Study title

Early Childhood Education and Care Survey 2016

Dataset ID Number

FSD3577

Persistent identifier

urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3577

Data Type

Quantitative

Authors

• Hietamäki, Johanna (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare)
• Lammi-Taskula, Johanna (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare)
• Alasuutari, Maarit (University of Jyväskylä)
• Hautala, Paula (University of Jyväskylä)
• Kuukka, Anu (University of Jyväskylä)
• Kuusiholma, Julia (University of Jyväskylä)
• Ruutiainen, Ville (University of Jyväskylä)
• Räikkönen, Eija (University of Jyväskylä)
• Eerola, Petteri (Tampere University)
• Karila, Kirsti (Tampere University)
• Paananen, Maiju (Tampere University)
• Repo, Katja (Tampere University)

Abstract

The survey examined the circumstances of families with one-year-old children regarding, among other topics, living arrangements, income, parental roles, childcare arrangements, and childcare allowances and vouchers. Respondents included the guardians of one-year-old children in Finland. The survey was conducted as part of the Finnish Childcare Policies: In/equality in Focus (CHILDCARE) research project, a joint collaboration by the University of Jyväskylä, Tampere University and Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare.

First, the respondents were asked about their one-year-old child's health and development. Questions surveyed, for example, breastfeeding, possible medical conditions, and the respondents' relationship with their child. Regarding childcare arrangements, the respondents were asked where they had looked for information on day care services and financial support, what arrangements they had in place for their one-year-old and any other children, how satisfied they were with the arrangements, and whether they received any financial support towards the cost of childcare. Further questions were asked based on whether the child was at home or looked after by an unpaid carer or in day care.

Next, the respondents' work situation, work and family life balance, physical and mental health, and changes in family circumstances were surveyed. Questions also focused on the support the respondents received with parenting, as well as their financial situation, political decision-making, and views on day care-related issues on a municipal and general level.

Background variables included, among others, the respondent's municipality of residence (categorised), gender, age group, marital status, family composition, relationship to the one-year-old child, level of education, current activity and employment, and household income. Additionally, background information relating to the child was collected, including the child's gender, age, living arrangements, and information on the child's guardians. The education and current activity of the respondent's spouse/partner were also charted.

Keywords

child care; child day care; child development; children; family life; labour and employment; parental role; parents; pre-primary education

Topic Classification

• Social sciences (Fields of Science Classification)
• Children (CESSDA Topic Classification)
• Family life and marriage (CESSDA Topic Classification)

Series

Childcare

Distributor

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Access

The dataset is (D) available only by permission from the data depositor/creator.

Data Collector

• University of Jyväskylä
• Tampere University
• Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare

Funders

• Academy of Finland (293049)

Time Period Covered

2016

Collection Dates

2016 – 2016

Nation

Finland

Geographical Coverage

Alajärvi, Hamina, Helsinki, Jyväskylä, Kittilä, Lieksa, Oulu, Salo, Tampere, Ulvila

Analysis/Observation Unit Type

Individual

Household

Family

Universe

All parents and guardians whose child had been born between 1 October 2014 and 30 September 2015 and who were living in the municipalities of Alajärvi, Hamina, Lieksa, Kittilä, Salo and Ulvila as well as in certain postal code areas of Helsinki, Jyväskylä, Oulu and Tampere

Time Method

Longitudinal: Cohort/Event-based

Sampling Procedure

Non-probability: Purposive

The invitation to participate in the study was sent to all parents and guardians whose child had been born between 1 October 2014 and 30 September 2015 and who were living in the municipalities of Alajärvi, Hamina, Lieksa, Kittilä, Salo and Ulvila as well as in certain postal code areas of Helsinki, Jyväskylä, Oulu and Tampere. The postal code areas for the cities were selected purposively so that there were differences in the population based on level of education, employment, and dependency ratio. Postal code areas that were known to have a larger population of immigrant residents were also included in the study. Additionally, the location of the postal code area in relation to the city centre as well as the day care and early childhood education opportunities in the area were taken into account. This was done to ensure that the study included areas both with and without private day care opportunities.

The invitation and survey sent to the parents were translated to Swedish, English, Somali, and Russian. The invitation was sent to each respondent in the language recorded as their mother tongue in the Finnish population register, or in English if their mother tongue was not Finnish or any of the aforementioned languages. The second and last reminder to participate in the study was sent at the beginning of October (week 40). At this point, all respondents were sent a paper version of the questionnaire in either Finnish or Somali. The online questionnaire was still open to the respondents in Finnish, Swedish, English, Somali or Russian.

The data were collected by sending the invitation to parents of 7,649 children, totalling 14,612 respondents. At least one parent or guardian participated in the study for 2,081 children. In total, 2,696 parents or guardians responded to the survey.

Collection Mode

Self-administered questionnaire: Paper

Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)

Research Instrument

Structured questionnaire

Response Rate

18.5

Data File Language

Downloaded data package may contain different language versions of the same files.

The data files of this dataset are available in the following languages: Finnish.

FSD translates quantitative data into English on request, free of charge. More information on ordering data translation.

Data Version

1.0

Related Datasets

FSD3578 Early Childhood Education and Care Survey 2019

Completeness of Data and Restrictions

Some respondents did not follow the instructions in the questionnaire (filters) and responded to questions that were not intended for them. This should be accounted for when analysing the data. For example, question a4 received responses from parents who were cohabiting.

The anonymisation of the data was planned by the researcher, who categorised the following variables: respondent's municipality of residence (K2_Luok5), respondent's relationship to the one-year-old child (A2_2lk), respondent's year of birth (A6), current activity of the respondent (A13_SM1, A13_SM2) and the respondent's spouse/partner (A13_SP1, A13_SP2), age of the child (lapsen_ika),birth weight of the child (a15_4lk) and medical condition of the child (a25_allergia). The researcher's plan was followed and clarified at FSD by categorising the following variables: year of birth (A6), respondent's age (A6_ika), marital status (A7_3lk), childcare arrangements for the child (a32), variables relating to family leave (question 43), changes in the family's life (question 79), total floor area of respondent's home (a87) and the respondent's country of birth (a99). Additionally, all open-ended responses (excluding variable a55) and the following variables were removed from the data to prevent identification of individuals: variables denoting number of children in the household (question 9), variables denoting the child's health status (question 25), variables regarding adoption and fostering children (questions 2, 9 and 79) and variables denoting religious affiliation (question 96).

Weighting

There are no weight variables in the data.

Citation Requirement

The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.

Bibliographical Citation

Hietamäki, Johanna (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare) & Lammi-Taskula, Johanna (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare) & Alasuutari, Maarit (University of Jyväskylä) & Hautala, Paula (University of Jyväskylä) & Kuukka, Anu (University of Jyväskylä) & Kuusiholma, Julia (University of Jyväskylä) & Ruutiainen, Ville (University of Jyväskylä) & Räikkönen, Eija (University of Jyväskylä) & Eerola, Petteri (Tampere University) & Karila, Kirsti (Tampere University) & Paananen, Maiju (Tampere University) & Repo, Katja (Tampere University): Early Childhood Education and Care Survey 2016 [dataset]. Version 1.0 (2022-09-22). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3577

Deposit Requirement

Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.

Disclaimer

The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.

Related Publications

Eerola, P., Lammi-Taskula, J., O'Brien M., Hietamäki, J. & Räikkönen, E. (2019) Fathers' leave take-up in Finland: Motivations and barriers in a complex nordic leave scheme. SAGE Open 9 (4), DOI: 10.1177/2158244019885389

Hietamäki, J., Kuusiholma, J., Räikkönen, E., Alasuutari, M., Lammi-Taskula, J., Repo, K., Karila, K., Hautala, P., Kuukka, A., Paananen, M., Ruutiainen, V. & Eerola, P. (2017) Varhaiskasvatus- ja lastenhoitoratkaisut yksivuotiaiden lasten perheissä : CHILDCARE-kyselytutkimuksen 2016 perustulokset. Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitos (THL). Työpaperi 24/2017. Helsinki.

Hietamäki, J. , Repo, K. & Lammi-Taskula, J. (2018) Työsuhteen omaavat äidit lasten kotihoidon tuella - kotihoidon perustelut. Yhteiskuntapolitiikka 4/2018, 412-421.

Lammi-Taskula, J. & Hietamäki, J. (2017) Yksivuotiaiden vanhemmat tyytyväisiä varhaiskasvatukseen. Osa tarvitsisi enemmän tukea ja huomiota. Kvartti 3/2017

Lammi-Taskula, J. & Siippainen, A. (2018) Vanhempien vuorotyö, lasten hyvinvointi ja yhteistyö vanhempien kanssa varhaiskasvatuksessa. Yhteiskuntapolitiikka 4/2018, 422-426.

Paananen, M., Räikkönen, E. & Karila, K. (2018) Yksivuotiaiden lasten huoltajien subjektiivisen varhaiskasvatusoikeuden rajaamiseen liittyvät asenteet ja niitä selittävät tekijät. Yhteiskuntapolitiikka 4/ 2018, 360-373.

Repo, K., Alasuutari, M., Karila, K. & Lammi-Taskula, J. (toim.) (2020) The Policies of Childcare and Early Childhood Education. Does Equal Access Matter? Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Saranko, L., Räikkönen, E., Makkonen, M. & Alasuutari, M. (2021) Äitien palvelutyytyväisyyden rakentuminen ja yhteistyökokemukset varhaiskasvatuksessa. Journal of Early Childhood Education Research, 10 (2), 1-27.

Alanko, M. (2018) Pienen lapsen temperamentin, päivähoitomuodon ja -viihtyvyyden välinen yhteys äidin arvioimana. Varhaiskasvatustieteen pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Anttila, H. (2018) Työssäkäyvän isän suhde lapseensa ja tyytyväisyys omaan vanhemmuuteensa. Varhaiskasvatustieteen pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Blomqvist, M. (2018). Hirvittääkö ketään muuta? : äitien kriittinen suhtautuminen varhaiskasvatuspalveluiden laatuun. Varhaiskasvatustieteen pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Ekoluoma, H. (2018) Isän varhaiskasvatuspolitiikka-asenteet ja arviot lapsen viihtymisestä varhaiskasvatuksessa sekä yhteistyöstä henkilökunnan kanssa. Varhaiskasvatustieteen pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Erkkilä, K. (2020). Hyvin toimeentulevien, varhaiskasvatuspalveluita käyttävien perheiden lapsenhoidon ratkaisut ja niihin kytkeytyvät tekijät. Varhaiskasvatustieteen pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Heiskanen. T. (2020). Työskentelevän isän psyykkisen kuormittuneisuuden ja lapsen temperamentin yhteys heidän yhteiseen aikaansa. Varhaiskasvatustieteen pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Koponen, Saara (2019) Maahanmuuttajaperheiden lastenhoidon ratkaisut lapsen ollessa 1-vuotias. Erityispedagogiikan pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Makkonen, M. & Saranko, L. (2018) Yksivuotiaiden lasten äitien varhaiskasvatuspalvelutyytyväisyyden rakentuminen. Pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Malinen, H. (2021). Äitien asenteet varhaiskasvatuksen uudistuksia kohtaan. Tarkastelussa viisivuotiaiden maksuton varhaiskasvatus ja esiopetuksen alkaminen viisivuotiaana. Varhaiskasvatustieteen pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Otronen, K. (2018) Imeväisten ravitsemus ja imetykseen yhteydessä olevia tekijöitä. Kyselytutkimus kymmenessä kunnassa. Pro gradu -tutkielma. Itä-Suomen yliopisto.

Peltola, J. (2018) Kotihoidon tuen kuntalisän yhteys lapselle valittuun hoitomuotoon ja äitien taustatekijöihin. Erityispedagogiikan pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Ronkainen, Marjo (2019) Perheen hyvinvoinnin ja ylisukupolvisuuden yhteys neuvolan arvioon nelivuotiaan lapsen tuen ja hoidon tarpeesta. Erityispedagogiikan pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Saarela, Anni (2019) Vanhemman taustatekijät yksivuotiaan lapsen hoitoratkaisun ja varhaiskasvatukseen liittyvän tyytyväisyyden selittäjinä. Varhaiskasvatustieteen pro gradu -tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto.

Valtavirta, E. (2017) Työn ja perheen ristiriidan yhteys yksivuotiaiden lasten isien psyykkiseen kuormittuneisuuteen. Sosiaalipsykologian pro gradu -tutkielma. Tampereen yliopisto.