euro and EMU

[q3b_g] In the future, the EU will become a tight federation where nation states no longer have any significance

[q3b_h] The actions and policies of the United States in international politics are legitimate and deserve the support of Finns

[q3b_i] Within the EU, there is a continuous shift in the balance of power towards the large member states

[q3b_j] Finnish decision-makers focus too much on international issues, forgetting domestic problems

[q3b_k] Finland has the moral responsibility to be in the vanguard of tackling the climate change

[q3c_a] Finland should join NATO

[q3c_b] Even though Finland is part of the EU, Nordic cooperation is still very important to us

[q3c_c] Increasing immigration to Finland brings us useful international influences

[q3c_d] Even though Russia has its own problems, Finns have nowadays no reason to have a negative attitude towards our large neighbour

[q3c_e] The fact that our population is ageing and diminishing requires that Finland make immigration easier

[q3c_f] In all circumstances, Finland has to be capable of taking care of its own security, others cannot help us

[q3c_g] The Finnish media is not objective in EU membership matters and restricts publication of anti-EU material

[q3c_h] Finland's EU membership opened up our borders, which has weakened our moral backbone

[q3c_i] Finns should effectively protect their unique culture from the ever-increasing internationalisation

[q3c_j] Nowadays I feel that I am not only Finnish, but increasingly also European

[q3c_k] The wariness Finnish people show towards foreigners is wise guardedness, not ignorance or racism

[q3d_a] Finland should be pursuing its own interests in the EU even if it means paralyzing the decision-making abilities of the EU or the euro area

[q3d_b] Euro countries should not be saddled with the responsibility of individual member countries' economic problems

[q3d_c] Europe can only prosper in the future by continuing to deepen its integration

[q3d_d] The real problem of Europe is the lack of economic growth and enterprise

[q3d_e] The problems of Europe cannot be solved through increased integration, because its current problems are caused by excessive integration

[q3d_f] The current discussion on the EU is characterised by populism and hindsight

[q3d_g] In the current situation, there is a risk that Finland turns inwards and is left out of international development

[q3d_h] I would support Finland's membership in NATO if our country's top government leaders supported it

[q3d_i] To ensure compliance with common rules, euro countries should give the EU the right to audit their national budgets

[q3d_j] Returning to the Finnish mark as a result of the euro crisis would be unfortunate for ordinary consumers and people with debts

[q3d_k] The lack of decision-making ability is one of the biggest problems facing the EU

[q4a_a] What is the likelihood of the following happening in the next 10 years: The EU will be dissolved

[q4a_b] What is the likelihood of the following happening in the next 10 years: The euro will be abolished and national currencies reintroduced

[q4a_c] What is the likelihood of the following happening in the next 10 years: All member states will change over to the euro

[q4a_d] What is the likelihood of the following happening in the next 10 years: Finland will give up the euro

[q4a_e] What is the likelihood of the following happening in the next 10 years: The EU will become a federation

[q4a_f] What is the likelihood of the following happening in the next 10 years: Finland will leave the EU

[q4a_g] What is the likelihood of the following happening in the next 10 years: The weakest euro countries leave the Monetary Union

[q4a_h] What is the likelihood of the following happening in the next 10 years: The strongest euro countries leave the Monetary Union

[q4b_a] How desirable do you consider that: The EU will dissolve

[q4b_b] How desirable do you consider that: The euro will be abolished and national currencies reintroduced

[q4b_c] How desirable do you consider that: All member states will change over to the euro

[q4b_d] How desirable do you consider that: Finland will give up the euro

[q4b_e] How desirable do you consider that: The EU will become a federation

[q4b_f] How desirable do you consider that: Finland will leave the EU

[q4b_g] How desirable do you consider that: The weakest euro countries leave the Monetary Union

[q4b_h] How desirable do you consider that: The strongest euro countries leave the Monetary Union

[q5_a] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: The solidarity between EU countries' citizens has become stronger

[q5_b] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: The euro has become a strong rival to the dollar as a global currency

[q5_c] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: The EU has become comparable to the U.S. as a global player

[q5_d] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: The EU's development towards a federal state has progressed

[q5_e] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: Economic ties between the EU countries have increased

[q5_f] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: Economic policies in the EU countries have become more unified/integrated

[q5_g] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: EU has become divided into 'upstairs and downstairs folks'

[q5_h] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: Finland's influence in the EU/weight in Europe has increased

[q5_i] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: Euro area has reached a dead end that will be expensive to get out of

[q5_j] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: Interest rates have remained low and price increases/inflation moderate

[q5_k] There are different views on the consequences of the implementation of the euro. Do you agree or disagree: Finland's position and influence in the world has improved

[q6_a] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Tells openly about its objectives and activities

[q6_b] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Enhances the preservation of peace in Europe

[q6_c] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Takes environmental protection seriously

[q6_d] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Democratic

[q6_e] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Keeps things secret

[q6_f] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Diminishes disparity in welfare and living standards in Europe

[q6_g] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Strong countries dictate its policies too much

[q6_h] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: EU is necessary to prevent Germany from gaining supremacy

[q6_i] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Overemphasises economic values, neglects social ones

[q6_j] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Bureaucratic

[q6_k] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Threatens the national existence of small countries

[q6_l] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Is today's Soviet Union, a utopia destined to fail

[q6_m] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Functions well only when the economy is strong, disunited during economically difficult times

[q6_n] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Consolidates the position of Europe in global competition

[q6_o] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Steadfast defender of Western civilisation and values

[q6_p] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Enriches Finnish everyday life (food, culture, fashion, art)

[q6_q] People have different views on the EU. How well do you think the following characterises the EU: Erodes national cultures

[q7a] What is your present attitude towards Finland's EU membership?

[q7b] And what is your attitude towards the fact that our currency was changed from the Finnish mark to euro?

[q7c] Do you think that the euro and the EMU membership are an advantage or disadvantage to Finland in the current economic situation?

[q7d] Has your attitude towards the EU become more favourable or critical in recent years?

[q7e] How do you see Finland's stance on supporting euro countries that are in financial difficulties?

[q7f] If the referendum on Finland's EU membership were held now, would you be in favour of the membership or against it?

[t1] The respondent's gender

[t2] The respondent's age group

[t3] Number of inhabitants in the respondent's municipality of residence

[t4] The respondent's basic education

[t5] The respondent's vocational education

[t6] The respondent's economic activity and occupational status

[t7] The respondent's industry of employment

[t8] If the parliamentary elections were held now, the candidate of which political party would you vote for?

[t9] The respondent's region of residence (NUTS3)

[k50] Which of the following do you live in:

[t14] Are you a member of a federation of trade unions/professional organisations?

[t14a] Which federation of trade unions/professional organisations are you a member of?

[q15] Which social class do you feel you primarily belong to?

[k] Comments (open-ended question)

[paino_1] Weight (population estimates based on the actual numbers)

[paino_2] Weight (population estimates rounded to the nearest thousand)

[paino_3] Weight (weights the sample to the population distribution but does not give estimates)