FSD2420 Index of Power Resources (IPR) 2007
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Study title
Index of Power Resources (IPR) 2007
Dataset ID Number
FSD2420
Persistent identifiers
https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD2420https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd2420
Data Type
Quantitative
Authors
- Vanhanen, Tatu
Abstract
This survey continues the original dataset "FSD1216 Democratization and Power Resources 1850-2000" collected by professor Tatu Vanhanen, which was a result of long-term research on democratization and power resources. The updated data have been collected from several written sources and published also in Vanhanen's book "The Limits of Democratization". The original sources of the numerical data published in the book have been collected to a separate document, the link to which can be found below in the section Other material: Original sources.
Eight variables are used to measure country-specific resource distribution: 1) Tertiary Enrollment Ratio (%); 2) Adult Literacy Rate (%); 3) Index of Intellectual Power Resources, IR; 4) Family Farms, FF (%); 5) Agricultural Population, AP (%); 6) Estimated Degree of Decentralization of Economic Power Resources, DD; 7) Index of Economic Power Resources, ER; and 8) Index of Power Resources, IPR. The variables have been updated from the previous dataset, and the calculation methods have been specified in some cases, or even reconstructed in a totally new way in some cases.
Tertiary Enrollment Ratio (%) is based on the percentage of students enrolled in universities and institutes of higher learning within the relevant age group. Adult Literacy Rate (%) is calculated as a percentage of adult population. Index of Intellectual Power Resources, IR is the mean of these two variables.
Family Farms, FF (%) means the percentage of total cultivated area or of total area of holdings. The proportion of agricultural population between 2000 and 2005 is coded in variable Agricultural Population, AP (%). Estimated Degree of Decentralization of Economic Power Resources, DD is calculated by adding the percentage of the population living under the poverty line with the richest 10 percent of the population, and then calculating the proportion of their income or expenditure compared to the whole population minus 10 percentage units, and then subtracting the sum from 100. In some cases, the calculated percentage has been increased or decreased for reasons given in detail in Vanhanen Vanhanen's book "The Limits of Democratization". Index of Economic Power Resources, ER is calculated by the formula ER = (FF * AP) + (DD * NAP), where NAP = 100-AP. The last variable, Index of Power Resources, IPR is calculated by dividing the product of Index of Intellectual Power Resources, IR and Index of Economic Power Resources, ER by 100.
Keywords
agricultural society; authority; democracy; democratization; economic and social development; education; literacy; political power; politics; resources; rural population; social progress
Topic Classification
- Social sciences (Fields of Science Classification)
- International politics and organisations (CESSDA Topic Classification)
- Economic conditions and indicators (CESSDA Topic Classification)
Series
Individual datasetsDistributor
Finnish Social Science Data Archive
Access
The dataset is (A) openly available for all users without registration (CC BY 4.0).
Data Collector
- Vanhanen, Tatu
Time Period Covered
1980 – 2006
Collection Dates
2007
Nation
United Arab Emirates, Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Angola, Argentina, Austria, Australia, Azerbaijan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Barbados, Bangladesh, Belgium, Burkina Faso, Bulgaria, Bahrain, Burundi, Benin, Brunei, Bolivia, Brazil, Bahamas, Bhutan, Botswana, Belarus, Belize, Canada, Congo (Zaire), Central African Republic, Congo (Brazzaville), Switzerland, Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire), Chile, Cameroon, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cape Verde, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Germany, Djibouti, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Algeria, Ecuador, Estonia, Egypt, Eritrea, Spain, Ethiopia, Finland, Fiji, France, Gabon, The United Kingdom, Georgia, Ghana, Gambia, Guinea, Equatorial Guinea, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, Croatia, Haiti, Hungary, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, India, Iraq, Iran, Iceland, Italy, Jamaica, Jordan, Japan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, Cambodia, Comoros, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kazakhstan, Laos, Lebanon, Sri Lanka, Liberia, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Libya, Morocco, Moldova, Montenegro, Madagascar, Macedonia, Mali, Myanmar (Burma), Mongolia, Mauritania, Malta, Mauritius, Maldives, Malawi, Mexico, Malaysia, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Nicaragua, The Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, New Zealand, Oman, Panama, Peru, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Paraguay, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Solomon Islands, Sudan, Sweden, Singapore, Slovenia, Slovakia, Sierra Leone, Senegal, Somalia, Serbia, Suriname, El Salvador, Syria, Swaziland, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Tajikistan, East Timor (Timor-Leste), Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Tanzania, Ukraine, Uganda, The United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Geographical Coverage
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Hertzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Myanmar (Burma), Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cap Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo (Zaire), Congo (Brazzaville), Costa Rica, Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire), Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, East Timor (Timor-Leste), Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Montenegro, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, The United Kingdom, The United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
Analysis/Observation Unit Type
Political-administrative area (Country)
Universe
All independent states and Taiwan (excluding States whose population was less than 200,000 in 2000)
Time Method
Cross-section
Data Sources
Vanhanen, Tatu (2009). The Limits of Democratization: Climate, Intelligence, and Resource Distribution. Augusta, GA: Washington Summit Publishers.
Sampling Procedure
Total universe/Complete enumeration
Collection Mode
Compilation/Synthesis
Research Instrument
Data collection guidelines: Secondary data collection guide
Data File Language
Downloaded data package may contain different language versions of the same files.
The data files of this dataset are available in the following languages: English and Finnish.
FSD translates quantitative data into English on request, free of charge. More information on ordering data translation.
Number of Cases and Variables
13 variables and 172 cases.
Data Version
1.0
Related Datasets
FSD1216 Democratization and Power Resources 1850-2000
FSD1289 Measures of Democracy 1810-2018
FSD2140 Gender-Weighted Index of Democratization 1995-2010
FSD2588 Ethnic heterogeneity and ethnic conflicts 2003-2010
FSD2817 Ethnic Conflicts and Ethnic Nepotism 2003-2011
Weighting
There are no weight variables in the data.
Citation Requirement
The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.
Bibliographical Citation
Vanhanen, Tatu: Index of Power Resources (IPR) 2007 [dataset]. Version 1.0 (2009-05-14). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD2420
Deposit Requirement
Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.
Disclaimer
The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.
Related Materials
Vanhanen, Tatu (2009). The Limits of Democratization: Climate, Intelligence, and Resource Distribution. Augusta, GA: Washington Summit Publishers.
Related Publications
Vanhanen, Tatu (2009). The Limits of Democratization: Climate, Intelligence, and Resource Distribution. Augusta, GA: Washington Summit Publishers.
Vanhanen, Tatu (2011). Globaalit haasteet. Demokratia, etninen väkivalta ja eriarvoisuus. Esitelmä Tilastoseuran Globaalit muutokset ja tilastotiede -iltapäiväseminaarissa 4.3.2010. Teoksessa: Suomen Tilastoseuran vuosikirja 2010, 104-115. Helsinki: Suomen Tilastoseura.
Theuerkauf, Ulrike (2013). Presidentialism and the Risk of Ethnic Violence. A Reply to Reilly, Sisk, Basedau and McGarry. Ethnopolitics 12(1): 98-103.
Theuerkauf, Ulrike (2013). Ethno-Embedded Institutionalism. The Impact of Institutional Repertoires on Ethnic Violence. London: London School of Economics and Political Science. PhD thesis.
Vanhanen, Tatu (2013). Miksi Kiina lähtee lentoon ja Kongo ei? Yhteiskuntien älykkyyserot ja niiden huomiointi kehityksessä. Helsinki: East-West Books.
Horn, Florian (2014). Externe Faktoren der Demokratisierung im Arabischen Frühling. Seminar Paper for Fern Universität Hagen.
Kurkova, Tereza (2015). Vliv nerostneho bohatstvi na uroven demokracie v Latinske Americe. Univerzita Hradec Kralove. Filozoficka fakulta. Katedra politologie. Diplomova prace
Merkel, Wolfgang & Weiffen, Brigitte (2012). Does Heterogeneity Hinder Democracy? Comparative Sociology 11 (3), pp. 387-421.
Ansell, B., & Samuels, D. (2018). Why Inequality Does Not Undermine Democracy [online]. https://wealthpol.web.ox.ac.uk/article/why-inequality-does-not-undermine-democracy [cited 17.7.2020].
Eder, A. (2016). Income Inequality as a Result of Ethnic Heterogeneity and Ethno-class Exploitation. Macro-level Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses. In Ethnic Stratification and Economic Inequality around the World, 107-146. London: Routledge.
Study description in machine readable DDI-C 2.5 format
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