Valitse muuttuja

[fsd_no] FSD study number

[fsd_vr] FSD edition number

[fsd_id] FSD case id

[v1_1] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising municipal tax rate

[v1_2] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Borrowing/increasing borrowing

[v1_3] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Cutting down/reducing municipal services

[v1_4] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Privatising municipal services

[v1_5] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising the general level of usage/service fees

[v1_6] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Selling municipal property

[v1_7] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing/postponing construction investments, etc.

[v1_8] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Consolidation of municipalities/merging municipalities into larger entities

[v1_9] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the co-operation between municipalities without consolidations

[v1_10] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of municipal employees by firing them

[v1_11] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of administrative employees

[v1_12] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of service provision employees

[v1_13] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Laying off employees

[v1_14] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing employees' salaries/increasing their working hours

[v1_15] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of elected officials/bodies

[v1_16] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Applying the principle of accountability in municipal offices and departments

[v1_17] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the state control over municipalities

[v1_18] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the state supervision over municipalities

[v1_19] How effective would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Improving the inhabitants' possibilities to influence

[v2_1] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising municipal tax rate

[v2_2] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Borrowing/increasing borrowing

[v2_3] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Cutting down/reducing municipal services

[v2_4] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Privatising municipal services

[v2_5] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Raising the general level of usage/service fees

[v2_6] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Selling municipal property

[v2_7] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing/postponing construction investments, etc.

[v2_8] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Consolidation of municipalities/merging municipalities into larger entities

[v2_9] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the co-operation between municipalities without consolidations

[v2_10] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of municipal employees by firing them

[v2_11] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of administrative employees

[v2_12] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of service provision employees

[v2_13] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Laying off employees

[v2_14] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing employees' salaries/increasing their working hours

[v2_15] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the number of elected officials/bodies

[v2_16] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Applying the principle of accountability in municipal offices and departments

[v2_17] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Reducing the state control over municipalities

[v2_18] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Increasing the state supervision over municipalities

[v2_19] How acceptable would you consider the following means in terms of improving the financial situation of municipalities: Improving the inhabitants' possibilities to influence

[v3_1] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Everyone can influence matters in his/her municipality of residence if he/she wants to

[v3_2] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The growth of municipal administration has exceeded the citizens' liquidity

[v3_3] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal managers and mayors should be elected for a fixed term

[v3_4] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal managers and mayors should be elected by direct vote

[v3_5] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: There are far too many municipalities in our country

[v3_6] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The number of municipalities should be reduced by forced consolidations in order to improve the financial situation of municipalities and municipal services

[v3_7] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal consolidations are realised, they should be based on voluntariness

[v3_8] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipalities with large population or area should be divided into several smaller municipalities

[v3_9] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Most departments offering municipal services would need more staff to be able to serve citizens better

[v3_10] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: As many municipal departments as possible should be turned into business companies

[v3_11] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: The pace and efficiency of work in municipal departments are at least as high as in other fields

[v3_12] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal offices and departments worked effectively without unnecessary bureaucracy, the number of municipal employees could be reduced to half

[v3_13] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal taxation in Finland is not excessive in relation to the selection and quality of municipal services

[v3_14] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If it has to be done, it is better to raise the municipal tax rate than to cut down municipal services

[v3_15] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: In the future, municipalities should increase rather than cut down municipal services

[v3_16] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal services should be allocated only to inhabitants who cannot afford to pay for private services

[v3_17] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It makes no difference whether municipal services are provided by the municipality itself or private companies, as long as the inhabitants have access to the services they need

[v3_18] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Municipal self-government is a fundamental value for Finns, and it should not be undermined in any circumstances

[v3_19] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Local government could be abolished in municipalities where there is already enough service provision

[v3_20] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Finnish membership in the European Community would be a threat to the future of my municipality of residence

[v3_21] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It would be desirable if Finland joined the European Community from the viewpoint of my municipality of residence and the living conditions of its inhabitants

[v3_22] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: It would be a positive thing if more foreigners moved to my municipality of residence to live and work there

[v3_23] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: All Finnish municipalities should decidedly refuse to take any more refugees

[v3_24] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Delegating municipal services to private companies or other private bodies would increase the effectiviness of the services and save the costs

[v3_25] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If municipal services were privatised, inequality and insecurity among inhabitants would increase

[v3_26] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: If Finnish municipalities are not streamlined and their economy hard-handedly reorganised soon, the majority of them will end up in a state of bankruptcy before long

[v3_27] To what extent do you agree with the following statement: Local democracy would not suffer even if half of municipal elected bodies (e.g. boards) were abolished

[v4_1] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Maintenance of parks and recreation areas

[v4_2] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Public transport services

[v4_3] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Support of business life

[v4_4] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Support of housing production

[v4_5] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Sports, exercise and outdoor recreation possibilities and services

[v4_6] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Salaries of municipal officials and employees

[v4_7] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: School services

[v4_8] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Child day care

[v4_9] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Elderly care

[v4_10] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Minimum income guarantee (formerly social welfare)

[v4_11] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Street maintenance and lighting

[v4_12] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Municipal health centre services

[v4_13] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Library services

[v4_14] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Environmental protection

[v4_15] If municipalities are forced to reduce their expenses, how much would you think the following area could be cut down to generate savings: Culture services, e.g. theatres

[v5_1] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Municipal manager/mayor

[v5_2] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Municipal officials

[v5_3] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Local/city council

[v5_4] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Local/city government

[v5_5] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Boards and directorates

[v5_6] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Banks

[v5_7] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Industrial and other enterprises

[v5_8] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Regional/local newspapers

[v5_9] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Political parties' local organisations

[v5_10] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Entrepreneur organisations

[v5_11] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Trade unions

[v5_12] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Agricultural producer organisations

[v5_13] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Church/congregations

[v5_14] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Sports clubs

[v5_15] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Residents' associations/village committees

[v5_16] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Various single issues groups, e.g. conservationists

[v5_17] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Local state authorities

[v5_18] How much real power does the following body have in municipal decision-making: Inhabitants of the municipality

[v5b_1] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Municipal manager/mayor

[v5b_2] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Municipal officials

[v5b_3] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Local/city council

[v5b_4] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Local/city government

[v5b_5] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Boards and directorates

[v5b_6] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Banks

[v5b_7] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Industrial and other enterprises

[v5b_8] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Regional/local newspapers

[v5b_9] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Political parties' local organisations

[v5b_10] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Entrepreneur organisations

[v5b_11] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Trade unions

[v5b_12] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Agricultural producer organisations

[v5b_13] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Church/congregations

[v5b_14] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Sports clubs

[v5b_15] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Residents' associations/village committees

[v5b_16] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Various single issues groups, e.g. conservationists

[v5b_17] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Local state authorities

[v5b_18] Which of the following bodies have too much power in your opinion: Inhabitants of the municipality

[v5c_1] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Municipal manager/mayor

[v5c_2] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Municipal officials

[v5c_3] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Local/city council

[v5c_4] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Local/city government

[v5c_5] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Boards and directorates

[v5c_6] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Banks

[v5c_7] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Industrial and other enterprises

[v5c_8] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Regional/local newspapers

[v5c_9] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Political parties' local organisations

[v5c_10] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Entrepreneur organisations

[v5c_11] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Trade unions

[v5c_12] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Agricultural producer organisations

[v5c_13] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Church/congregations

[v5c_14] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Sports clubs

[v5c_15] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Residents' associations/village committees

[v5c_16] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Various single issues groups, e.g. conservationists

[v5c_17] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Local state authorities

[v5c_18] Which of the following bodies have too little power in your opinion: Inhabitants of the municipality

[bv1] Respondent's gender

[bv2] Respondent's age (categorised at FSD)

[bv3] Respondent's basic education

[bv4] Respondent's vocational education

[bv5] Within which of the following income brackets does your gross household income fall (total income of all household members before taxes)?

[bv6_1] Number of persons aged over 16 in the household (top-coded at FSD)

[bv6_2] Number of persons aged 7-16 in the household (top-coded at FSD)

[bv6_3] Number of persons aged under 7 in the household (top-coded at FSD)

[bv6_4] Total number of persons in the household (top-coded at FSD)

[bv7] Respondent's household composition

[bv8_1] Economic activity and occupational status of the household head (the person with the highest income)

[bv8_2] (IF RETIRED) Former economic activity and occupational status of the household head (the person with the highest income)

[bv9] Type of neighbourhood where the respondent lives

[bv10] Respondent's province of residence

[bv11] Respondent's economic activity and occupational status

[bv12] Respondent's employer type

[bv13] Which political party or group did you vote for in the last parliamentary elections?

[bv14] If the municipal elections were held now, which political party or group would you vote for?

[bv15] If the municipal elections were held now, which political party or group would be your second choice?

[kk] The respondent's municipality of residence