Aineiston nimi

Attitudes to Economy and Social Security 1994

Aineiston rinnakkainen nimi

International Survey of Economic Attitudes (ISEA) 1994

Aineistonumero

FSD1357

Pysyvät tunnisteet

https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD1357
https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd1357

Aineiston laatu

Kvantitatiivinen aineisto

Tekijät

• Ervasti, Heikki (University of Turku. Department of Social Policy)
• Kangas, Olli (University of Turku. Department of Social Policy)

Muut tekijät

• Kelley, Jonathan (International Survey Center)
• Evans, M.D.R (International Survey Center)

Sisällön kuvaus

The survey studied Finnish economic policy, perceptions of the public and private sectors, working conditions, social class, and fairness of wages, income distribution and taxation. Respondents were asked to evaluate services and merchandise provided by the private sector and the public sector. Respondents compared the strengths and weaknesses of both sectors as employers and service providers. Opinions on the relations between the state and the economy were charted with a set of questions pertaining to production subsidies, import restrictions, import taxes, rates of duty, and government measures to support employment and production. Views on minimum wage, government ownership of industry, and the role of the state in different branches of industry were investigated. Further questions pertained to trade unions, employers, wage disputes (labour disputes), and collective agreements vs. local bargaining.

Respondents were asked what kind of a wage they thought certain occupational groups earned and how much they should earn. Views on income inequality and possible conflicts between social classes were probed. Respondents assessed Finland's social class structure, and evaluated the impact of post-war changes in the Finnish society.

One theme covered the respondent's economic activity. Employees were asked about their working hours, working weeks during the past 12 months, working experience on the whole, employer type, unemployment, occupation, occupational status, size of workforce, and employment sector (public/private). Self-employed and entrepreneurs were asked about the turnover and size of the business. Respondents were asked how easy it would be to find a similar job in private or public sector and which sector would they prefer. Willingness to start a business was charted.

Characteristics of the respondent's job (e.g. working conditions, job security, required skills and qualifications) were charted, likewise satisfaction with various aspects of the job. Respondents were asked whether they felt they earned a fair wage, taking into account demands of their job, amount of responsibility, education etc., and how much a fair wage would be. Views on what kind of wage people with certain education level should earn were surveyed.

Some questions covered ownership of consumer durables, shares, real estate and vehicles. Satisfaction with living standard, marriage, children and job, and general satisfaction with life were charted. Respondents indicated in which social stratum they feel they belong to.

Further topics included views on just taxation, actual taxation, and views on certain social security benefits. A number of questions pertained to pensions policy. Respondents were asked who should take care of elderly people and three-year-old children.

Background variables included respondent's gender, age, place of residence, basic and vocational education, marital status, household composition, perceived social class, political party preference and attitude to different political parties. Other background variables included father's occupation, employer, and supervisory status, and parents' education. Spouse's education, occupation, employment sector, and supervisory status were also included.

Asiasanat

arrangement of working time; economic policy; labour disputes; pensions; private sector; public sector; social change; social inequality; social security benefits; social status; taxation; trade unions; wages

Tieteenala/Aihealue

• Social sciences (OKM:n tieteenalaluokitus)
• Economic conditions and indicators (CESSDAn aihepiiriluokitus)
• Working conditions (CESSDAn aihepiiriluokitus)
• Income, property and investment/saving (CESSDAn aihepiiriluokitus)
• Social welfare systems/structures (CESSDAn aihepiiriluokitus)

Sarja

Individual datasets

Jakelija

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Käyttöoikeudet

The dataset is (B) available for research, teaching and study.

Kerääjät

• University of Turku. Department of Social Policy

Tuottajat

• University of Turku. Department of Social Policy

Ajallinen kattavuus

1994

Aineistonkeruun ajankohta

Autumn 1994 ( 1994 )

Maa

Finland

Kohdealue

Finland

Havaintoyksikkötyyppi

Individual

Perusjoukko/otos

People aged between 18 and 74 living in Finland (poislukien Swedish-speaking Finns)

Tutkimuksen aikaulottuvuus

Cross-section

Otantamenetelmä

Probability: Simple random

Address information was obtained from Finland's population register. Originally, 3119 questionnaires were sent. After four reminder letters, 1737 questionnaires were returned.

Keruumenetelmä

Self-administered questionnaire: Paper

Keruuväline tai –ohje

Structured questionnaire

Vastausprosentti

56

Datatiedostojen kieli

Aineistopaketti voi sisältää samoja tiedostoja eri kielisinä.

Aineisto sisältää datatiedostoja seuraavilla kielillä: englanti ja suomi.

Tietoarkisto kääntää kvantitatiivisia datatiedostoja englanniksi. Lisätietoja käännöspyynnön jättämisestä.

Havaintojen ja muuttujien lukumäärä

361 muuttujaa ja 1737 havaintoa.

Datan versio

2.0

Aineiston käytössä huomioitavaa

Responses to questions 2111, 3044, 3072, 3084, 309, 3152, 3171-3175, 3181, 3182, 4092, 4093, 5021, 5022 (section concerning 14-year-olds), 5033, 508, 509, 5171-5178 are not included in the data. Variables connected to questions 3231, 3232, 3233, 3234, 504, 4055, 3042, 5032 and 5113 were removed because of ambiguities.

Painokertoimet

There are no weight variables in the data.

Viittausvaatimus

The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.

Malliviittaus

Ervasti, Heikki (University of Turku) & Kangas, Olli (University of Turku): Attitudes to Economy and Social Security 1994 [dataset]. Version 2.0 (2018-07-13). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD1357

Julkaisusta tiedottaminen

Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.

Varaumat

The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.

Julkaisut aineistosta

Sikora, Joanna (1997). A Comparison of 1994/1995 International Survey of Economic Attitudes Data with Censuses [verkkodokumentti]. WwA: Worldwide Attitudes, Vol. 1997-12-21: 1-15. http://www.international-survey.org/wwa_pub/articles/joanna2.htm [viitattu 16.7.2004].

Peltonen, Hanna (2000). Työtyytyväisyys Suomessa ja Australiassa. Turku: Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalipolitiikan pro gradu -tutkielma.

Kangas, Olli (2000). The Grasshopper and the Ants: Popular Opinions of Just Distribution in Australia and Finland [verkkodokumentti]. SPRC Seminar Series, Session 1, 2000, Sydney, Australia. http://www.sprc.unsw.edu.au/seminars/kangas.pdf [viitattu 16.7.2004].

Forma, Pauli & Kangas, Olli (1999). Need, citizenship or merit: public opinion on pension in Australia, Finland and Poland. In: The end of the welfare state?: responses to state retrenchment (eds. Stefan Svallfors & Peter Taylos-Gooby), 161-189. London: Routledge.

Forma, Pauli (1995). Hyvinvointimallien kannatus Suomessa: tutkimus sosiaalipoliittisten intressien välittymisestä. Turku: Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalipolitiikan pro gradu -tutkielma.

Forma, Pauli (1996). Agentit kansan asialla? Maanviljelijöiden, työntekijöiden ja yrittäjien etujen välittyminen poliittiseen päätöksentekoon. Politiikka 38(4), 201-217.

Forma, Pauli (1996). The politics of interest mediation: the case of universalistic social policy in Finland. Turku: Turun yliopisto. Turun yliopisto, sosiaalipolitiikan laitos. Sarja B; 7.

Forma, Pauli (1997). Citizens, elites and the welfare state: opinions on pension policy in Finland. Helsinki: Stakes. National Research and Developement Centre for Welfare and Health, Themes; 5/1997.

Forma, Pauli (1999). Do the agents work for the people?: the representation of class interests in the light of opinion data. Teoksessa: Forma, Pauli: Interests, institutions and the welfare state: studies on public opinion towards the welfare state, s. 100-118. Helsinki: Stakes National Research and Developement Centre for Welfare and Health, Research Report; 102 & Turku: Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalipolitiikan väitöskirja.

Forma, Pauli (1999). Eroding solidarity - growing polarisation?: welfare state opinions of the well-off and worse-off finns during the economic recession. Teoksessa: Forma, Pauli: Interests, institutions and the welfare state: studies on public opinion towards the welfare state, s. 81-99. Helsinki: Stakes National Research and Developement Centre for Welfare and Health, Research Report; 102 & Turku: Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalipolitiikan väitöskirja.

Forma, Pauli (1999). Interests, institutions and the welfare state. Teoksessa: Forma, Pauli: Interests, institutions and the welfare state: studies on public opinion towards the welfare state, s. 16-44. Helsinki: Stakes National Research and Developement Centre for Welfare and Health, Research Report; 102 & Turku: Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalipolitiikan väitöskirja.

Forma, Pauli (1999). Mureeneeko solidaarisuus, polarisoituuko yhteiskunta? Hyvä- ja huono-osaisten sosiaaliturvaa ja hyvinvointivaltiota koskevat mielipiteet 1990-luvun Suomessa. Yhteiskuntapolitiikka 64(1), 3-19.

Forma, Pauli (1999). Welfare state opinions among citizens, MP-candidates and elites: evidence from Finland. Teoksessa: Forma, Pauli: Interests, institutions and the welfare state: studies on public opinion towards the welfare state, s. 119-135. Helsinki: Stakes National Research and Developement Centre for Welfare and Health, Research Report; 102 & Turku: Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalipolitiikan väitöskirja.

Forma, Pauli (1999). Welfare state opinions among citizens, MP-candidates and elites: evidence from Finland. Teoksessa: The end of the welfare state?: responses to state retrenchment (eds. Stefan Svallfors & Peter Taylos-Gooby), s. 87-105. London: Routledge.

Evans, M. D. R & Kelley, Jonathan (2004). Subjective Social Location: Data From 21 Nations. International Journal of Public Opinion Research, 16(1), 3-38.

Ervasti, Heikki (1995). Bringing the Family Back in? Attitudes towards the role of the family in the care for the elderly and children. Yearbook of population research in Finland 32/1994-1995, 80-95. Helsinki: The Population Research Institute.

Ervasti, Heikki (1996). Bringing the Family Back in?: attitudes towards the role of the family in the care for the elderly and children. Teoksessa: Ervasti, Heikki: Kenen vastuu?: tutkimuksia hyvinvointipluralismista legitimeetin näkökulmasta, 118-148. Helsinki: Stakes. Sosiaali- ja terveysalan tutkimus- ja kehittämiskeskus, tutkimuksia; 62 & Turku: Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalipolitiikan väitöskirja.

Ervasti, Heikki (1996). Hyvinvointivaltion kriisi ja vaihtoehtoiset sosiaalipolitiikan toimintamallit. Teoksessa: Ervasti, Heikki: Kenen vastuu?: tutkimuksia hyvinvointipluralismista legitimeetin näkökulmasta, 1-65. Helsinki: Stakes. Sosiaali- ja terveysalan tutkimus- ja kehittämiskeskus, tutkimuksia; 62 & Turku: Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalipolitiikan väitöskirja.

Ervasti, Heikki (1996). Matkalla vapaaseen markkinatalouteen?: julkisen sektorin kokoa koskevat asenteet Puolassa ja Suomessa. Teoksessa: Ervasti, Heikki: Kenen vastuu?: tutkimuksia hyvinvointipluralismista legitimeetin näkökulmasta, 149-188. Helsinki: Stakes. Sosiaali- ja terveysalan tutkimus- ja kehittämiskeskus, tutkimuksia; 62 & Turku: Turun yliopisto. Sosiaalipolitiikan väitöskirja.

Airio, Ilpo & Kangas, Olli (2017). Mielipiteet eläkkeiden järjestämistavoista ja määräytymisperiaatteista Suomessa vuosina 1994 ja 2016. Yhteiskuntapolitiikka Vol. 82 (6). 617-629.

Penttilä, Emma (2019) Puoluekannan ja ammattitaustan vaikutus suhtautumisessa poliittisiin lakkoihin. Kandidaatin tutkielma, Politiikan tutkimuksen tutkinto-ohjelma. Tampereen yliopisto.