Study title

Citizens' opinion: Polarisation of Political Attitudes and Filter Bubbles 2022

Dataset ID Number

FSD3933

Persistent identifiers

https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3933
https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3933

Data Type

Quantitative

Authors

• Kim Strandberg (Åbo Akademi University)
• Aleksi Suuronen (Åbo Akademi University)
• Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion (FIRIPO)

Abstract

The study examined how Finnish individuals relate to or identify with political and other societal content, as well as their interactions with people who hold similar or opposing views on these topics. Additionally, the survey asked respondents for their opinions on the placement of Finnish political parties along the left-right and liberal-conservative dimensions. The data was collected as part of the Public Opinion Panel, which is part of The Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion (FIRIPO).

The questionnaire began by asking how common it is for respondents to agree or disagree on political and other societal topics. Next, respondents were asked in which channels they encounter these topics. The survey then explored whether respondents identify with other people's opinions on political and societal issues. Furthermore, it asked how common it is for respondents to discuss these topics with people who agree or disagree with them, whether these individuals are familiar or unfamiliar to them, and how the respondents perceive these conversations. Respondents' experiences of these discussions were examined by asking, for example, whether the conversations tend to become passionate, constructive debates, or hostile situations.

The background variables in the dataset include gender, categorized age, and region.

Keywords

attitudes; political attitudes; political parties; politics; social and political polarization; social behaviour; social media

Topic Classification

• Social sciences (Fields of Science Classification)
• Political behaviour and attitudes (CESSDA Topic Classification)

Series

FIRIPO Citizens' Opinion

Distributor

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Access

The dataset is (D) available only by permission from the data depositor/creator.

Data Collector

• Citizens' Opinion

Funders

• Academy of Finland (345714)

Time Period Covered

2022

Collection Dates

2022-04-11 – 2022-05-03

Nation

Finland

Geographical Coverage

Finland

Analysis/Observation Unit Type

Individual

Universe

People aged over 18 residing in Finland

Time Method

Cross-section

Sampling Procedure

Mixed probability and non-probability

The sample consisted of over 2,000 participants from the Public Opinion Panel, the majority of whom were recruited using various probability sampling methods.

Collection Mode

Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)

Research Instrument

Structured questionnaire

Response Rate

54.5

Data File Language

Downloaded data package may contain different language versions of the same files.

The data files of this dataset are available in the following languages: English.

FSD translates quantitative data into English on request, free of charge. More information on ordering data translation.

Number of Cases and Variables

98 variables and 1096 cases.

Data Version

1.0

Completeness of Data and Restrictions

For reasons of identifiability, the researcher has removed the open-ended responses associated with the variables SYHRON_2_other and AHREN_2_other.

Weighting

The data includes a weighting variable (weight) that calibrates the sample to be representative with respect to gender and age group.

Citation Requirement

The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.

Bibliographical Citation

Kim Strandberg (Åbo Akademi University) & Aleksi Suuronen (Åbo Akademi University) & Finnish Research Infrastructure for Public Opinion (FIRIPO): Citizens' opinion: Polarisation of Political Attitudes and Filter Bubbles 2022 [dataset]. Data version 1.0 (2025-06-13). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3933; URN: https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3933

Deposit Requirement

Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.

Special Terms and Conditions for Access

The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.

Disclaimer

The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.

FSD has not been informed of any publications related to the data.