Aineiston nimi

Robots and Us Survey: United States, April 2019

Aineistonumero

FSD3713

Pysyvät tunnisteet

https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3713
https://doi.org/10.60686/t-fsd3713

Aineiston laatu

Kvantitatiivinen aineisto

Tekijät

• Oksanen, Atte (Tampere University. Faculty of Social Sciences)
• Savela, Nina (Tampere University. Faculty of Social Sciences)

Sisällön kuvaus

The survey charted the opinions and attitudes of US citizens towards robots and how interaction changes when a human is replaced by a robot. The data was collected as part of the Robots in Society research project. The project explores interaction processes and societal understanding of human-robot encounters.

First, respondents were asked about their background and personality traits. In the next section, respondents were randomly divided into six different experimental groups. In the trust test, respondents were asked to participate in a fictional game situation with a stranger, a robot or an AI. In addition to the previous information, the name of the opponent was varied. Respondents were then asked to describe the logic of the game and then asked to write the amount of money they had chosen in the open field.

In the second experiment, respondents were randomly divided into three different groups. The respondents were asked to imagine themselves in a hypothetical work situation. The experiment varied the composition of the work team by including one or more robots in the imaginary situation or by describing a work team consisting solely of humans. Respondents were then asked how they identified with this work team. Respondents were then asked to write a short imaginary text about their first day in this new job with the team in question.

After the two experiments, respondents were asked about their previous experiences with robots, as well as their attitudes and self-confidence towards technology and robots. Attitudes towards interacting with robots were explored through an experimental set-up in which the degree of autonomy of the robot (fully remote, partially autonomous or fully autonomous) was varied in the framing of the questions.

The following scales or measures, which also appear as abbreviations in the variable names, have been used in the data: BF = A short 15-item Big Five Inventory (BFI-S) of personality dimensions (personality traits neuroticism, extroversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness), IGI = In-Group Identification: self-definition and self-investment and self-investment and RS = Robot-Use Self-Efficacy RUSH-3. In addition, the employment industries are formed according to the International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC 2008).

Background variables included the respondent's gender, age group, area of residence, type of residence, highest level of education, houdehold's gross annual income, economic activity and industry of employment.

Asiasanat

artificial intelligence; attitudes; computers; cooperation; group behaviour; intergroup relations; occupational life; workplace relations

Tieteenala/Aihealue

• Social sciences (OKM:n tieteenalaluokitus)
• Labour and employment (CESSDAn aihepiiriluokitus)
• Information society (CESSDAn aihepiiriluokitus)
• Social behaviour and attitudes (CESSDAn aihepiiriluokitus)

Sarja

Individual datasets

Jakelija

Finnish Social Science Data Archive

Käyttöoikeudet

The dataset is (C) available only for research including master's theses.

Kerääjät

• Oksanen, Atte (Tampere University. Faculty of Social Sciences)
• Savela, Nina (Tampere University. Faculty of Social Sciences)

Rahoittajat

• Finnish Cultural Foundation

Ajallinen kattavuus

2019

Aineistonkeruun ajankohta

2019-04-03 – 2019-04-04

Maa

United States

Kohdealue

United States

Havaintoyksikkötyyppi

Individual

Perusjoukko/otos

United States residents aged 15-94

Tutkimuksen aikaulottuvuus

Cross-section

Otantamenetelmä

Non-probability: Quota

Respondent panel and quota sampling. The research team recruited respondents from Amazon Mechanical Turk, a crowdsourcing website whose users volunteered to answer surveys. Gender quotas were used to ensure that the gender distribution of the data matched the gender distribution of the U.S. population (U.S. Census Bureau). The final number of observations is 969, from which 20 respondents were dropped by the researcher during the data quality check.

Keruumenetelmä

Self-administered questionnaire: Web-based (CAWI)

Keruuväline tai –ohje

Structured questionnaire

Participant tasks

Datatiedostojen kieli

Aineistopaketti voi sisältää samoja tiedostoja eri kielisinä.

Aineisto sisältää datatiedostoja seuraavilla kielillä: englanti.

Tietoarkisto kääntää kvantitatiivisia datatiedostoja englanniksi. Lisätietoja käännöspyynnön jättämisestä.

Havaintojen ja muuttujien lukumäärä

185 muuttujaa ja 969 havaintoa.

Datan versio

1.0

Katso myös

FSD3712 Robots and Us Survey: United States, January 2019

FSD3714 Robots and Us, Sentiment Survey: United States 2020

Aineiston käytössä huomioitavaa

For identification purposes, the researcher has categorised age and area of residence.

To prevent identification of respondents, variable (re10) containing open-ended responses to the response option "Other, please specify" were removed from the data at FSD.

Painokertoimet

There are no weight variables in the data.

Viittausvaatimus

The data and its creators shall be cited in all publications and presentations for which the data have been used. The bibliographic citation may be in the form suggested by the archive or in the form required by the publication.

Malliviittaus

Oksanen, Atte (Tampere University) & Savela, Nina (Tampere University): Robots and Us Survey: United States, April 2019 [dataset]. Version 1.0 (2024-01-03). Finnish Social Science Data Archive [distributor]. https://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi:fsd:T-FSD3713

Julkaisusta tiedottaminen

Notify FSD of all publications where you have used the data by sending the citation information to user-services.fsd@tuni.fi.

Varaumat

The original data creators and the archive bear no responsibility for any results or interpretations arising from the reuse of the data.

Käytön ja kuvailun oheismateriaalit

Robots in Society. Tampere University.

Julkaisut aineistosta

Savela, N., Kaakinen, M., Ellonen, N., & Oksanen, A. (2021) Sharing a work team with robots: The negative effect of robot co-workers on in-group identification with the work team. Computers in Human Behavior, Volume 115, 106585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106585

Savela, N., Turja, T., Latikka, R., & Oksanen, A. (2021) Media effects on the perceptions of robots. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3(5), 989-1003. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.296

Latikka R., Savela N., Koivula A., Oksanen A. (2021) Perceived Robot Attitudes of Other People and Perceived Robot Use Self-efficacy as Determinants of Attitudes Toward Robots. In: Kurosu M. (eds) Human-Computer Interaction. Interaction Techniques and Novel Applications. HCII 2021. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 12763. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78465-2_20

Savela, N., Oksanen, A., Pellert, M, & Garcia, D. (2021) Emotional reactions to robot colleagues in a role-playing experiment. International Journal of Information Management, 60(102361). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2021.102361

Latikka, R., Savela, N., Koivula, A., & Oksanen, A. (2021) Attitudes Toward Robots as Equipment and Coworkers and the Impact of Robot Autonomy Level. International Journal of Social Robotics 13, 1747-1759. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-020-00743-9

Oksanen, A., Savela, N., Latikka, R., & Koivula, A. (2020) Trust Toward Robots and Artificial Intelligence: An Experimental Approach to Human-Technology Interactions Online. Frontiers in psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.568256

Savela, N. (2022). Ready for Robot Colleagues? Affective Attitudes and Prejudice Toward Sharing the Work Domain with Robots [Doctoral dissertation, Tampere University]. https://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-03-2445-2

Savela, N., Latikka, R., Oksa, R., & Oksanen, A. (2021, July). Service Sector Professionals' Perspective on Robots Doing Their Job in the Future. In M. Kurosu (Ed.), International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (Vol. 12763, pp. 300-317). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78465-2_23