Select variable
[fsd_no] FSD study number
[fsd_vr] FSD edition number
[fsd_id] FSD case id
[vastaustapa] Questionnaire used for responding
[vastausajankohta] Date of response
[palkitsemistapa] Survey reward
[muistutustapa] Survey reminder mode
[muistutustekstiviestit_lkm] Number of reminder text messages sent
[ajankohta_muistutus1] Date of the first reminder
[ajankohta_muistutus2] Date of the second reminder
[ajankohta_muistutus3] Date of the third reminder
[AV1] How interested are you in politics?
[AV2] How satisfied are you with the way democracy works in Finland?
[AV3_1] How much attention did you pay to media coverage of the county elections: Television debates and party leader interviews
[AV3_2] How much attention did you pay to media coverage of the county elections: Television news and current affairs programmes
[AV3_3] How much attention did you pay to media coverage of the county elections: Radio programmes and news
[AV3_4] How much attention did you pay to media coverage of the county elections: Newspaper articles, columns or letters to the editor
[AV3_5] How much attention did you pay to media coverage of the county elections: Social media, e.g. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram or TikTok
[AV3_6] How much attention did you pay to media coverage of the county elections: Advertising (from different sources)
[AV3_7] How much attention did you pay to media coverage of the county elections: Websites of the candidates and political parties
[AV3_8] How much attention did you pay to media coverage of the county elections: Candidate selectors on the Internet
[AV4] Generally, that is, not only during elections, how often do you discuss political and social issues with people?
[AV5_1] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? Sometimes politics seems so complicated that I cannot quite understand what is going on
[AV5_2] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? I trust in my ability to participate in politics
[AV5_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statements: I feel I understand the most important political issues in Finland
[AV5_4] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? When it comes to political issues or problems, I usually have something to say
[AV5_5] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? I have political opinions that are worth listening to
[AV5_6] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? I have no say in what the Government and Parliament decide
[AV5_7] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? Political decision-makers take citizens' views into consideration when making decisions
[AV5_8] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? Democracy may have its problems but it is better than any other form of government
[AV5_9] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements? I think voting is a civic duty
[AV6_1] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = worst, 10 = best), how would you rate the following approaches to political decision-making: Regular investigation of public opinion
[AV6_2] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = worst, 10 = best), how would you rate the following approaches to political decision-making: Letting experts of different fields make the decisions
[AV6_3] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = worst, 10 = best), how would you rate the following approaches to political decision-making: Promoting citizen participation in and discussion on important political decisions
[AV6_4] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = worst, 10 = best), how would you rate the following approaches to political decision-making: Letting elected politicians make the decisions
[AV7_1] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: The Government
[AV7_2] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: The Parliament
[AV7_3] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: Political parties
[AV7_4] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: Politicians
[AV7_5] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: Public officials
[AV7_6] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: Municipal council
[AV7_7] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: Municipal executive board
[AV7_8] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: The media
[AV7_9] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: Universities and research institutes
[AV7_10] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: Ministry of social affairs and health
[AV7_11] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL)
[AV7_12] On a scale of 0 to 10 (where 0 = don't trust at all, 10 = trust completely), to what extent do you trust/mistrust: Regional State Administrative Agency (AVI)
[AV8_1] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? Election committees were able to hold the county elections safely in accordance with COVID-19 recommendations
[AV8_2] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? Despite the COVID-19 situation, I felt I was able to vote safely in the county elections
[AV8_3] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? The county elections should have been postponed to ensure that everyone willing to vote could do so
[AV8_4] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? Postal voting should have been offered in the county elections
[AV8_5] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? Members of Parliament should not have been allowed to stand as candidates in the county elections
[AV8_6] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? County councils have little independent decision-making power, as they operate with a pre-determined budget
[AV8_7] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? Decisions made by county councils will affect the everyday lives of ordinary people
[AV8_8] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? I did not really understand what the county elections were about
[AV8_9] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? Wellbeing services counties make Finnish democracy more complex
[AV8_10] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? Wellbeing services counties improve the quality of Finland's social and healthcare system
[AV8_11] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? County councils should have been formed from social and healthcare experts rather than elected in elections
[AV8_12] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? Decisions in county councils should be based on values and ideologies
[AV8_13] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? County councils should aim for consensus in decision-making, avoiding political disputes
[AV8_14] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements regarding the county elections and local democracy? Participatory forms of democracy, such as citizens' panels and participatory budgeting, should be part of the decision-making structure of wellbeing services counties
[AV9ORDERED_1] In your opinion, whom should a county councillor primarily represent? 1st most important
[AV9ORDERED_2] In your opinion, whom should a county councillor primarily represent? 2nd most important
[AV9ORDERED_3] In your opinion, whom should a county councillor primarily represent? 3rd most important
[AV9ORDERED_4] In your opinion, whom should a county councillor primarily represent? 4th most important
[AV9ORDERED_5] In your opinion, whom should a county councillor primarily represent? 5th most important
[AV9ORDERED_6] In your opinion, whom should a county councillor primarily represent? 6th most important
[AV10] Information availability regarding the county elections
[AV11] Do you usually think of yourself as close to any particular party?
[AV11B] Do you feel you are a little closer to one of the political parties than the others?
[AV12] Which party do you feel closest to?
[AV12_SO] Which party do you feel closest to? Some other party or group, please specify (open-ended)
[AV13] Do you feel very close to this party, somewhat close, or not very close?
[AV14] In politics people sometimes talk of left and right. Where would you place yourself on a scale 0-10 where 0 means the left and 10 means the right?
[AV15] In politics people talk of liberal and conservative values. Where would you place yourself on a scale from 0 to 10 where 0 is most liberal and 10 is most conservative?
[AV16_1] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland that has more entrepreneurship and market economy
[AV16_2] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland where Christian values have a greater role
[AV16_3] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland where there are smaller differences in regional development
[AV16_4] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland, where everyone, regardless of their financial situation or place of residence, has access to equally good health services
[AV16_5] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland that has a smaller public sector
[AV16_6] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland where the status of sexual minorities is reinforced
[AV16_7] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland that has a lower taxation level
[AV16_8] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland that has more immigration
[AV16_9] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland that has smaller income disparities
[AV16_10] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? Finland that is less committed/attached to the European Union
[AV16_11] In the following, some propositions relating to the future direction of Finland are listed. What is your opinion on these propositions? More eco-friendly Finland, even if it meant low economic growth or no growth at all
[AV17_1] What do you think about the following (political) parties on a scale 0-10, where 0 means 'strongly dislike' and 10 means 'strongly like'? Finnish Social Democratic Party (SDP)
[AV17_2] What do you think about the following (political) parties on a scale 0-10, where 0 means 'strongly dislike' and 10 means 'strongly like'? National Coalition Party (KOK)
[AV17_3] What do you think about the following (political) parties on a scale 0-10, where 0 means 'strongly dislike' and 10 means 'strongly like'? Finns Party (PS)
[AV17_4] What do you think about the following (political) parties on a scale 0-10, where 0 means 'strongly dislike' and 10 means 'strongly like'? Centre Party of Finland (KESK)
[AV17_5] What do you think about the following (political) parties on a scale 0-10, where 0 means 'strongly dislike' and 10 means 'strongly like'? Greens (VIHR)
[AV17_6] What do you think about the following (political) parties on a scale 0-10, where 0 means 'strongly dislike' and 10 means 'strongly like'? Left Alliance (VAS)
[AV17_7] What do you think about the following (political) parties on a scale 0-10, where 0 means 'strongly dislike' and 10 means 'strongly like'? Swedish People's Party in Finland (RKP)
[AV17_8] What do you think about the following (political) parties on a scale 0-10, where 0 means 'strongly dislike' and 10 means 'strongly like'? Christian Democrats in Finland (KD)
[AV17_9] What do you think about the following (political) parties on a scale 0-10, where 0 means 'strongly dislike' and 10 means 'strongly like'? Movement Now (LIIK)
[AV18] Nowadays many people do not vote in elections for one reason or the other. Did you vote or not in these county elections?
[AV19] [if did not vote] How self-evident was it for you not to vote?
[AV21] [If voted] The candidate of which political party or group did you vote for in these county elections?
[AV21_SO] The candidate of which party or group did you vote for in these county elections? Some other party or group, please specify (open-ended)
[AV22] For your voting choice, which was ultimately the more important, the party or the candidate?
[AV23] In what way were you familiar with the candidate you voted for?
[AV24] Did you vote for a candidate who lives in your municipality?
[AV25] When did you decide the party whose candidate you voted for?
[AV26] When did you decide the candidate you voted for?
[AV27] In your opinion, should more, the same amount or less public funds be used on healthcare than is currently used?
[AV28_1] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? Wellbeing services counties should be granted the right to levy taxes in the future
[AV28_2] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? Social and healthcare services should also be opened up to competition from private providers in the future
[AV28_3] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? Client fees should be linked to the client's income level
[AV28_4] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? It must be accepted that place of residence affects the availability of public services
[AV28_5] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? I am willing to compromise on services in my home municipality if it benefits the wellbeing services county as a whole
[AV28_6] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? For those living in sparsely populated areas, a remote consultation is a sufficient first point of contact instead of local social and healthcare
[AV28_7] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? It is better to increase intensive care capacity for COVID-19 patients than to impose restrictions on society as a whole
[AV28_8] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? My wellbeing services county should provide free contraception to those under the age of 25
[AV28_9] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? My wellbeing services county should provide regular free dental check-ups for all adults
[AV28_10] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? My wellbeing services county should have a supervised drug consumption room
[AV28_11] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? My wellbeing services county should actively promote recruitment from outside the EU to address staff shortages
[AV28_12] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? Linguistic rights are best safeguarded by centralising Swedish-language services in specific units
[AV28_13] To what extent do you agree or disagree with the following statements on wellbeing services counties? Providing social and healthcare services in foreign languages is worthwhile, even if it leads to short-term costs
[T1] Respondent's year of birth
[T2] Respondent's gender
[T3] What is the highest level of education or degree you have completed?
[T4] Marital status
[T5] How would you describe your health in general?
[T6] Is your everyday life made harder by some chronic disease, injury or mental health problem?
[T7] What is your primary way of accessing healthcare services?
[T8] In the context of economic globalisation, people are sometimes described as winners or losers. Which group do you consider yourself to belong to?
[T9] How often do you use the Internet?
[T10_1] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Full-time job (at least 32 hours a week)
[T10_2] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Half-time job (15-31 hours a week)
[T10_3] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Part-time job (less than 15 hours per week)
[T10_4] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Unemployed
[T10_5] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Student or pupil
[T10_6] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Pensioner/retired on account of age or working years
[T10_7] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Homemaker
[T10_8] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Pensioner/retired on account of illness or disability
[T10_9] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Conscript or in civilian service
[T10_10] Which of the following best describes your current situation? On parental/childcare leave
[T10_11] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Family carer
[T10_12] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Other
[T10_13] Which of the following best describes your current situation? Don't know
[T11] The occupational group you feel you mainly belong to?
[T12_1] If you are in paid employment, which sector do you work in? State, municipality or parish
[T12_2] If you are in paid employment, which sector do you work in? Private enterprise
[T12_3] If you are in paid employment, which sector do you work in? State-owned or municipally owned enterprise
[T12_4] If you are in paid employment, which sector do you work in? So called third sector (e.g. non-profit organisation)
[T12_5] If you are in paid employment, which sector do you work in? Don't know
[T13] What is the average total annual income of your household before tax (= gross income), including taxable social security benefits? In euros (TOP-coded in FSD)
[T14YHT] How many people live in your household? (TOP-coded in FSD)
[T14L_1] Number of children/young people aged 7-17 living in the household (TOP-coded in FSD)
[T14L_2] Number of children aged under 7 living in the household (TOP-coded in FSD)
[T15] Type of your residential area
[T16] Type of accommodation
[T17_1] Which language or languages are usually spoken at your home? Only Finnish
[T17_2] Which language or languages are usually spoken at your home? Only Swedish
[T17_3] Which language or languages are usually spoken at your home? Both Finnish and Swedish
[T17_4] Which language or languages are usually spoken at your home? Finnish and some other language
[T17_5] Which language or languages are usually spoken at your home? Swedish and some other language
[T17_6] Which language or languages are usually spoken at your home? Only languages that are neither Finnish nor Swedish
[T17_7] Which language or languages are usually spoken at your home? Don't know
[T18] Do you consider yourself a member of an ethnic minority in Finland?
[T19] Is either of your parents originally from a country other than Finland?
[hyvinvointialue] Respondent's wellbeing services county (categorised by researcher)
[ika] Respondent's age (categorised by researcher)
[aidinkieli] Respondent's mother tongue (categorised by researcher)
[koulutus] Respondent's education (categorised by researcher)
[weights] Weighting variable based on electoral district, age, language, gender, education, and party choice