Valitse muuttuja

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[q1a_a] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? A resource for the future

[q1a_b] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Lot of activity

[q1a_c] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? A burden on the national economy

[q1a_d] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Environmentally friendly lifestyle

[q1a_e] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Freedom

[q1a_f] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Modern

[q1a_g] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Marginalisation

[q1a_h] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Sense of community

[q1a_i] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Good life

[q1a_j] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Open

[q1a_k] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Genuine, sincere

[q1a_l] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Stress

[q1a_m] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Pleasant environment

[q1a_n] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Nature

[q1a_o] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Culture

[q1a_p] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the countryside? Variety and change

[q1b_a] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? A resource for the future

[q1b_b] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Lot of activity

[q1b_c] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? A burden on the national economy

[q1b_d] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Environmentally friendly lifestyle

[q1b_e] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Freedom

[q1b_f] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Modern

[q1b_g] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Marginalisation

[q1b_h] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Sense of community

[q1b_i] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Good life

[q1b_j] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Open

[q1b_k] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Genuine, sincere

[q1b_l] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Stress

[q1b_m] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Pleasant environment

[q1b_n] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Nature

[q1b_o] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Culture

[q1b_p] How closely do you associate the following ideas with the city? Variety and change

[q2aa_a] How well do the following correspond to your notion of the countryside? Remote, sparsely populated area that is dominated by forests or other natural landscape with few population centres

[q2aa_b] How well do the following correspond to your notion of the countryside? Area dominated by farmhouses, villages and fields

[q2aa_c] How well do the following correspond to your notion of the countryside? Inhabited area that is close to a city and also has natural landscape or fields

[tq2ab] Other (open-ended)

[q2b_a] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Open fields

[q2b_b] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Sparsely populated areas

[q2b_c] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Villages

[q2b_d] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Forest wilderness

[q2b_e] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Ski resorts

[q2b_f] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Archipelago

[q2b_g] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Fells

[q2b_h] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Holiday villages in natural environment

[q2b_i] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Villages and population centres

[q2b_j] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Small towns

[q2b_k] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Natural areas in cities

[q2b_l] Do you think the following are part of the countryside? Anything that is not a dense urban area

[q3a] Which do you consider yourself, a rural resident or a city-dweller?

[tq3a] Which do you consider yourself, a rural resident or a city-dweller? Neither, what? (open-ended)

[q3b] How important is the rural/urban identity to you personally?

[q3c] Speaking about Finns in general, do you think the rural/urban identity is to them...

[q4x_a] My permanent residence is located...

[q4x_b] I mostly live...

[q4x_c] My holiday home/second home is located...

[q4x_d] My preferred location of permanent residence would be...

[q4x_e] The most significant area for me in my childhood was...

[q4x_f] My workplace is located...

[q4_1_1] I spend time or travel on weekends or my days off: In a sparsely populated area in the countryside in Finland

[q4_1_2] I spend time or travel on weekends or my days off: In a population centre in the countryside in Finland

[q4_1_3] I spend time or travel on weekends or my days off: In a small town in Finland

[q4_1_4] I spend time or travel on weekends or my days off: In an area in Finland that is difficult to define as either a rural or urban area

[q4_1_5] I spend time or travel on weekends or my days off: On the outskirts of a large town in Finland

[q4_1_6] I spend time or travel on weekends or my days off: In the centre of a large town in Finland

[q4_1_7] I spend time or travel on weekends or my days off: Abroad

[q4_1_8] I spend time or travel on weekends or my days off: Can't say

[q4_2_1] I spend time or travel during my holidays: In a sparsely populated area in the countryside in Finland

[q4_2_2] I spend time or travel during my holidays: In a population centre in the countryside in Finland

[q4_2_3] I spend time or travel during my holidays: In a small town in Finland

[q4_2_4] I spend time or travel during my holidays: In an area in Finland that is difficult to define as either a rural or urban area

[q4_2_5] I spend time or travel during my holidays: On the outskirts of a large town in Finland

[q4_2_6] I spend time or travel during my holidays: In the centre of a large town in Finland

[q4_2_7] I spend time or travel during my holidays: Abroad

[q4_2_8] I spend time or travel during my holidays: Can't say

[q4_3_1] I spend time or travel in work-related matters: In a sparsely populated area in the countryside in Finland

[q4_3_2] I spend time or travel in work-related matters: In a population centre in the countryside in Finland

[q4_3_3] I spend time or travel in work-related matters: In a small town in Finland

[q4_3_4] I spend time or travel in work-related matters: In an area in Finland that is difficult to define as either a rural or urban area

[q4_3_5] I spend time or travel in work-related matters: On the outskirts of a large town in Finland

[q4_3_6] I spend time or travel in work-related matters: In the centre of a large town in Finland

[q4_3_7] I spend time or travel in work-related matters: Abroad

[q4_3_8] I spend time or travel in work-related matters: Can't say

[q4_4_1] The relatives/friends I regularly meet live: In a sparsely populated area in the countryside in Finland

[q4_4_2] The relatives/friends I regularly meet live: In a population centre in the countryside in Finland

[q4_4_3] The relatives/friends I regularly meet live: In a small town in Finland

[q4_4_4] The relatives/friends I regularly meet live: In an area in Finland that is difficult to define as either a rural or urban area

[q4_4_5] The relatives/friends I regularly meet live: On the outskirts of a large town in Finland

[q4_4_6] The relatives/friends I regularly meet live: In the centre of a large town in Finland

[q4_4_7] The relatives/friends I regularly meet live: Abroad

[q4_4_8] The relatives/friends I regularly meet live: Can't say

[q4a_a] A sparsely populated area in the countryside in Finland: I spend time or travel there on weekends and my days off

[q4a_b] A sparsely populated area in the countryside in Finland: I spend time or travel there during my holidays

[q4a_c] A sparsely populated area in the countryside in Finland: I spend time or travel there in work-related matters

[q4a_d] A sparsely populated area in the countryside in Finland: The relatives/friends I regularly meet live there

[q4b_a] A population centre in the countryside in Finland: I spend time or travel there on weekends or my days off

[q4b_b] A population centre in the countryside in Finland: I spend time or travel there during my holidays

[q4b_c] A population centre in the countryside in Finland: I spend time or travel there in work-related matters

[q4b_d] A population centre in the countryside in Finland: The relatives/friends I regularly meet live there

[q4c_a] A small town in Finland: I spend time or travel there on weekends or my days off

[q4c_b] A small town in Finland: I spend time or travel there during my holidays

[q4c_c] A small town in Finland: I spend time or travel there in work-related matters

[q4c_d] A small town in Finland: The relatives/friends I regularly meet live there

[q4d_a] An area in Finland that is difficult to define as either a rural or urban area: I spend time or travel there on weekends or my days off

[q4d_b] An area in Finland that is difficult to define as either a rural or urban area: I spend time or travel there during my holidays

[q4d_c] An area in Finland that is difficult to define as either a rural or urban area: I spend time or travel there in work-related matters

[q4d_d] An area in Finland that is difficult to define as either a rural or urban area: The relatives/friends I regularly meet live there

[q4e_a] The outskirts of a large town in Finland: I spend time or travel there on weekends or my days off

[q4e_b] The outskirts of a large town in Finland: I spend time or travel there during my holidays

[q4e_c] The outskirts of a large town in Finland: I spend time or travel there in work-related matters

[q4e_d] The outskirts of a large town in Finland: The relatives/friends I regularly meet live there

[q4f_a] The centre of a large town in Finland: I spend time or travel there on weekends or my days off

[q4f_b] The centre of a large town in Finland: I spend time or travel there during my holidays

[q4f_c] The centre of a large town in Finland: I spend time or travel there in work-related matters

[q4f_d] The centre of a large town in Finland: The relatives/friends I regularly meet live there

[q4g_a] Abroad: I spend time or travel there on weekends or my days off

[q4g_b] Abroad: I spend time or travel there during my holidays

[q4g_c] Abroad: I spend time or travel there in work-related matters

[q4g_d] Abroad: The relatives/friends I regularly meet live there

[q4y_a] Are you going to move in the near future (in the next 10 years)? To a more rural setting

[q4y_b] Are you going to move in the near future (in the next 10 years)? To a more urban setting

[q4z_a] I customarily live part of the time in different locations (e.g. on weekdays, weekends or every other week)

[q4z_b] I live part of the year for continuous period(s) somewhere else than in my home (e.g. in my holiday home)

[q4z_c] My workplace and residence are located in different municipalities

[q4z_d] I regularly work remotely

[q4z_e] I have lived in several different municipalities in Finland

[q4z_f] I have meaningful roots somewhere else than where I currently live

[q4z_g] I have a lot of friends in different parts of Finland

[q4z_h] I own or rent a second home/holiday home

[q4z_i] I own or rent an apartment for work purposes

[q4z_j] I spend my holidays and leisure time in varying places

[q4z_k] I don't feel a connection to any specific place

[q4z_l] Other, which?

[q4z_eos] Can't say

[tq4z_l] Other, which? (open-ended)

[q6a_a] What does the countryside mean to you today? I live in the countryside, either permanently or for part of the year

[q6a_b] What does the countryside mean to you today? I have a holiday home/second home in the countryside

[q6a_c] What does the countryside mean to you today? I own forest property or land in the countryside

[q6a_d] What does the countryside mean to you today? I own property in the countryside

[q6a_e] What does the countryside mean to you today? I work partly or mainly in the countryside

[q6a_f] What does the countryside mean to you today? The countryside is an important environment to me in terms of self-actualization

[q6a_g] What does the countryside mean to you today? I visit the countryside to recharge my batteries and enjoy recreational activities

[q6a_h] What does the countryside mean to you today? The countryside brings space and peace into my life

[q6a_i] What does the countryside mean to you today? The countryside offers me unadulterated, responsibly produced food

[q6a_j] What does the countryside mean to you today? The countryside is an important part of my cultural heritage

[q6a_k] What does the countryside mean to you today? The countryside is of personal significance to me, even though I don't visit it much

[q6a_l] What does the countryside mean to you today? The countryside does not play any special role in my life

[q6a_m] What does the countryside mean to you today? The countryside allows me to have some peaceful, stress-free time off

[q6a_n] What does the countryside mean to you today? The countryside is an important source for experiences in my life

[q6a_o] What does the countryside mean to you today? The countryside is an important setting for activities I enjoy

[q6a_eos] What does the countryside mean to you today? Can't say

[q6b_a] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? I will live in the countryside, either permanently or for part of the year

[q6b_b] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? I will have a holiday home/second home in the countryside

[q6b_c] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will be a place where I own forest property or land

[q6b_d] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will be a place where I own property

[q6b_e] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? I will work partly or mainly in the countryside

[q6b_f] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will be an important environment to me in terms of self-actualization

[q6b_g] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? I will visit the countryside to recharge my batteries and enjoy recreational activities

[q6b_h] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will bring space and peace into my life

[q6b_i] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will offer me unadulterated, responsibly produced food

[q6b_j] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will be an important part of my cultural heritage

[q6b_k] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will be of personal significance to me, even though I don't visit it much

[q6b_l] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will not play any special role in my life

[q6b_m] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will allow me to have some peaceful, stress-free time off

[q6b_n] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will be an important source for experiences in my life

[q6b_o] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? The countryside will be an important setting for activities I enjoy

[q6b_eos] What do you think the countryside will mean to you in ten years' time? Can't say

[q7] How do you think the importance of the countryside to Finland as a whole will change in the future?

[q8a_a] I hope that by 2025: More city-dwellers will live in the countryside part of the year

[q8a_b] I hope that by 2025: The countryside will be easily accessible to everyone

[q8a_c] I hope that by 2025: Organic and local foods will be widely available

[q8a_d] I hope that by 2025: The opportunity to encounter nature offered by the countryside will be appreciated

[q8a_e] I hope that by 2025: Only those with money and power can live in the countryside

[q8a_f] I hope that by 2025: Local solutions will be seen as viable alternatives to centralisation

[q8a_g] I hope that by 2025: Diverse tourism industry will thrive in the countryside

[q8a_h] I hope that by 2025: Agriculture will have become considerably more intensive

[q8a_i] I hope that by 2025: Many new kinds of business within the green economy will be based in the countryside

[q8a_j] I hope that by 2025: The countryside will have become seriously depopulated

[q8a_k] I hope that by 2025: Ample space will attract people to Finland

[q8a_l] I hope that by 2025: More people will work remotely from the countryside

[q8a_m] I hope that by 2025: Diverse business activities have increased in the countryside

[q8a_eos] I hope that by 2025: Can't say

[q8b_a] I expect that by 2025: More city-dwellers will live in the countryside part of the year

[q8b_b] I expect that by 2025: The countryside will be easily accessible to everyone

[q8b_c] I expect that by 2025: Organic and local foods will be widely available

[q8b_d] I expect that by 2025: The opportunity to encounter nature offered by the countryside will be appreciated

[q8b_e] I expect that by 2025: Only those with money and power can live in the countryside

[q8b_f] I expect that by 2025: Local solutions will be seen as viable alternatives to centralisation

[q8b_g] I expect that by 2025: Diverse tourism industry will thrive in the countryside

[q8b_h] I expect that by 2025: Agriculture will have become considerably more intensive

[q8b_i] I expect that by 2025: Many new kinds of business within the green economy will be based in the countryside

[q8b_j] I expect that by 2025: The countryside will have become seriously depopulated

[q8b_k] I expect that by 2025: Ample space will attract people to Finland

[q8b_l] I expect that by 2025: More people will work remotely from the countryside

[q8b_m] I expect that by 2025: Diverse business activities have increased in the countryside

[q8b_eos] I expect that by 2025: Can't say

[tq8c] What are the reasons for your responses above?

[q9_a] Building in sparsely populated areas should be restricted

[q9_b] The spreading of urban dwellings to the outskirts of cities should be restricted

[q9_c] Everyone should have the right to live where they want

[q9_d] A strategy of controlled shutdown of public services should be drawn up for declining areas

[q9_e] Special financial support should be provided to declining rural areas

[q9_f] It is right to restrict the availability of public services in remote areas

[q9_g] The Finnish countryside should be developed in a demand-driven manner to meet the individual needs of a range of people

[q9_h] The countryside should be accessible to all Finns

[q9_i] The rights to local services should be improved for people who live in the countryside part of the year

[q9_j] People living in the countryside should have more local power and responsibility in managing their own affairs

[q9_k] The countryside should primarily be developed according to the needs of the permanent residents

[q10_a] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Attracting new residents to the countryside

[q10_b] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Creating a more concentrated community structure

[q10_c] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Developing activity, sense of responsibility and decision-making at the village/municipal district level

[q10_d] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Increasing the funding for rural development programmes

[q10_e] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Providing special financial support to remote areas

[q10_f] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Developing new ways of providing services

[q10_g] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Increasing the possibilities of working remotely

[q10_h] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Increasing the production of renewable energy

[q10_i] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Improving the image of the countryside

[q10_j] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Improving accessibility

[q10_k] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Improving telecommunications

[q10_l] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Enabling sustainable living

[q10_m] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Developing a sustainable and modern economy based on natural resources

[q10_n] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Recognizing new demand-based business opportunities

[q10_o] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Multiple municipal citizenship that would allow tax revenue to be distributed to both/all municipalities where a person lives during the year

[q10_p] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Abolishing restrictive regulation

[q10_q] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Developing rural livelihoods

[q10_r] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Promoting business activities

[q10_s] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Developing local solutions that advance the green economy

[q10_t] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Utilizing the skills of holiday residents in the development of rural areas

[q10_u] What do you think are the development needs of the countryside? Promoting part-time residence

[tq10a] Something else that should be improved? (open-ended)

[q10b_a] Which of the following could be cut down on? Attracting new residents to the countryside

[q10b_b] Which of the following could be cut down on? Creating a more concentrated community structure

[q10b_c] Which of the following could be cut down on? Developing activity, sense of responsibility and decision-making at the village/municipal district level

[q10b_d] Which of the following could be cut down on? Increasing the funding for rural development programmes

[q10b_e] Which of the following could be cut down on? Providing special financial support to remote areas

[q10b_f] Which of the following could be cut down on? Developing new ways of providing services

[q10b_g] Which of the following could be cut down on? Increasing the possibilities of working remotely

[q10b_h] Which of the following could be cut down on? Increasing the production of renewable energy

[q10b_i] Which of the following could be cut down on? Improving the image of the countryside

[q10b_j] Which of the following could be cut down on? Improving accessibility

[q10b_k] Which of the following could be cut down on? Improving telecommunications

[q10b_l] Which of the following could be cut down on? Enabling sustainable living

[q10b_m] Which of the following could be cut down on? Developing a sustainable and modern economy based on natural resources

[q10b_n] Which of the following could be cut down on? Recognizing new demand-based business opportunities

[q10b_o] Which of the following could be cut down on? Multiple municipal citizenship that would allow tax revenue to be distributed to both/all municipalities where a person lives during the year

[q10b_p] Which of the following could be cut down on? Abolishing restrictive regulation

[q10b_q] Which of the following could be cut down on? Developing rural livelihoods

[q10b_r] Which of the following could be cut down on? Promoting business activities

[q10b_s] Which of the following could be cut down on? Developing local solutions that advance the green economy

[q10b_t] Which of the following could be cut down on? Utilizing the skills of holiday residents in the development of rural areas

[q10b_u] Which of the following could be cut down on? Promoting part-time residence

[tq10bb] Something else that could be cut down on? (open-ended)

[q11_a] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Agriculture

[q11_b] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Forestry

[q11_c] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Biorefining

[q11_d] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Production of renewable energy

[q11_e] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Mining

[q11_f] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Local food production and related services

[q11_g] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Recreational services

[q11_h] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Health and well-being services related to nature and the countryside

[q11_i] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? The arts and culture

[q11_j] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Social care services

[q11_k] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? IT services and content creation

[q11_l] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Logistics

[q11_m] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Metal industry

[q11_n] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Online shops

[q11_o] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Other industry

[tq11b] How do you think business opportunities in the following industries will develop in the countryside? Other industry, which? (open-ended)

[q12_a] The best way to create new businesses is to encourage and motivate citizens to become entrepreneurs

[q12_b] The basis and goal of promoting entrepreneurship is local/regional welfare

[q12_c] In promoting entrepreneurship, too much attention is given to creating and strengthening business incubators, centres of competence etc.

[q12_d] Legislation and regulatory control cause significant barriers to business

[q12_e] There aren't enough advice, funding or other services available for entrepreneurs

[q12_f] The increasing demands for eco-efficiency create new business opportunities

[q12_g] Politicians and public officials responsible for promoting entrepreneurship understand the realities of being an entrepreneur well

[q12_h] Current activities for promoting and supporting entrepreneurship do not treat entrepreneurs equally

[q13_a] There are a lot of untapped business opportunities in the countryside

[q13_b] The countryside is a good environment for innovative entrepreneurship

[q13_c] Entrepreneurs operating in the countryside are well networked with businesses and clients in cities

[q13_d] Goods and services produced in the countryside are easily available

[q13_e] In order to operate in the countryside an entrepreneur must be prepared to settle for smaller profitability and lower profit targets

[q13_f] Business activity in the countryside is not demand-driven enough

[q13_g] Companies operating in cities do not utilize the opportunities provided by the countryside nearly as much as they could

[q13_h] Business activity in the countryside is not possible without active urban centres close by

[q13_i] There are good prospects in the countryside for socially beneficial non-profit organizations

[t1] The respondent's year of birth

[t2] The respondent's gender

[t3] The respondent's education

[t4] If the parliamentary elections were held now, the candidate of which party or group would you vote for?

[t6] The respondent's economic activity and occupational status

[t7] Gross annual income of the household

[t9_a] Nature of the respondent's work: Developer

[t9_b] Nature of the respondent's work: Public servant/public official

[t9_c] Nature of the respondent's work: Researcher

[t9_d] Nature of the respondent's work: Other

[tt9_d] Nature of the respondent's work: Other, which? (open-ended)

[t10] Municipality of residence

[t11] Type of municipality of residence