Study title

Gen2 Survey, March 2023

Dataset ID Number

FSD3865

Persistent identifiers

https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3865
https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3865

Data Type

Quantitative

Authors

• Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion (FIRIPO)
• Rapeli, Lauri (Åbo Akademi, Institutet för samhällsforskning)
• Sipinen, Josefina (Tampere University)

Abstract

The survey explores the identity of second-generation immigrants in Finland, their voting intentions in the 2023 parliamentary elections, and their general views on politics and society. The data was collected as part of the Gen2 survey panel, which is part of The Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion (FIRIPO).

First, respondents were asked about their interest in politics and their trust in various entities, such as the government and the media. The survey then explored respondents' experiences of Finnishness and their ethnic identity. Respondents were asked whether they consider themselves part of an ethnic minority in Finland and to what extent they identify with different groups. They were also asked about the factors they consider important to their identity. In addition, the survey addressed respondents' views on political participation and the role of ethnic minorities in politics.

Next, respondents were asked about their voting intentions in the 2023 parliamentary elections. They were also asked to what extent various factors and characteristics influence their choice of party and candidate or their decision not to vote. Respondents also indicated which parties they believe are best positioned to promote the interests of ethnic minority groups in Finland. Following this, respondents were asked to evaluate various options regarding the future direction of Finland. Following this, they evaluated different future policy directions for Finland, including issues such as promoting equality, increasing immigration, taxation policy, the size of the public sector, and combating climate change. Finally, respondents were asked whether they had experienced discrimination in the past five years.

Background variables included the respondent's age, gender, region of residence, electoral district, statistical grouping of municipalities, level of education, occupational group, party affiliation, and the continent of birth of their parents.

Keywords

cultural identity; cultural pluralism; discrimination; ethnic groups; identity; minority groups; parliamentary elections; politics; voting behaviour

Topic Classification

• Social sciences (Fields of Science Classification)
• Elections (CESSDA Topic Classification)
• Political behaviour and attitudes (CESSDA Topic Classification)
• Minorities (CESSDA Topic Classification)

Series

FIRIPO GEN2

Distributor

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Access

The dataset is (D) available only by permission from the data depositor/creator.

Data Collector

• Gen2

Funders

• Academy of Finland (345714)

Time Period Covered

2023

Collection Dates

2023-03-23 – 2023-04-01

Nation

Finland

Geographical Coverage

Finland

Analysis/Observation Unit Type

Individual

Universe

Finnish adults with at least one parent born outside Finland

Time Method

Longitudinal: Trend/Repeated cross-section

Sampling Procedure

Mixed probability and non-probability

41,390 randomly selected Finnish citizens over 18 years of age, with at least one of their parents born outside Finland, received an invitation by mail to join the Gen2 panel. 4976 people registered for the panel. An invitation to participate in the survey was sent by e-mail to the people on the panel. The survey was answered online via Qualtrics.

Collection Mode

Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)

Research Instrument

Structured questionnaire

Response Rate

62

Data File Language

Downloaded data package may contain different language versions of the same files.

The data files of this dataset are available in the following languages: Finnish.

FSD translates quantitative data into English on request, free of charge. More information on ordering data translation.

Data Version

1.0

Completeness of Data and Restrictions

The researcher has anonymised the data by removing variables containing open-ended responses to the response option "Other, please specify".

To prevent identification of respondents, parents' countries of birth were classified into UN M49 regions. For the same reason, in the variables denoting the languages spoken at home, several languages were coded as 'Other language'.

Weighting

The data includes a weight variable (VIKT) constructed on the basis of gender, age and region of residence to make the sample more representative in terms of these background factors.

Citation Requirement

The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.

Bibliographical Citation

Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion (FIRIPO) & Rapeli, Lauri (Åbo Akademi, Institutet för samhällsforskning) & Sipinen, Josefina (Tampere University): Gen2 Survey, March 2023 [dataset]. Data version 1.0 (2025-04-29). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3865; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3865

Deposit Requirement

Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.

Special Terms and Conditions for Access

The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.

Disclaimer

The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.

Related Publications

Sipinen, Josefina (2024). Ovatko maahanmuuttaneiden jälkeläiset poliittisesti aktiivisempia kuin nuoret keskimäärin? [verkkodokumentti]. Cultura-säätiö. https://www.culturas.fi/fi/blogit/maahanmuuttaneiden-jalkelaiset [viitattu 15.5.2025].

Sipinen, Josefina & Koskimies, Laura & Tiensuu, Ilkka & Gusatinsky, Eilina (2025). Ulkomaalaistaustaisten ja vieraskielisten suomalaisten yhteiskunnallinen osallistuminen (UTViS) -hankkeen loppuraportti. Valtioneuvoston selvitys- ja tutkimustoiminnan julkaisusarja 2025:5. Helsinki: Valtioneuvoston kanslia. http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-383-490-3.