Select variable

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[a1] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: People should have the right to gamble whenever they want

[a2] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: There are too many opportunities to gamble these days

[a3] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: People should not be encouraged to gamble

[a4] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Most people who gamble do so in moderation

[a5] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Gambling is dangerous to family life

[a6] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: On the whole, gambling is beneficial to society

[a7] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Gambling brightens people's lives

[a8] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements: Complete prohibition of gambling would be for the best

[a9a] Think about the last 12 months. What do you think about the advertising in Finland by Veikkaus? Is there:

[a9b] Think about the last 12 months. How do you feel about the advertising in Finland by other gambling and betting companies? (other agencies such as PAF, Unibet, Kolikkopelit.com, Nordicbet, MrGreen Pokerstars, Betsson, LeoVegas) Is there:

[a10] Slot machines are available in many places in our everyday life, such as grocery stores, kiosks, and services stations. How do you feel about the proposition that slot machines should only be available in separate gambling arcades?

[a10b] As of 2022, players need to authenticate themselves at slot machines in places such as kiosks, grocery stores, and service stations. What do you think about this decision?

[a11] Do you think the Finnish model where gambling is a state-run monopoly, organised through Veikkaus, is a good way to limit the harm caused by gambling?

[a11b] Finns can also play online games provided by foreign online gambling sites. What do you think about the proposition that the activity of such sites would be prevented in Finland by e.g. restricting money transfers or internet connection?

[a13] Do you think gambling problems are a serious problem in Finland?

[b1] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Veikkaus weekly lottery draws (Lotto (National Lottery), Eurojackpot, Viking Lotto or Jokeri, Plussa or Lomatonni)

[b1b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Lotto (National Lottery), Eurojackpot, Viking Lotto or Jokeri, Plussa or Lomatonni)?

[b2] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Veikkaus quick daily raffles: Syke, eBingo, Pore, Tähdenlento, virtual betting

[b2b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Veikkaus quick daily raffles: Syke, eBingo, Pore, Tähdenlento, virtual betting)?

[b3] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Other Veikkaus daily lotteries such as Keno, Synttärit, Kaikki tai ei mitään

[b3b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Other Veikkaus daily lotteries such as Keno, Synttärit, Kaikki tai ei mitään)?

[b4b] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Veikkaus scratch cards, such as Ässä, Casino, or Luontoarpa

[b4bb] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Veikkaus scratch cards, such as Ässä, Casino, or Luontoarpa)?

[b4a] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Veikkaus scratch cards, such as Ässä, Casino, or Luontoarpa on the Veikkaus website

[b4ab] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Veikkaus scratch cards, such as Ässä, Casino, or Luontoarpa on the Veikkaus website)?

[b6] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Veikkaus horse race betting

[b6b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Veikkaus horse race betting)?

[b5] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Veikkaus sports betting or Vakioveikkaus

[b5b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Veikkaus sports betting or Vakioveikkaus)?

[b7] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Gambled at Casino Helsinki

[b7b] (IF YES) How often have you gambled at Casino Helsinki?

[b8b] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Veikkaus slot machines in physical locations, such as kiosks, grocery stores, or service stations

[b8bb] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Veikkaus slot machines in physical locations, such as kiosks, grocery stores, or service stations)?

[b8c] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Slot machine games in Veikkaus gambling arcades such as Feel Vegas or Pelaamo (other than a casino)

[b8cb] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Slot machine games in Veikkaus gambling arcades such as Feel Vegas or Pelaamo, other than a casino)?

[b8a] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Slot machine games on the Veikkaus website

[b8ab] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Slot machine games on the Veikkaus website)?

[b9] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Veikkaus table games operated by a croupier somewhere else than a casino (e.g. poker, roulette, blackjack)

[b9b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Veikkaus table game operated by a dealer somewhere else than at a casino, e.g. poker, roulette, blackjack)?

[b10] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Internet poker at the Veikkaus online casino

[b10b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Internet poker at the Veikkaus online casino)?

[b13] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Private betting pools and/or card games for money

[b13b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Private betting pools and/or card games for money)?

[b14] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Gambling games available on cruises to Sweden or Estonia (provided by PAF)

[b14b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Gambling games available on cruises to Sweden or Estonia, provided by PAF)?

[b16] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Online gambling games by PAF (other than games available on cruises)

[b16b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (Online gambling games by PAF (other than games available on cruises))?

[b18] In the last 12 months, have you played gambling games on foreign online gaming sites?

[b18b] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (gambling games on foreign online gaming sites)?

[b18yy] In the last 12 months, have you played the following games: Games by PAF or foreign gaming operators in land-based gaming sites or arcades located outside of continental Finland?

[b18yyb] (IF YES) How often have you played these games (games by PAF or foreign gaming operators in land-based gaming sites or arcades located outside of continental Finland)?

[b18xa] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Raffles and lotteries, including eBingo

[b18xb] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Slot machine games

[b18xc] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Daily raffles, such as keno

[b18xd] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Scratch cards

[b18xe] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Horse race betting

[b18xf] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Sports betting

[b18xg] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Poker

[b18xh] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Other table games, such as black jack or roulette

[b18xi] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Something else

[b18ximuu] When you played games by some other company than Veikkaus (in the last 12 months), which types of games did you play? Other, please specify (open-ended)

[b18xx_1] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Free spins

[b18xx_2] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Big wins

[b18xx_3] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Good odds of winning or good payout ratio

[b18xx_4] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Interesting games

[b18xx_5] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Wider selection of games

[b18xx_6] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? More players

[b18xx_7] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Easy to start playing

[b18xx_8] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Games are more fast-paced

[b18xx_9] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Membership benefits

[b18xx_10] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Bonuses

[b18xx_11] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Winnings are quickly delivered to my account

[b18xx_12] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Veikkaus' limitations on gambling or gambling security limits / more responsible way of gambling

[b18xx_13] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? The limitations on gambling or gambling security limits / more responsible way of gambling of the other company

[b18xx_14] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? A friend told me about them or recommended them

[b18xx_15] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Advertisements

[b18xx_16] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Desire to experiment

[b18xx_17] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Other reason

[b18xxmuu] What were the main reasons you played games by some other companies than Veikkaus? Other, please specify (open-ended)

[b18ca] Have you gambled on the Internet on the veikkaus.fi website?

[b18cb] Do you have a Veikkaus card (authentication/membership card issued by Veikkaus)?

[b18cc] (IF B18CB=YES) Do you use your Veikkaus card when playing games in physical locations?

[b18d] (IF B18CA=1 OR B18CB=1) What is the level of your Veikkaus membership?

[b18e] (IF B18CA=1 OR B18CB=1) Have you felt (in the last 12 months) that Veikkaus' restrictions on online gambling and services for controlling gambling, such as limits for transfers and losses, have been useful to you?

[b18ya] You responded that you have played X number of different types of games (B1-B18). Did you feel that some of the types of games you played were harmful to you?

[b18yb_1] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Weekly lottery draws

[b18yb_2] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Quick daily lotteries on the Internet

[b18yb_3] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Other lottery games

[b18yb_4] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Scratch cards on the Internet

[b18yb_5] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Scratch cards

[b18yb_6] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Horse race betting

[b18yb_7] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Sports betting or Vakioveikkaus

[b18yb_8] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Gambling at Casino Helsinki

[b18yb_9] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Slot machine games on the Internet

[b18yb_10] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Slot machine games in physical locations (e.g. kiosks, grocery stores, service stations)

[b18yb_11] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Slot machine games in gambling arcades

[b18yb_12] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Veikkaus table games operated by a croupier

[b18yb_13] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Online poker on the Veikkaus website

[b18yb_14] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Private betting/playing cards for money

[b18yb_15] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Gambling games available on cruises (PAF)

[b18yb_16] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Gambling games on the Internet provided by PAF

[b18yb_17] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Gambling games on foreign online gaming sites

[b18yb_18] Which types of games did you feel were harmful? Gambling games in physical locations abroad

[b20a] Where did you gamble during the last 12 months?

[b20ba] (IF B20A=1 OR B20A=2) When you gambled on the Internet (in the last 12 months), did you gamble: On a computer

[b20bb] (IF B20A=1 OR B20A=2) When you gambled on the Internet (in the last 12 months), did you gamble: Mobile on a phone, tablet or similar device

[b20c] How many gambling-related game accounts do you have outside Veikkaus?

[b21] Think about the last 12 months. Estimate the amount of money that you spent on gambling (in euros). You can estimate the amount you spent on average in one week, one month, or the entire year.

[b21a] Think about the last 12 months. Estimate the amount of money that you spent on gambling (in euros). The amount I spent on gambling on average per week was (in euros)...

[b21b] Think about the last 12 months. Estimate the amount of money that you spent on gambling (in euros). The amount I spent on gambling on average per month was (in euros)...

[b21c] Think about the last 12 months. Estimate the amount of money that you spent on gambling (in euros). The amount I spent on gambling on average in the last 12 months was (in euros)...

[b21x] (IF B13-B18=yes) You said you spent X euros on gambling during a week/month/year (question B21). Of the total sum, how many euros did you spend on Veikkaus games?

[b25a] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: At home

[b25b] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: At work

[b25c] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: In kiosks

[b25d] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: In grocery stores or shopping centres

[b25e] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: In cafés

[b25f] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: At petrol/service stations

[b25g] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: In restaurants or bars

[b25h] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: In Veikkaus' gambling arcades such as Pelaamo, Feel Vegas

[b25i] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: Somewhere else

[b25i_muu] In which type of environments did you gamble in the last 12 months? Did you play: Somewhere else, please specify

[b26a] What would you say was the main reason for your gambling? Choose only one alternative

[b26a_muu] What would you say was the main reason for your gambling? Choose only one alternative: Other, please specify (open-ended)

[b26b_1] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: For excitement, entertainment or fun

[b26b_2] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: To win money

[b26b_3] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: To develop your skills

[b26b_4] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: To compete or challenge yourself

[b26b_5] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: To socialize with others

[b26b_6] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: To support worthy causes

[b26b_7] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: To escape, relax or relieve stress

[b26b_8] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: Because it made you feel you were good or skilful

[b26b_9] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: Some other reason

[b26b_muu] What other reasons did you have for gambling? You can choose more than one: Some other reason, please specify (open-ended)

[b19] (IF B1-B18=2) Have you ever in your lifetime participated in any form of gambling?

[c1] The next questions concern your relationship with gambling. Respond according to the past 12 months. When you gamble, how often do you go back another day to win back money you have lost?

[c2] Did you ever in the past 12 months claim to be winning money gambling when, in fact, you were losing?

[c3] Have you gambled more than you intended to (in the past 12 months)?

[c4] Have you felt guilty when gambling (in the past 12 months)?

[c5] Have you (in the past 12 months) felt like you would like to stop betting money on gambling, but did not think that you could?

[c6] In the past 12 months, have you hidden betting slips, lottery tickets, gambling money, IOUs, or other signs of betting or gambling from your spouse, children or other important people in your life?

[c7] Have you argued with people you live with over how you handle money (in the past 12 months)?

[c8] Have these arguments ever centered on your gambling?

[c9] Have you, in the past 12 months, borrowed from someone and not paid them back as a result of your gambling?

[c10] Have you ever lost time from work or study due to betting money or gambling?

[c11] Have you in the past 12 months borrowed money for gambling or to pay off gambling debts?

[c12] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: From household money

[c13] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: From your spouse/partner

[c14] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: From other relatives or in-laws

[c15] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: From a bank or other credit institution

[c16] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: From credit cards

[c22] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: With so-called instant loans

[c17] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: From private persons giving loans

[c18] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: By cashing in shares or other stock

[c19] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: By selling personal or family property

[c20] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: By passing bad checks

[c21] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: From a pawn shop

[c23] (IF C11=yes) In the past 12 months, have you borrowed/acquired money to gamble or to pay gambling debts: From a friend or acquaintance

[c24] How often in the past 12 months have you felt you may have a problem with gambling?

[c25] Thinking about the past 12 months, how often have you gambled with sums larger than you could actually afford to lose?

[c26] Thinking about the past 12 months, how often have you had to gamble with larger sums than before in order to get the same thrill out of gambling?

[c27] How often in the past 12 months have you borrowed money or sold something in order to acquire money for gambling?

[c28] How often in the past 12 months has gambling caused you health problems, including stress or anxiety?

[c29] How often in the past 12 months have you been criticised for gambling or been told that gambling is a problem for you, regardless of what you yourself think?

[c30] How often in the past 12 months has gambling caused financial problems to you or your household?

[c31] How often in the past 12 months have you felt guilt over how you gamble or over what happens when you gamble?

[d1a] Has gambling been a problem for any of the following people close to you: Your father

[d1b] Has gambling been a problem for any of the following people close to you: Your mother

[d1c] Has gambling been a problem for any of the following people close to you: Your brother or sister

[d1d] Has gambling been a problem for any of the following people close to you: Your grandparent/grandparents

[d1e] Has gambling been a problem for any of the following people close to you: Your spouse/partner

[d1f] Has gambling been a problem for any of the following people close to you: Your child(ren)

[d1g] Has gambling been a problem for any of the following people close to you: A very close friend of yours

[d2a] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused emotional strain, such as stress, anxiety, depression, hopelessness, or guilt

[d2b] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Impacted your general health negatively (insomnia, headache, back pain, stomach pain etc.)

[d2c] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused problems in your relationship, such as arguments, mistrust, separation or divorce

[d2d] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused other problems in your relationships, such as disagreements, isolation or end of a friendship

[d2e] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused the loss of or threat of losing your home or apartment

[d2f] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused other financial problems, such as difficulty paying bills and gambling debts, or bad credit

[d2g] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused concern for your child's health or well-being

[d2h] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused concern for the health and wellbeing of someone close to you

[d2i] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused emotional abuse, such as blackmail or intimidation

[d2j] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused physical violence, threat of physical violence, or witnessing physical violence

[d2k] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused being a victim of some other crime, such as theft or identity theft

[d2x] (IF D1A-D1G=2, 3, 4) What sort of problems has gambling by people close to you caused you? Has it: Caused negative effects on work, applying for work, or studies

[d2l] Has gambling by people close to you caused you any other types of problems?

[d2muu] Please describe what other types of problems gambling by people close to you has caused: (open-ended)

[e12] Have you played video, console, computer, or mobile games in the last 12 months?

[e13] (IF E12=yes) How often have you played these games?

[e14] (IF E13=1-3) How many hours did you play them in the last week?

[e15] (IF E13=4-5) How many hours did you play them in the last month?

[e16a1] Have you spent money on some of the following additional features of digital games? Speeding up gameplay

[e16a2] Have you spent money on some of the following additional features of digital games? Virtual items

[e16a3] Have you spent money on some of the following additional features of digital games? More levels in the game

[e16a4] Have you spent money on some of the following additional features of digital games? Game characters

[e16a5] Have you spent money on some of the following additional features of digital games? Loot boxes

[e16a6] Have you spent money on some of the following additional features of digital games? Buying the in-game currency

[e16a7] Have you spent money on some of the following additional features of digital games? Other additional features

[e16a7m] Have you spent money on some of the following additional features of digital games? Other additional features, please specify (open-ended)

[e16] How often in the last 12 months have you felt that playing video, console, computer, or mobile games could be a problem for you?

[e17a] Thinking about playing digital games, how often in the last 12 months: You have thought about playing throughout the day

[e17b] Thinking about playing digital games, how often in the last 12 months: You have spent more time on digital games than before

[e17c] Thinking about playing digital games, how often in the last 12 months: You have played digital games to forget about everything else

[e17d] Thinking about playing digital games, how often in the last 12 months: Others have tried to get you to play less, but have not succeeded

[e17e] Thinking about playing digital games, how often in the last 12 months: You have felt miserable because you haven't been able to play

[e17f] Thinking about playing digital games, how often in the last 12 months: You have argued with others (e.g. spouse/partner, family, friends) about how much time you spend playing games

[e17g] Thinking about playing digital games, how often in the last 12 months: You have neglected other important aspects of life (e.g. work, school, exercise) to play games

[e1] What would you say your health is like these days? Is it:

[e2] How much of the past four weeks have you: Been very nervous/anxious?

[e3] How much of the past four weeks have you: Felt so low that nothing could cheer you up?

[e4] How much of the past four weeks have you: Felt calm and peaceful?

[e5] How much of the past four weeks have you: Felt downhearted and low?

[e6] How much of the past four weeks have you: Been happy?

[e9] How often have you drunk alcohol in the past 12 months? Please also include the times when you have consumed only small amounts, for instance, a bottle of lager (0.33 litres) or a drop of wine.

[e10] How many drinks did you normally consume on the days you drank alcohol? One unit = 33 cl bottle/can of medium strength beer or cider; 12 cl light wine / 8 cl strong wine; 4 cl spirits

[e11] How often have you had six or more drinks at a time?

[f1a] The respondent's gender

[f1b] The respondent's year of birth

[f1c] Marital status:

[f1e] What is the highest level of education you have attained? Is it:

[f2] Estimate your average monthly income after taxes. Include all regular income after taxes, such as salaries, income from capital, pensions and social security benefits (in euros).

[f3] Are you currently:

[maakunta] The respondent's region of residence (NUTS3)

[suuralue] The respondent's major region of residence (NUTS2)

[maka] Urban-rural classification (based on respondent's place of residence)

[wcal] Expansion weight

[wcal2] Analysis weight