Study title

Festival Barometer 2014-2016

Dataset ID Number

FSD3324

Persistent identifiers

https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3324
https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3324

Data Type

Quantitative

Authors

• Kinnunen, Maarit (University of Lapland. Lapland Institute for Tourism Research)

Abstract

The festival barometer aims to collect information on Finnish festival visitors and the changes that occur in their taste in music and festivals over the years. This study includes the surveys for the 2014 and 2016 festival barometers. The music festivals examined include Blockfest (Tampere), Flow Festival (Helsinki), Ilosaarirock (Joensuu), Jurassic Rock (Mikkeli), Kuopio RockCock (Kuopio), Pori Jazz, Provinssi (Seinäjoki), Qstock (Oulu), Ruisrock (Turku), Tuska Open Air Metal Festival (Helsinki) and Weekend Festival (Helsinki).

The Lapland Institute for Tourism Research participated in conducting both barometers. Additionally, in 2014, the TATU2 project by the Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences and the JOHDE II project by the Turku School of Economics and the University of the Arts Helsinki were involved in conducting the barometer. In 2016, the barometer was conducted together with the Seinäjoki Unit of the Sibelius Academy (a unit of the University of the Arts Helsinki).

First, the respondents were asked which Finnish festivals they had visited during the past few years and how interesting they thought various Finnish festivals were. Opinions on the general quality of various aspects of the biggest Finnish festivals, such as performers, food and drink services, security, and marketing, were charted. Next, the respondents were asked whether they would attend festivals more often if various preconditions were fulfilled (e.g. if the performers were more interesting, tickets were cheaper, travelling to the festival was easier, cheaper or faster, or more information was available on festivals). Some questions focused on the significance of several aspects for achieving a successful festival experience, for example, positive surprises in performances, diverse food and drink services, clean bathrooms, and the values represented by the festival.

The respondents' opinions on how much festival products and services should cost were surveyed next. The products and services surveyed included, for instance, a three-day admission ticket for a festival with domestic performers, a quality portion of food served in the festival area, and a glass of beer or cider served in the festival area. The respondents were also asked how likely it was that they would visit a festival next year, in five years or in ten years. The respondents' taste in music (e.g. how interesting they thought pop, rock, punk or jazz music was) as well as their relationship with music (e.g. whether music was one of the most important things in their life and whether they actively recommended artists, songs or albums to their friends) were examined. Finally, the respondents were asked how important several values were for them personally (e.g. power, pleasure, benevolence and tradition).

Background variables included the respondent's year of birth, gender, municipality of residence (categorised into largest cities or NUTS3 regions), highest level of education, occupational status, subjective social class and gross annual income.

Keywords

cultural events; cultural participation; entertainment; festivals; music

Topic Classification

• Social sciences (Fields of Science Classification)
• Consumption and consumer behaviour (CESSDA Topic Classification)
• Cultural activities and participation (CESSDA Topic Classification)
• Leisure, tourism and sport (CESSDA Topic Classification)

Series

Festival Barometers

Distributor

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Access

The dataset is (D) available only by permission from the data depositor/creator.

Data Collector

• Kinnunen, Maarit (University of Lapland. Lapland Institute for Tourism Research)

Time Period Covered

• 2014
• 2016

Collection Dates

• 2014-10
• 2016-09

Nation

Finland

Geographical Coverage

Finland

Analysis/Observation Unit Type

Individual

Universe

Visitors of the Blockfest (Tampere), Flow Festival (Helsinki), Ilosaarirock (Joensuu), Jurassic Rock (Mikkeli), Kuopio RockCock (Kuopio), Provinssi (Seinäjoki), Qstock (Oulu), Ruisrock (Turku), Tuska Open Air Metal Festival (Helsinki), Weekend Festival (Helsinki) and Pori Jazz (Pori) festivals

Time Method

Longitudinal: Cohort/Event-based

Sampling Procedure

Non-probability: Availability

The festivals examined in the study shared a link to the online questionnaire on social media, and the festival visitors who saw the link decided whether they wanted to participate in the study. Two admission tickets per festival were raffled among the participants. In 2014, 4,475 persons participated in the study, and in 2016, 4,116 persons participated in the study. Of the respondents, 797 persons participated in the follow-up study, meaning that the same persons responded to the questionnaire in both 2014 and 2016.

Collection Mode

Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)

Research Instrument

Structured questionnaire

Data File Language

Downloaded data package may contain different language versions of the same files.

The data files of this dataset are available in the following languages: Finnish.

FSD translates quantitative data into English on request, free of charge. More information on ordering data translation.

Data Version

1.0

Completeness of Data and Restrictions

The number of respondents varied significantly between festivals. Using a weight is recommended in processing the data.

This dataset includes the responses to the 2014 and 2016 surveys. The responses of participants who responded for the first time to either the 2014 or the 2016 survey are included first in the dataset. The responses of the follow-up study participants to the 2016 survey are included at the end. The variable names contain a letter at the end to indicate which participant group the responses belong to: Z indicates first-time participants' responses to the 2014 survey, Y indicates first-time participants' responses to the 2016 survey, X indicates the combined responses of all participants who responded for the first time (the Z and Y participant groups combined), and V indicates the follow-up study participants' responses to the 2016 survey (participants who had responded for the first time to the 2014 survey and later also responded to the 2016 survey).

To prevent identification of respondents, questions k24-k27 concerning willingness to participate in the follow-up study or in the raffling of festival admission tickets were removed from the data. All open-ended response options "Other, please specify", excluding variable k2_24b denoting visits to foreign music festivals, were removed from the data. The variables denoting the respondent's municipality of residence outside the capital area were categorised into NUTS3 regions and the largest cities in Finland (over 50,000 inhabitants). Open-ended responses to variable k9 denoting the reasons why the respondent thought it was unlikely they would visit a festival in five years were anonymised regarding health information. Additionally, responses that indicated that the respondent had volunteered at festivals were marked as missing information. Changes made at FSD are marked with [square brackets].

Weighting

The data include a weight variable, which weights the data according to the attendance of the festivals.

Citation Requirement

The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.

Bibliographical Citation

Kinnunen, Maarit (University of Lapland): Festival Barometer 2014-2016 [dataset]. Version 1.0 (2020-04-22). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3324

Deposit Requirement

Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.

Special Terms and Conditions for Access

The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.

Disclaimer

The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.

Related Publications

Kinnunen, M., Luonila, M. & Honkanen A. (2018). Segmentation of music festival attendees. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2018.1519459

Kinnunen, M., Luonila, M. & Koivisto, J. (2017). Festivaalibarometri 2016: Yleiskatsaus ja suurimmat muutokset vuoteen 2014 verrattuna. Sibelius-Akatemian selvityksiä ja raportteja 19. ISBN 978-952-329-093-8

Kinnunen, M., Luonila, M., Rumpunen, S. & Koivisto, J. (2015). Festivaalibarometri 2014:n tuloksia. Teoksessa M. Luonila & J. Koivisto (toim.), "Rock, ra(u)ha ja rakkaus" Festivaalibarometri 2014 ja katsaus tapahtumien muuttuvaan toimintaympäristöön (ss. 7-29). (Julkaisusarja A - Turun yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu, Porin yksikkö, Nro 50/2015.) Pori: Turun yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu, Porin yksikkö. ISBN 978-952-249-447-4

Kinnunen, M. & Luonila, M. (2015). Festivaalibarometri 2014: Kävijöiden segmentointi. Teoksessa M. Luonila & J. Koivisto (toim.), "Rock, ra(u)ha ja rakkaus" Festivaalibarometri 2014 ja katsaus tapahtumien muuttuvaan toimintaympäristöön (ss. 30-47). (Julkaisusarja A - Turun yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu, Porin yksikkö, Nro 50/2015.) Pori: Turun yliopiston kauppakorkeakoulu, Porin yksikkö. ISBN: 978-952-249-447-4

Kinnunen, M. & Koivisto, J. & Luonila, M. (2019). Festivaalibarometri 2018: Yleiskatsaus ja olennaisimmat muutokset 2014-2018 [verkkodokumentti]. (Sibelius-Akatemian selvityksiä ja raportteja 21.) Helsinki: Sibelius-Akatemia. ISBN 978-952-329-135-5, ISSN 1798-5455. https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10138/228446/Festivaalibarometri_2016_Kinnunen_Luonila_Koivisto.pdf [viitattu 10.1.2022]

Kinnunen, M., Honkanen, A. & Karjalainen, T-M. (2020). The characteristics of a Finnish metal fan: Comparative study on music festival attendees. Metal Music Studies, 6(2), 215-236. https://doi.org/10.1386/mms_00014_1

Kinnunen, M., Honkanen, A., & Luonila, M. (2021). Frequent music festival attendance: Festival fandom and career development. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 12(2), 128-147. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-08-2020-0050

Kinnunen, M., & Honkanen, A. (2021). Femininity in metal fanship: 'I do not need to take anyone along'. Metal Music Studies, 7(2), 211-235. https://doi.org/10.1386/mms_00046_1

Kinnunen, M. (2020). Juurista latvoille: Nuoret & elävä musiikki [verkkodokumentti]. Helsinki: LiveFIN ry. https://90c1ba84-4c53-46b8-b98c-9145bf3d711c.usrfiles.com/ugd/90c1ba_4659d1d6fff04082b85eabf6b146826e.pdf [viitattu 13.1.2022]