FSD3115 Gambling Survey 2015

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Study title

Gambling Survey 2015

Alternative Title

Gambling in Finland

Dataset ID Number

FSD3115

Persistent identifiers

https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3115
https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3115

Data Type

Quantitative

Authors

  • Raisamo, Susanna (National Institute for Health and Welfare. Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions)
  • Salonen, Anne (National Institute for Health and Welfare. Alcohol, Drugs and Addictions)

Abstract

The survey charted Finnish gambling habits, frequency of gambling, amount of money gambled as well as views on problem gambling and gambling policy and regulation. The term gambling is used here as an umbrella term for lotteries, slot machines, betting, bookmaking, the pools, roulette wheels, and card and dice tables as well as online variations of all of these.

First perceptions on gambling were studied. The respondents were asked to what extent they agreed with statements relating to gambling, such as "people should have the right to gamble whenever they want" and "gambling is detrimental to family life." The respondents were asked whether they thought gambling was a problem in Finland, whether the problems associated with gambling had increased or decreased and if the government monopoly and the age limit of 18 were effective ways of limiting problem gambling.

The next section of the survey focused on the respondents' experiences of gambling. The respondents were presented with a list of various games (e.g. lotto games and scratchcards of Veikkaus, the National Lottery of Finland, games of chance in a casino and slot machines of Finland's Slot Machine Association, RAY) and asked whether they had played them during the previous 12 months. Other questions charted online gambling in the previous 12 months, gambling websites visited, and frequency of gambling activities. The respondents were asked to estimate the average weekly sum spent on gambling, their largest win in the previous 12 months, and at what age they had gambled for the first time.

The respondents' relationship to gambling was examined. They were asked how often they returned another day to try to win back the money they had lost, whether they had claimed to be winning at gambling even though they were actually losing money, whether they had gambled more than they had intended to, and whether other people had criticised them for gambling. Some questions explored whether the respondents had felt guilty while gambling, whether they had wanted to stop betting money or gambling but could not do so, and whether they had hidden their gambling habits from family members. Some questions covered arguments with the people the respondents lived with over how the respondents handled money and whether those arguments had centred on their gambling.

Regarding gambling by family members, relatives and friends, the respondents were asked whether any people close to them had problems with gambling, what kind of harm these gambling problems had caused, and how much concern the problems had caused the respondents.

The final section pertained to health, well-being and non-gambling games. The respondents were asked to assess their current health status and were asked how often they had felt nervous, calm, despondent and happy in the previous four weeks. Smoking and alcohol use were charted. Finally, the respondents were asked whether they played video games or mobile games, how many hours they had played them in the previous week and month, and whether they felt they might have a problem with these kinds of games.

Background variables included the respondent's age, gender, marital status, region, municipality type, education, monthly net income, economic activity and occupational status as well as the number of underage children.

Keywords

addiction; card games; debts; digital games; family members; friends; gambling; gaming machines; lotteries; social problems; well-being (health)

Topic Classification

Series

Finnish Gambling Surveys

Distributor

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Access

The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.

Data Collector

  • Nieminen, Markku (Statistics Finland. Interview and Survey Services)

Data Producers

  • Statistics Finland. Data Collection

Time Period Covered

2015

Collection Dates

2015-03-03 – 2015-06-08

Nation

Finland

Geographical Coverage

Finland

Analysis/Observation Unit Type

Individual

Universe

Finnish or Swedish-speaking people aged 15-74 living in mainland Finland

Time Method

Cross-section

Sampling Procedure

Probability: Systematic random

The study was targeted at the population aged 15-74 living in mainland Finland. Finnish people living outside Finland (incl. those living on the Åland Islands), people living in institutions, and people whose mother tongue was something else than Finnish or Swedish were not included in the study.

The sample was selected by drawing a systematic random sample from a population frame, which was formed based on the register data of the Population Register Centre and sorted according to domicile codes. This ensured that a regionally representative sample was selected. Sample size was 7,400 people.

Collection Mode

Telephone interview: Computer-assisted (CATI)

Research Instrument

Structured questionnaire

Response Rate

61.9

Data File Language

Downloaded data package may contain different language versions of the same files.

The data files of this dataset are available in the following languages: English and Finnish.

FSD translates quantitative data into English on request, free of charge. More information on ordering data translation.

Number of Cases and Variables

145 variables and 4515 cases.

Data Version

1.0

Weighting

Weighting is based on the calibration method, where selected distribution estimates in the data are forced to be consistent with the distributions in the population. The aim of the method is to correct for non-response bias and improve estimation. In calibrating the weights, the age-sex distribution and region distributions (major regions and urban-rural classification) of the population frame (May 2015) were used. Age categories included the following: ages 15-19, 20-24, 25-34, 35-49, 50-64 and 65-74. Weights were calibrated with CALMAR2 SAS macro by using raking ratio estimation. Two different weight variables were calculated in the data: calibrated expansion weights (paino1) and sampling weights (paino2) derived from them. Calibrated expansion weights expand the sample to correspond to the population. The sum of the expansion weights equals to the number of people aged 15-74 in the population (N=3,763,861). The mean of the expansion weights, 843, indicates how many Finnish people each respondent roughly represents. Sampling weights were scaled from the expansion weights so that their means equal 1. The sum of the sampling weights is equal to the number of respondents.

Citation Requirement

The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.

Bibliographical Citation

Raisamo, Susanna (National Institute for Health and Welfare) & Salonen, Anne (National Institute for Health and Welfare): Gambling Survey 2015 [dataset]. Version 1.0 (2016-07-21). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3115

Deposit Requirement

Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.

Disclaimer

The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.

Related Materials

Salonen, Anne & Raisamo, Susanna (2015). Suomalaisten rahapelaaminen 2015. Rahapelaaminen, rahapeliongelmat ja rahapelaamiseen liittyvät asenteet ja mielipiteet 15 - 74-vuotiailla. Helsinki: Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitos. Raportti 16/2015. http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-302-559-2

Related Publications Tooltip

Salonen, Anne & Raisamo, Susanna (2015). Suomalaisten rahapelaaminen 2015. Rahapelaaminen, rahapeliongelmat ja rahapelaamiseen liittyvät asenteet ja mielipiteet 15 - 74-vuotiailla. Helsinki: Terveyden ja hyvinvoinnin laitos. Raportti 16/2015.

Salonen Anne & Alho Hannu & Castrén Sari (2016). The extent and type of gambling harms for concerned significant others: a cross-sectional population study in Finland. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health, 1-6.

Salonen AH, Alho H, Castrén S (2017). Attitudes towards gambling, gambling participation and gambling-related harms within genders by age: cross-sectional Finnish population studies in 2011 and 2015. BMC Public Health. 2017;17:122. DOI 10.1186/s12889-017-4056-7.

Edgren R, Castrén S, Alho H, Salonen AH (2017). Gender comparison of online and land-based gamblers from a nationally representative sample: Does gambling online pose elevated risk? Computers in Human Behaviour. 2017;72:46-56.

Nerg, Iiro (2017). Rahapeliongelmien yhteys muihin henkilökohtaisiin ongelmiin. Oulu: Oulun yliopisto. Tilastotieteen kandidaatintutkielma.

Salonen Anne H & Kontto, Jukka & Alho Hannu & Castrén Sari (2017). Suomalaisten rahapelikulutus. Keneltä rahapeliyhtiöiden tuotot tulevat? Yhteiskuntapolitiikka 82:5, 549-559. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2017102550286

Castrén, Sari & Perhoniemi, Riku & Kontto, Jukka & Alho, Hannu & Salonen Anne H. (2017). Association between gambling involvement by game type and gambling harms: Finnish population study. International Gambling Studies 18(1), 124-142. doi: 10.1080/14459795.2017.1388830

Latvala, Tiina & Castrén, Sari & Alho, Hannu & Salonen, Anne H. (2017). Compulsory school achievement and gambling among men and women aged 18-29 in Finland. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 46(5), 505-513. doi: 10.1177/1403494817726621

Castrén, Sari & Kontto, Jukka & Alho Hannu & Salonen Anne H. (2017). The relationship between gambling expenditure, socioeconomics, health-related correlates and gambling behavior - a cross-sectional population survey in Finland. Addiction 113(1), 91-106. doi: /10.1111/add.13929

Arjas, Arttu (2018). Iän, sukupuolen ja tulotason vaikutus rahapeliongelmien esiintymiseen ja rahapeleihin suhtautumiseen. Oulu: Oulun yliopisto. Tilastotieteen kandidaatintutkielma. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201805312333

Ervasti, Eetu (2019). Rahapelaaminen Suomessa vuonna 2015 ja siihen liittyvät ongelmat. Oulu: Oulun yliopisto. Matemaattisten tieteiden kandidaatintutkielma.

Pirilä, Maria (2017): Veikkauksen vuosittaisen volyymin pääasialliset rahoittajat. Kandidaatin tutkielma. Jyväskylän yliopisto. Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja filosofian laitos

Kontto, Jukka & Tolonen, Hanna, Salonen Anne H. (2019). What are we missing? The profile of non-respondents in the Finnish Gambling 2015 survey. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. doi:10.1177/1403494819849283

Latvala, Tiina & Alho, Hannu & Raisamo, Susanna & Salonen, Anne H. (2019). Gambling involvement, type of gambling and grade point average among 18-29-year-old Finnish men and women. Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 36(2), 190-202. doi:10.1177/1455072518800189

Castrén, Sari & Heiskanen, Maria & Salonen Anne H. (2018). Trends in gambling participation and gambling severity among Finnish men and women: cross-sectional population surveys in 2007, 2011 and 2015. BMJ Open 8(8). doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022129

Salonen, Anne H. & Kontto, Jukka & Perhoniemi, Riku & Alho, Hannu & Castrén, Sari (2018). Gambling expenditure by game type among weekly adult gamblers. BMC Public Health 18:697. doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5613-4

Roukka T & Salonen AH. The winners and the losers: Tax incidence of gambling in Finland. Journal of Gambling Studies (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10899-019-09899-0.

Karhulahti, Veli-Matti & Koskimaa, Raine (2019). On the Prevalence of Addicted or Problematic Gaming in Finland. Addictive Behaviors Reports. Addictive Behaviors Reports. Volume 10, December 2019, 100225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2019.100225

Salonen, Anne & Hagfors, Heli (2020) Rahapelaamiseen liittyvät asenteet ja mielipiteet - Suomalaisten rahapelaaminen 2019. THL. Tilastoraportti 24/2020.

Salonen, Anne & Hagfors, Heli & Lind, Kalle & Kontto, Jukka (2020) Rahapelaaminen ja peliongelmat - Suomalaisten rahapelaaminen 2019. THL. Tilastoraportti 8/2020.

Salonen, Anne & Hagfors, Heli & Lind, Kalle & Kontto, Jukka (2020) Gambling and problem gambling - Finnish Gambling 2019: Prevalence of at-risk gambling has decreased. Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL). Statistical report 9/2020. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2020041719053

Heininen, Juuso (2020). Suomalaisten mielipiteitä rahapelaamisen ongelmista vuonna 2015. Oulu: Oulun yliopisto. Matemaattisten tieteiden kandidaatin tutkielma.URN:NBN:fi:oulu-202005272208

Salonen A, Lind K, Hagfors H, Castrén S, Kontto J. (2020) Rahapelaaminen, peliongelmat ja rahapelaamiseen liittyvät asenteet ja mielipiteet vuosina 2007-2019. Suomalaisten rahapelaaminen 2019. THL, raportti 18/2020. http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-343-594-0

Salonen A, Hagfors H, Lind K, Kontto J: Penningspelande och spelproblem: Finländarnas penningspel 2019: Det riskfylla spelandet har minskat. Statistikrapport 32/2020. THL. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe2020120399406

Study description in machine readable DDI-C 2.5 format

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